Name: 【國際時事】印度和巴基斯坦之間的緊張局勢加劇 (Tensions rise between India and Pakistan | BBC News)
Uploaded: 2025-04-30T21:01:20.000Z
Duration: 6 min 13 s

The UN has called on India and Pakistan to exercise maximum restraint as each side threatens the other in the wake of Tuesday's attack in disputed Kashmir.

在週二有爭議的克什米爾地區發生襲擊事件後，雙方都對對方進行了威脅，聯合國呼籲印度和巴基斯坦保持最大限度的剋制。

Police say they've identified three gunmen from Pakistan who they think were responsible for the murders of 26 Indian tourists.

警方說，他們已經確認了三名來自巴基斯坦的槍手，他們認為這些人是殺害 26 名印度遊客的凶手。

Delhi has since suspended a water-sharing treaty with Pakistan and they've closed the main land border between the two countries.

此後，德里中止了與巴基斯坦的水資源共享條約，並關閉了兩國之間的主要陸地邊界。

Arunazadeh Mukherjee is in Delhi and Azadeh Moshiri is in Islamabad.

Arunazadeh Mukherjee 在德里，Azadeh Moshiri 在伊斯蘭堡。

Azadeh, there are real fears of an escalation here.

Azadeh，人們確實擔心這裡的局勢會升級。

You've been speaking to the Defence Minister of Pakistan.

你一直在和巴基斯坦國防部長通話。

The Pakistani government's position is clear.

巴基斯坦政府的立場是明確的。

They reject any allegations that Pakistan was involved in this attack.

他們拒絕接受任何關於巴基斯坦參與了這次襲擊的指控。

In fact, in a largely symbolic move today, the Senate passed a resolution rejecting those allegations, calling it a campaign by India and also condemning the unilateral suspension of the water treaty.

事實上，參議院今天通過了一項主要具有象徵意義的決議，駁斥了這些指控，稱其為印度的一場運動，並譴責單方面中止水條約的行為。

Now, when we asked the Pakistani Defence Minister about this, he said that Pakistan could not take it lying down.

現在，當我們向巴基斯坦國防部長詢問此事時，他說巴基斯坦不能坐視不管。

This treaty has been in place since 1960 and it governs the Indus River sharing system, the sharing of that water system.

該條約自 1960 年起生效，對印度河共享系統和該水系的共享作出了規定。

And it guarantees the water flow from three western rivers to Pakistan.

它還保證了西部三條河流的水流流向巴基斯坦。

And so we asked the Defence Minister how Pakistan views any move to halt or divert the flow of water from the Indus River and this is what he said.

我們問國防部長，巴基斯坦如何看待任何停止或改變印度河水流的舉動，他是這樣說的。

It will be a declaration of war, you know.

You are actually depriving us of water, which is our right, which was acknowledged by India as it is written in that treaty.

你們實際上是在剝奪我們的水權，這是我們的權利，也是印度承認的權利，這在條約中已經寫明。

Now India accuses Pakistan of being indirectly involved in the attack because it accuses Pakistani militants based on Pakistani soil of being behind this attack.

現在，印度指責巴基斯坦間接參與了這次襲擊，因為印度指責駐紮在巴基斯坦境內的巴基斯坦武裝分子是這次襲擊的幕後黑手。

Now, we put this to the Defence Minister and asked him whether he views Pakistan as having any responsibility to monitor or contain militants on its soil,

現在，我們向國防部長提出這個問題，問他是否認為巴基斯坦有責任監督或遏制其領土上的武裝分子，

especially given the history of attacks by militant groups operating in Pakistan and then also operating in India, Indian-administered Kashmir.

特別是考慮到武裝組織在巴基斯坦境內活動，然後又在印度、印控克什米爾地區活動的襲擊歷史。

And he denied, despite US intelligence or Indian intelligence to the contrary, that any of these groups operate today.

儘管美國或印度的情報與此相反，但他否認這些組織今天仍在活動。

Redundant means that they are inactive, they have become extinct, you know.

冗餘的意思是它們不活躍了，它們已經滅絕了，你知道的。

But do you therefore think that any sort of US bounties that are on anyone's heads or someone like Hafez Saeed, you believe that these are just outdated, is that what you're saying?  They are outdated.

但你是否是以認為，美國對任何人或像哈菲茲-賽義德這樣的人的賞金，你認為這些都已經過時了，你是這個意思嗎？ 它們已經過時了。

Yeah, they are part of the archives now, you know.

是的，它們現在是檔案的一部分了，你知道的。

India and Pakistan both claim all of Kashmir and they fought two wars and unlimited conflict over it.

印度和巴基斯坦都聲稱擁有整個克什米爾，並為此進行了兩次戰爭和一次無限次的衝突。

And the last time we got to a point where there were Indian airstrikes, where there was any form of back and forth military action was in 2019.

上一次印度發動空襲或採取任何形式的軍事行動還是在 2019 年。

At this point the defence minister said we're still in the realm of diplomatic tit for tat.

此時，國防部長說，我們仍處於以牙還牙的外交階段。

But the possibility of that escalation is there.

但這種升級的可能性是存在的。

As he said, he views and Pakistan views any action when it comes to this treaty as a declaration of war and will be monitoring what's happening with that water flow very closely.

正如他所說的那樣，他認為，巴基斯坦認為任何涉及該條約的行動都是宣戰，並將密切關注水流的變化。

And currently the government has told us that no third party, no country and the World Bank is not mediating this in any way right now.

目前，政府已經告訴我們，任何第三方、任何國家和世界銀行現在都不會以任何方式調解此事。

So what happens in the next few days and weeks could determine whether this escalates into a full-blown conflict.

未來幾天和幾周內發生的事情將決定衝突是否會升級為全面衝突。

Azadeh, for the moment, thank you very much.

Let's speak to Arunade Mukherjee in Delhi.

讓我們連線德里的阿魯納德-穆克吉。

An absolute rejection there by Pakistan that they are involved in this at all, Arunade.

巴基斯坦方面堅決否認他們參與了此事，阿魯納德。

Well, India has repeatedly over several decades has made this allegation that Pakistan has backed separatist forces which have fermented unrest in Indian-administered Kashmir.

幾十年來，印度曾多次指控巴基斯坦支持分裂主義勢力，在印控克什米爾地區製造動亂。

India makes those allegations and Pakistan denies it.

印度提出這些指控，巴基斯坦予以否認。

But in this case, what is very significant and what makes the situation a little more unique is the scale of what we saw this time around in Indian-administered Kashmir.

但是，這次印控克什米爾發生的事件規模之大，意義重大，情況也更加獨特。

This is the first time in a sense in recent years that we've seen this kind of an attack take place and directed at civilians, really.

從某種意義上說，這是近年來我們第一次看到這種針對平民的襲擊。

And that's something that has left the country shocked and also angry, which is why there is growing pressure on the Indian government,

這件事讓印度全國人民感到震驚和憤怒，這也是為什麼印度政府面臨越來越大的壓力，

especially Prime Minister Modi's party, the BJP, which leads an alliance at the government, that they must appear to do something and send a very strong message.

尤其是莫迪總理的政黨--上司政府聯盟的印度人民黨，他們必須有所作為，發出一個非常強烈的資訊。

So we've heard that tough talk from Prime Minister Narendra Modi and members of his cabinet, Prime Minister Modi himself saying that they will pursue the attackers till the ends of earth.

我們聽到了納倫德拉-莫迪總理及其內閣成員的強硬言論，莫迪總理本人也表示，他們將追捕襲擊者直到天涯海角。

What will that translate into is what the concern really is, as these two nuclear-armed neighbors get into a sort of a war of words.

當這兩個擁有核武器的鄰國打起口水仗時，人們真正關心的是這將轉化為什麼。

We've seen in the past, as Azadeh was also mentioning, that in 2016, there was a terror attack in Indian-administered Kashmir, which India responded with what it called were surgical strikes in Pakistan-administered Kashmir.

我們過去已經看到，阿扎德也提到，2016 年印控克什米爾地區發生了一起恐怖襲擊，印度對此的迴應是對巴控克什米爾地區進行了所謂的外科手術式打擊。

In 2019, there was another terror attack in Indian-administered Kashmir, to which India once again responded with limited strikes in Pakistani territory.

2019 年，印控克什米爾地區再次發生恐怖襲擊，印度再次對巴基斯坦領土進行了有限打擊。

So when we speak to analysts, they say, look, the precedent is very much there if you take the past as evidence.

當我們與分析師交談時，他們說，聽著，如果把過去作為證據，先例是非常多的。

So this time around, you have to match that in a sense.

這一次，你必須在某種意義上與之相匹配。

The government has to match that, because they've already done it in the past.

政府必須配合，因為他們過去已經這樣做了。

And given the scale of what we saw this time around, what is India going to do next?

鑑於我們這次看到的規模，印度下一步會怎麼做？

Arun Adai Mukherjee 在德里連線報導。