Name: 高市早苗是全球最有權力的女性嗎？| 經濟學人 (Is Takaichi Sanae the most powerful woman in the world? | The Economist)
Uploaded: 2026-03-21T18:56:30.000Z
Duration: 9 min 1 s

程度副詞

She seems extremely cool, but tell me more about Japan's Prime Minister.

她看起來超酷的，但可以多說一點關於日本的總理嗎？

She's the first Japanese female Prime Minister.

She is not a part of the old party machinery in the sense that she comes from a very ordinary middle class background, whereas many of Japan's former Prime ministers have been the sons, always the sons of former prime ministers or former ministers.

她不是舊黨機器的一份子，因為她來自非常普通的家庭，而日本許多前首相都是前首相或前部長的兒子，永遠都是兒子。

She communicates well on social media, she plays the drums and she was in a.

她在社交媒體上溝通得很好，她會打鼓，而且她曾經是個...

The drummer in a heavy metal band at university.

And she still picks up the sticks quite often.

而且她到現在還是常常拿起鼓棒。

She has, like Margaret Thatcher, an iconic handbag which has been selling out across Japan.

她就像柴契爾夫人一樣，有一個標誌性手提包，在日本賣到缺貨。

She's altogether a rather refreshing figure, though not especially young.

她總體來說是個相當清新的人物，雖然不算特別年輕。

She's 62, which is kind of average for Japanese PMs, but no, a very interesting new figure indeed.

她62歲，這對日本首相來說算是平均年齡，但她確實是個非常有趣的新人物。

And she's won what is an extraordinarily large majority, biggest majority that her party, the ldp, has had, the biggest majority that any party has had since the end of the Second World War.

而且她贏得了異常大的多數，是她的政黨自民黨有史以來最大的多數，也是自二戰以來任何政黨獲得的最大多數。

Nobody's had a mandate like this, so it's incredibly powerful and unprecedented.

沒有人有過這樣的授權，所以這非常強大且前所未有。

So, Noah, what was it like or what is it like in Tokyo?

Well, there was a lot of uncertainty heading into this election.

嗯，這次選舉前有很多不確定性。

It was a much more fluid moment in Japanese politics than we've had for a long time.

日本的政治氛圍比我們很久以來經歷的都要更加活絡。

And even on election day, nobody really knew how things were going to turn out.

甚至在投票那天，大家其實都不知道結果會怎麼樣。

Not least because there was a giant snowstorm that hit Japan on election day and made it very hard to get to polling places, even to Tokyo, which is rarely snowy, was covered in white.

其中一個很大的原因，是投票那天日本遇上了一場大雪，讓大家很難去投票所，就連平常很少下雪的東京，也覆蓋了一片白。

And when the results started to become clear, the scale, the historic scale of this victory, it felt a bit like the small earthquakes that are more common here, a bit like the ground kind of shifting under one's feet.

當結果開始明朗化時，這場勝利的規模，歷史性的規模，感覺有點像是這裡比較常見的小地震，有點像是腳下的地面在移動。

And it was, I think, a really stunning result, even for people inside the ldp.

我認為，即使是自民黨內部的人，也覺得這是一個非常令人驚豔的結果。

Perhaps you can give us a quick primer of what indeed are her big promises.

或許你可以簡單跟我們介紹一下，她到底有哪些主要的承諾？

Yeah, so I think her slogan essentially is that she wants to make Japan stronger and she wants to make Japan prosperous.

是的，我認為她的口號基本上是希望讓日本更強大，並讓日本更繁榮。

Hard to argue with either element of those.

But, you know, the stronger piece is essentially about beefing up Japan's armed forces, building out the security state.

不過，你知道的，更強大這部分，基本上就是加強日本的武裝部隊，建立安全體系。

The prosperous piece gets a bit trickier when you get into the details of how she plans to make that happen.

至於繁榮的部分，當我們深入瞭解她打算如何實現這一點的細節時，就會變得有點棘手。

But these are, again, these are long standing goals.

不過這些都是，再次強調，都是長久以來就有的目標。

I mean I think it's worth remembering that for all of her mold breaking style, she is a 30 year veteran of the 70 year ruling party in Japan.

我覺得值得記得的是，儘管她風格獨特、打破常規，但她其實是在日本這個七十年執政黨裡，有三十年資歷的資深黨員。

She's very much a creature of the establishment.

She's not an outsider trying to tear down the establishment.

她不是試圖推翻體制外的局外人。

She's the one the LDP turned to, to really fend off the challenge from the kind of populist disruptors who were starting to make inroads heading into this election.

自民黨之所以找上她，正是為了要好好抵擋，那些在這次選舉前開始嶄露頭角的民粹主義顛覆者所帶來的挑戰。

Let's start with foreign policy and defense where you know, making Japan strong is the goal.

我們先從外交和國防開始談，你知道的，讓日本強大是目標。

A big part is defence and a very clear defense buildup.

其中很大一部分是國防，以及非常明確的國防建置。

Henry, how much does she want to increase defense spending?

Henry，她打算增加多少國防開支？

Well, it's about going to a 2% of GDP target more quickly.

嗯，這是關於更快達到 GDP 的 2% 目標。

And it's significant because Japan historically has not been a country that spends on defence post Second World War, it's actually in their constitution.

這很重要，因為日本歷史上在二戰後並沒有一個國家會花費國防開支，這其實寫在他們的憲法裡。

They're not supposed to have an army for aggressive purposes.

他們不應該擁有用於侵略目的的軍隊。

Of course they do have an army for defensive purposes.

當然，他們確實擁有用於防禦目的的軍隊。

But they've been firmly within the security umbrella of the US and in this new world with more geopolitical tension and a fraying commitment of America to, to its alliances, Japan needs to build out its military strength significantly.

但他們一直牢牢地處於美國的安全保護傘之下，在這個地緣政治緊張加劇、美國對其盟友的承諾日漸動搖的新世界裡，日本需要顯著增強其軍事力量。

this is interesting, she'd already reached the 2% thing when she became Prime Minister in October.

這很有趣，她在十月成為總理時就已經達到了 2% 的目標。

She put forward a supplementary budget that lifted defence spending in the current fiscal year, which isn't quite over yet, to the 2%.

她提出了一項補充預算，將本財政年度（尚未結束）的國防開支提高到 2%。

Because 2% is not very much at NATO we've long replaced that target with a much higher one.

因為 2% 在北約裡不算多，我們早就把這個目標換成一個高得多的目標了。

But before we do that, let's put all of this into some historical context for us.

但在我們這樣做之前，讓我們為大家把這一切放到歷史背景裡看看。

As Henry said, Japan's contribution constitution prevents it from having an army, although it has.

就像亨利說的，日本的憲法禁止它擁有軍隊，儘管它有。

But how, how, how is this debate going down in Tokyo?

但這場辯論在東京是怎麼進行的？

How much is, are people behind her in this push and how, how far do you think it will go?

人們有多支持她推動這件事，你認為這會走多遠？

Yeah, I think there's been a kind of a gradual evolution that's been accelerating.

是的，我認為這是一個逐漸演變的過程，而且正在加速。

So as Henry mentioned, Japan after the Second World War really kind of sheltered under the American security umbrella, started to focus more on its own economy and on economic relations with others in Asia.

所以，正如亨利提到的，日本在二戰後，真的就像是躲在美國的安全傘下，開始更專注於自己的經濟以及與亞洲其他國家的經濟關係。

But that began to change in a big way in the 2010s I think as Japan started to recognize that China was rising and wouldn't be benevolent and at the same time that America is increasingly unreliable.

但我認為，隨著日本開始意識到中國正在崛起且不會仁慈，同時美國也越來越不可靠，這種情況在 2010 年代開始有了巨大的改變。

And I think this is One area where Japan is a kind of a harbinger on, kind of on the front lines of geopolitical trends that have come to shape the world since.

我認為這是一個日本作為先驅的領域，走在前沿，引領著自那以來塑造世界的地緣政治趨勢。

And Abe Shinzo, who, it should be noted, is sort of Takaichi's mentor, her political godfather, as it were, he set out a new course for Japan, a new strategy to deal with these two forces, strengthen Japan's own defenses, try to keep America committed to Asia, and

而安倍晉三，值得一提的是，他是高市的導師，可以說是她的政治教父，他為日本設定了新的方向，一個應對這兩股力量的新策略，加強日本自身的防禦，試圖讓美國繼續致力於亞洲，並且

at the same time kind of do more with other partners across the region.

同時與該區域的其他夥伴做更多的事情。

But the pace of change was always gradual and it started to accelerate more after the war in Ukraine.

但變化的步伐一直都很緩慢，直到烏克蘭戰爭後才開始加速。

The full scale invasion of the war of Ukraine in 2022, I think that really shook people here in Japan, but

2022 年烏克蘭戰爭的全面入侵，我認為這真的讓日本這裡的人們感到震驚，但是

it still hasn't been fast enough to match the scale of the challenges that Japan faces.

它的速度仍然不夠快，無法跟上日本所面臨的挑戰的規模。

And what Takaichi is doing is basically saying this roadmap that my mentor Abe put us on is it's the right one, it's the right course, but

而高市正在做的事情基本上是說，我的導師安倍為我們設定的這張路線圖是正確的，這是正確的方向，但是

we just need to put the pedal to the metal.

You know, we need to, to hop on the, on the motorcycle.

你知道，我們需要，騎上，騎上機車。

And we need a new target now, I think, you know, but

我認為現在我們需要一個新的目標，你知道，但是

我的意思是，對我來說，脈絡是中國。

If you look at the rate at which China is building its navy, expanding its air force, everything, all manner, you know, a sort of gentle Abe like, increase in awareness is really not keeping up with the conflict.

如果你看看中國建立海軍、擴張空軍的速度，所有的一切，你知道，那種溫和的安倍式、意識的提升，真的跟不上衝突的腳步。

China, China's aggressive rearming and its, you know, more aggressive general position.

中國，中國積極的重新武裝，以及它，你知道，更具侵略性的整體立場。

And of course, as Noah said, the US let's take them in turn.

當然，正如諾亞所說，美國，我們輪流來看。

Let's start with China, because even in her four months before she got this extraordinarily large majority, she'd already had a fairly testy and consequential interaction with China.

我們先從中國開始，因為即使在她獲得異常大的多數之前的四個月裡，她已經和中國有過一次相當棘手的、重要的互動。

Remind us exactly what happened there, Chris?

克里斯，能提醒我們一下當時具體發生了什麼嗎？

Yes, well, she made a comment that caused a lot of concern in China, you know, unjustifiably, I would say.

是的，嗯，她發表了一項引起中國很大擔憂的評論，你知道，我認為這是不合理的。

But she, she simply noted that in the event of a Chinese attack on Taiwan that Japanese central interests would be affected.

但她，她只是指出，萬一中國攻擊臺灣，日本的核心利益將會受到影響。

And that suggested to Japan, to China and was sort of considered by the Chinese to, to mean that Japan might intervene.

這讓日本、中國覺得，中國也認為，這意味著日本可能會介入。

the position has always been that there would be strategic ambiguity that neither America nor Japan are committed to defend Taiwan.

一直以來的立場都是戰略模糊，美國和日本都沒有承諾要防衛臺灣。

A Chinese Consul general said, stick out her dirty neck, it should be chopped off.

一位中國總領事說，伸出她骯髒的脖子，應該砍掉。

And it was very kind of hostile and aggressive.

And now Chinese tourists don't come to Japan anymore, which has been very problematic because that was a big part of the tourism industry, which is growing quite fast.

現在中國遊客不再來日本了，這造成了很大的問題，因為這是旅遊業的重要組成部分，而旅遊業發展得相當快。

Noah, do you think that is now seen as being a mistake or is she going to double down on that?

諾亞，你認為現在這被視為一個錯誤，還是她會堅持下去？

What do you expect from her in terms of how she behaves towards Xi Jinping?

Yeah, I think what she said in the Diet initially was a mistake.

是的，我認為她最初在日本國會的發言是個錯誤。

She didn't intend to cross that line which Japanese prime ministers haven't crossed in the past.

她無意跨越日本首相過去未曾跨越的界線。

But she's not going to walk back from it now.

It's become a position that she has, is standing on.

這已經變成她的立場，她堅守著。

It's essentially saying out loud what everyone already understood.

這基本上是把大家心裡都明白的事說了出來。

And it has, I think, won her, you know, some, some support from the public.

我認為這贏得了，你知道，一些民眾的支持。

There's been a bit of a rally around the flag effect.

有點像「團結在國旗之下」效應。

It's helped to kind of consolidate her image as a, as a tough leader who's willing to stand up to Japan's, Japan's hostile neighbors.

這有助於鞏固她作為一個強硬領導人的形象，一個願意對抗日本，日本敵對鄰國的領導人。

And that that sense of security is part of what voters want.

而這種安全感，也是選民想要的。