Name: 如何構建強大的心靈 | STOIC PHILOSOPHY (How to Build A Strong Mind | STOIC PHILOSOPHY)
Uploaded: 2025-06-18T18:06:20.000Z
Duration: 8 min 4 s

基礎被動語態

This video was made possible by Brilliant, a math and science problem-solving website that makes learning fun and rewarding. The great Stoic philosopher Seneca wrote,

本視頻由 Brilliant 製作，Brilliant 是一個數學和科學問題解決網站，它讓學習變得有趣而有意義。偉大的斯多葛派哲學家塞內加寫道

情態助動詞 B1

If you want a man to keep his head when the crisis comes, you must give him some training before it comes. If you want to remain calm and fearless when a crisis comes, you have to prepare for it in advance. And the best way to prepare for a crisis is by facing it before you have to. In this video, we'll go over four Stoic tests that can help you face your fears today and build strength for the crises of tomorrow. The first test is the pleasure test.

如果你想讓一個人在危機來臨時保持頭腦清醒，就必須在危機來臨之前對他進行一些培訓。如果你想在危機來臨時保持冷靜和無畏，就必須提前做好準備。而為危機做好準備的最好方法就是在你不得不面對危機之前就面對它。在本視頻中，我們將介紹四種斯多葛測試，它們可以幫助你面對今天的恐懼，為明天的危機積蓄力量。第一個測試是快樂測試。

轉承詞

The pleasure test requires you to avoid pleasure while everyone around you is seeking it, but there's a catch. You can't make yourself stand out while doing it. That's because the goal isn't to try and be better, unique, or different from others, but to still get along with them and have fun, without having to indulge in the same pleasures that they do, such as eating junk food, drinking, and so on. When speaking about the pleasure test,

快樂測試要求你在周圍的人都在追求快樂時避免快樂，但有一個前提。在做這個測試時，你不能讓自己脫穎而出。因為這樣做的目的並不是為了讓自己變得更好、更獨特或與眾不同，而是為了與他人相處，享受快樂，而不必沉迷於與他人相同的快樂，比如吃垃圾食品、喝酒等等。在談到快樂測試時、

Remaining dry and sober takes a good deal more strength of will when everyone about you is puking drunk. It takes a more developed sense of fitness, on the other hand, not to make of oneself a person apart, to be neither indistinguishable from those about one nor conspicuous by one's difference. If you can avoid pleasure while everyone else around you is seeking it, while everyone around you is pressuring you to seek it, without making yourself stand out as an outsider or offending them, then you're probably capable of avoiding pleasure under any condition, especially those times when you don't have access to it. This test will help you face and overcome the fear of living without access to bodily pleasures, which happens often in times of crisis. The second test is the minimalist test.

當週圍的人都喝得酩酊大醉時，保持清醒和乾爽需要更強的意志力。另一方面，你需要有更強的健身意識，不把自己當成一個與眾不同的人，既不與周圍的人無異，也不因自己的與眾不同而引人注目。如果當週圍的人都在追求快樂時，當週圍的人都在逼迫你追求快樂時，你能夠避免快樂，而不使自己成為局外人或冒犯他們，那麼你可能有能力在任何條件下避免快樂，尤其是在你無法獲得快樂的時候。這項測試將幫助你面對並克服生活中無法獲得身體快感的恐懼，這種恐懼在危機時刻經常發生。第二個測試是最低限度測試。

The minimalist test requires that you set aside a few days where you learn to live with less.

極簡主義測試要求你留出幾天時間，學會少花錢多辦事。

Set aside a few days where you eat simpler foods, wear less comfy clothing, sleep on a mattress, couch, or floor, live without a phone, computer, or TV, and walk, bike, or bus around instead of driving. The goal is to train yourself to get by with less material goods and comforts.

留出幾天時間，讓自己吃簡單點的食物，穿舒適點的衣服，睡床墊、沙發或地板，過沒有電話、電腦或電視的生活，以步行、騎自行車或乘公車代替開車。這樣做的目的是訓練自己在物質生活和舒適度較低的情況下也能過得很好。

When speaking about the minimalist test, Seneca wrote,

塞內加在談到極簡主義測試時寫道

Set aside now and then a number of days during which you will be content with the plainest of food, and very little of it, and with rough, coarse clothing, and will ask yourself, is this what one used to dread? It is in times of security that the spirit should be preparing itself to deal with difficult times. If you can learn to live with less—less money, less material goods, less comforts, less luxuries—you will be better prepared to do it if it ever becomes a necessity, which is often the case in times of crisis. The third test is the nonconformity test.

時不時地留出一些日子，在這些日子裡，你會滿足於最普通的食物，很少的食物，粗糙的粗布衣服，你會問自己，這就是一個人曾經害怕的東西嗎？在安全的時候，精神應該為應對困難的時候做好準備。如果你能學會用更少的錢，更少的物質，更少的舒適，更少的奢華來生活，你就會做好更充分的準備，在危機時刻，這往往成為一種必需。第三個測試是不墨守成規測試。

The nonconformity test requires that you learn to live without the approval of others.

不順從測試要求你學會在沒有他人認可的情況下生活。

According to Diogenes Laertes, Zeno, the father of Stoicism, was tasked by his teacher Cretes to carry a pot of lentil soup through a large and busy neighborhood in Athens. From what I've read, this might be embarrassing for Zeno because lentils were considered to be a food for the poor. When Cretes saw that Zeno was embarrassed and was trying to hide the pot, Cretes used his cane to break the pot and spilled the soup all over Zeno. As Zeno ran away from shame, Cretes said, quote, Why run away, little Phoenician? Nothing terrible has happened to you.

根據第歐根尼-拉爾特斯（Diogenes Laertes）的記載，斯多葛學派之父芝諾的老師克里特斯（Cretes）讓他端著一鍋扁豆湯穿過雅典的一個繁華街區。據我所知，這可能會讓芝諾感到尷尬，因為扁豆被認為是窮人的食物。當克里特斯看到芝諾尷尬地想把鍋藏起來時，克里特斯用手杖打碎了鍋，湯灑了芝諾一身。芝諾羞愧地跑開了，克里特斯說："小腓尼基人，為什麼要逃跑呢？你並沒有發生什麼可怕的事情。

Cretes wanted Zeno to learn how to live without the approval of others.

克里特斯希望芝諾學會如何在沒有他人認可的情況下生活。

Plutarch said that Cato, an influential Roman senator and Stoic, would wear clothes that were unfashionable in order to, quote, accustom himself to be ashamed only of what deserves shame and to despise all other sorts of disgrace. If you can learn to live without the approval of others, especially in minor things such as fashion, you will be better prepared to do it when it becomes a necessity, such as when you need to speak an unfashionable truth to power.

普魯塔克說，加圖，一位有影響力的羅馬元老和斯多葛派人物，會穿著不合時宜的衣服，目的是讓自己習慣於只為值得羞恥的事情感到羞恥，而鄙視其他各種恥辱。如果你能學會在沒有他人認可的情況下生活，尤其是在時尚等小事上，那麼當你必須這樣做時，比如當你需要對權力說出不合時宜的真理時，你就會做好更好的準備。

Doing or saying unfashionable things, especially if they resonate with you, and being okay with being laughed at helps train you to be okay with standing out and expressing your individuality.

做不合時宜的事或說不合時宜的話，特別是如果這些話能引起你的共鳴，並能接受被人嘲笑，這有助於訓練你接受脫穎而出和表達自己的個性。

Some simple ways you can practice nonconformity is by getting a pedicure if you're a man, or maybe growing out some body hair if you're a woman. There are hundreds of ways that you can practice nonconformity, and by learning to live without the approval of others in things that don't matter, you can learn to live without their approval in the things that truly do matter.

你可以通過一些簡單的方式來實踐不墨守成規，比如，如果你是男人，就去修個腳，如果你是女人，就留些體毛。你可以用成百上千種方式來踐行 "不墨守成規"，通過學習在無關緊要的事情上不被他人認可，你可以學會在真正重要的事情上不被他人認可。

The fourth and final test is the solitude test. The solitude test requires that you learn to spend extended amounts of time alone. You want to increase the amount of time you can spend on your own, without the company of others, but of course, there are limits to how much time anyone can spend alone and remain healthy. When speaking about the solitude test, Seneca wrote,

第四個也是最後一個測試是獨處測試。孤獨測試要求你學會長時間獨處。你要增加自己獨處的時間，不與他人為伴，當然，任何人獨處並保持健康的時間都是有限的。塞內加在談到孤獨測試時寫道

Nothing to my way of thinking is a better proof of a well-ordered mind than a man's ability to stop just where he is and pass some time in his own company. If you can learn to live in solitude, if you can learn to live without the presence and support of others, you will be better prepared to do it if it becomes a necessity, such as if you are shunned, outcast, or exiled by others.

在我看來，沒有什麼比一個人能夠在原地停下來，在自己的陪伴下度過一段時間，更能證明一個人的心智是有序的。如果你能學會在孤獨中生活，如果你能學會在沒有他人陪伴和支持的情況下生活，你就會做好更充分的準備，在必要的時候，比如你被他人迴避、拋棄或放逐的時候，你也能做到這一點。

Spending some time alone and without the help of others can help build up a solitude muscle that allows you to thrive for longer periods of time without the support and presence of others, and by learning to live with less support from others, you will become less dependent and less controlled by them. So by undergoing the four tests—the pleasure test, the minimalist test, the nonconformity test, and the solitude test—you can face your fears and build strength for hard times—times where you might not have access to abundant pleasures, material comforts and luxuries, the approval of others, or social support. Your body and mind are capable of incredible adaptation, but it does take time to adjust, and with these four practices, you can shape yourself into a stronger, more resilient form.

在沒有他人幫助的情況下獨處一段時間，有助於鍛鍊你的獨處能力，使你能夠在沒有他人支持和陪伴的情況下更長時間地茁壯成長，而且通過學習在較少他人支持的情況下生活，你會變得不那麼依賴他人，也不那麼受他人控制。是以，通過這四項測試--快樂測試、極簡主義測試、不服輸測試和孤獨測試--你可以直面恐懼，為困難時期積蓄力量--在這些時期，你可能無法獲得豐富的快樂、物質享受和奢侈品、他人的認可或社會的支持。你的身體和心靈具有驚人的適應能力，但確實需要時間來調整，通過這四種練習，你可以將自己塑造成一個更強大、更有韌性的人。

And this, in turn, helped me achieve more success in my YouTube career so far.

這反過來又幫助我在 YouTube 事業上取得了更大的成功。

In their course on data science, you'll learn the fundamentals of data analysis that will help you take in large amounts of information, use it to make smarter decisions, and make powerful changes in your life. But if data science isn't your thing,

在他們的數據科學課程中，您將學習到數據分析的基礎知識，這將幫助您接收大量資訊，利用這些資訊做出更明智的決策，併為您的生活帶來強大的改變。但是，如果你對數據科學不感興趣、

Brilliant has thousands of other lessons, with new, exclusive content added each month, for different areas of study such as math, logic, or computer science.

Brilliant 還有數以千計的其他課程，每個月都會為數學、邏輯學或計算機科學等不同學習領域添加新的獨家內容。

I particularly enjoy their new course, How Technology Works, which has helped me understand the inner workings of everyday technology, such as computer memory, GPS, and wireless communication.

我特別喜歡他們的新課程 "技術如何運作"，這門課程幫助我瞭解了計算機內存、全球定位系統和無線通信等日常技術的內部運作。

To try everything Brilliant has to offer, for free, for a full 30 days, visit brilliant.org slash freedominthought or click on the link in the description below.

要在 30 天內免費試用 Brilliant 的所有功能，請訪問 brilliant.org slash freedominthought 或點擊下面描述中的鏈接。

The first 200 of you will get 20% off Brilliant's annual premium subscription.

前 200 名用戶可享受 Brilliant 年度高級訂閱 8 折優惠。

As always, thanks for watching, and I'll see you next time.

一如既往，感謝您的收看，我們下次再見。