Name: 這是對聯合國和依賴聯合國支持的人民的生存威脅嗎？| DW 新聞 (Is this an existential threat to the UN and the people who depend on its support? | DW News)
Uploaded: 2025-06-19T17:10:16.000Z
Duration: 9 min 25 s

For a long time, the U.S. was a leading force in international development cooperation.

長期以來，美國一直是國際發展合作的主導力量。

情態副詞

But since Donald Trump's return to the White House, the country has dramatically slashed its contributions.

但自從唐納德-特朗普重返白宮後，該國大幅削減了捐款。

And in an increasingly uncertain world, many other nations are boosting defense spending at the expense of their foreign aid budgets.

而在一個日益不確定的世界裡，許多其他國家正在以犧牲對外援助預算為代價來增加國防開支。

That has left organizations like the U.N. with a funding crisis.

這使得聯合國等組織面臨資金危機。

So far, with half the year gone, the U.N. has received only $5.6 billion to fund its global aid programs in 2025.

到目前為止，今年已經過去了一半，聯合國只收到了 56 億美元，用於資助 2025 年的全球援助計劃。

To put that into perspective, it had originally hoped to raise $44 billion.

要知道，該公司最初希望籌集 440 億美元。

That's just under 13% of the original target they've achieved.

這只是他們已實現的原定目標的不到 13%。

The United Nations says it's the biggest funding shortfall in its history, and it's scaling back its global humanitarian aid plans.

聯合國表示，這是聯合國歷史上最大的資金短缺，聯合國正在縮減其全球人道主義援助計劃。

Today, we're having to prioritize even further.

今天，我們必須進一步確定優先次序。

Brutal funding cuts have left us with the cruel math of doing less with less.

殘酷的經費削減使我們不得不面對少花錢多辦事的殘酷現實。

Even as the world around us remains on fire, and as people die because we don't have the resources to save them.

即使我們周圍的世界仍在燃燒，即使人們因為我們沒有資源拯救他們而死去。

Damien Lilly is a seasoned humanitarian, spent many years working for the U.N., and is today an independent consultant working on humanitarian peace and security issues.

達米安-利利是一名經驗豐富的人道主義者，曾在聯合國工作多年，如今是一名獨立顧問，致力於人道主義和平與安全問題。

Today, he joins us from Maputo in Mozambique.

今天，他將在莫三鼻克的馬普托與我們連線。

Does this funding crisis pose an existential threat to the U.N. and the people who rely on its assistance?

這場資金危機是否會對聯合國以及依賴聯合國援助的人們的生存構成威脅？

Yes, I think the funding crisis at the moment facing the U.N. I think is the greatest that it's faced since the start of the organization.

是的，我認為聯合國目前面臨的資金危機是該組織成立以來最嚴重的一次。

So this is putting millions of lives at risk, and the important work for the U.N. around the world, with many lives put in jeopardy as a result of this funding crisis.

是以，這危及了數百萬人的生命，也危及了聯合國在世界各地的重要工作。

Most affected will be people in the humanitarian crisis around the world, people in war situations, people affected by climate change, people reliant on the U.N. for food assistance that's being cut dramatically, people reliant on the U.N. for medical health services, and even people in protracted conflicts.

受影響最大的將是世界各地處於人道主義危機中的人們、處於戰爭局勢中的人們、受氣候變化影響的人們、依賴聯合國大幅削減糧食援助的人們、依賴聯合國提供醫療衛生服務的人們，甚至是處於長期衝突中的人們。

This isn't just about the most acute crisis, but also those who have been relying on aid for many, many years and now being put in extreme difficulty.

這不僅涉及最嚴重的危機，也涉及那些多年來一直依賴援助、現在卻陷入極端困難的人們。

And no certainty that this is going to change anytime soon.

而且這種情況不一定會很快改變。

But in a recent article, you argued that this was a predictable crisis.

但在最近的一篇文章中，您認為這是一場可以預見的危機。

Well, I think we've seen the greatest hit to funding this year, but this has been something that's been building for the last few years.

我認為，今年的資金受到的衝擊最大，但這是過去幾年一直在積累的。

The Trump administration's cut in aid has been the one that's grabbed the headlines.

特朗普政府削減援助一直是頭條新聞。

But if you look over the last few years, it's been the various other governments, the U.K.,

但如果你看看過去幾年的情況，那就是英國等其他國家的政府、

Germany, France, many others that have cut aid.

德國、法國和許多其他國家都削減了援助。

是以，真正的援助高峰要追溯到 2023 年。

And so what we're seeing is an acceleration of that trend and the drying up of foreign aid. And it's not going to end anytime soon.

是以，我們看到的是這一趨勢的加速和外國援助的枯竭。而且這種趨勢不會很快結束。

I think the predictions, there's reports out today predicting that humanitarian funding could fall as much as 50 percent by next year.

我認為，今天有報告預測，到明年，人道主義資金可能會減少多達 50%。

And so we're looking at half the level of humanitarian aid that we saw only a few years ago. This is a massive, massive shock to the aid system.

是以，我們看到的人道主義援助只有幾年前的一半。這對援助系統是一個巨大的衝擊。

This is putting it back 10 years in terms of the kind of assistance that's being provided.

就提供的援助種類而言，這要倒退 10 年。

And it's still sending shockwaves through the humanitarian aid system, which is only grappling about the consequences and how it can deal with the situation.

目前，人道主義援助系統仍在承受著巨大的衝擊。

What's the reason for these funding cuts?

aside, it's a different animal in that sense.

從這個意義上說，這是一種不同的動物。

But but other countries have, of course, also slashed contributions.

當然，其他國家也削減了捐款。

Why? Well, I think the political situation has changed.

為什麼？我認為政治形勢已經發生了變化。

I think people in many countries that have been traditional donors of aid and remember that it's very much concentrated in the U.S., Europe that make up the large proportion of aid around the world. And the political situation has changed in these countries.

我認為，許多國家的人民都是傳統的援助捐贈者，他們還記得，全球大部分援助都集中在美國和歐洲。而這些國家的政治局勢已經發生了變化。

And I think there's a clear sense of people saying, you know, our problems come first and those people abroad come second.

我認為，人們有一種明確的意識：你知道，我們的問題是第一位的，國外的人是第二位的。

And populist politics has been on the rise.

是以，你們看到了情緒的轉變。

And again, this hasn't just happened overnight.

同樣，這也不是一朝一夕的事。

This is something that's been growing in the different politics around the world and how elections have changed that.

這一點在世界各地的不同政治中都有所體現，而選舉又是如何改變這一點的。

There's clearly been shifts in geopolitical situation as well.

地緣政治局勢顯然也發生了變化。

This is very much the reason that the U.K.

government gave the shift in their reductions in aid.

政府在削減援助時給予了轉移。

They clearly made a straight exchange for cutting aid and giving to defense spending.

顯然，他們直接換取了削減援助和國防開支。

And more generally in relation to the U.N., which is seeing a general erosion of support for multilateral institutions such as the U.N.

更廣泛地說，與聯合國有關的是，對聯合國等多邊機構的支持正在普遍減弱。

and a very much a kind of transactional view of international relations.

以及一種非常交易性的國際關係觀。

And this has just relegated foreign aid down the list of priorities, unfortunately.

不幸的是，這使得對外援助在優先事項清單上被降級。

To what extent would you say that this crisis is one of the U.N.'s own making?

您認為這場危機在多大程度上是聯合國自己造成的？

So typically in these situations, when the funding drops, everyone suddenly starts questioning, well, actually, foreign aid doesn't work.

是以，通常在這種情況下，當資金減少時，每個人都會突然開始質疑，其實外援並不起作用。

And there's been many people criticizing it.

and saying, well, actually, it's the U.N.'s fault.

並說，實際上，這是聯合國的錯。

I think that's a bit of a simplistic way of looking at it.

我覺得這樣看問題有點簡單化了。

I think what has prompted this has been a shift, as I was saying, that has reduced levels of funding, has reduced levels of support.

我認為，正如我所說的那樣，導致這種情況發生的原因是資金減少、支持減少。

That said, it has brought some hard truths to the U.N.

儘管如此，它還是給聯合國帶來了一些嚴峻的事實。

that has failed to reform over many years.

There's been clear signs as to the way the organization has been dysfunctional about the way that it's worked in many ways.

有明顯跡象表明，該組織在許多方面的工作方式都存在功能失調。

And many of these problems could have been addressed earlier.

而其中許多問題本可以更早地得到解決。

And so they're being brought to the fore now.

是以，它們現在被提到了檯面上。

And so there's a lot of criticism and saying, well, why weren't these situations dealt with before? And I think on the one hand, this is true.

是以，有很多人責備說，為什麼以前不處理這些情況？我認為，一方面，這是事實。

But we also need to see this now as an opportunity.

但是，我們也需要將現在的情況視為一個機會。

There's an opportunity now to really change the organization, which won't address however much it reforms, it still won't address the funding cuts.

現在有機會真正改變組織，但無論如何改革，都無法解決資金削減問題。

That's what's really putting lives at risk.

But it can make the organization more efficient, more effective and begin to gain its kind of role in the world again.

但它可以使組織更有效率、更有效力，並重新開始在世界上發揮自己的作用。

How can the U.N. be restructured and reformed and, you know, made more efficient maybe in order to stay relevant and carry out the work it was created to do?

聯合國如何進行結構調整和改革，如何提高效率，以保持其相關性並開展其創立之初的工作？

So on the one hand, the U.N. is made up by member states.

是以，一方面，聯合國是由會員國組成的。

是以，聯合國的改革意義重大。

in terms of the Security Council that has increasingly failed to deal with many crises around the world. We've seen it again with Gaza, Iran now again and many other crises.

安全理事會越來越無法處理世界各地的許多危機。我們在加沙、伊朗和其他許多危機中再次看到了這一點。

但聯合國是一個由機構組成的系統。

They can also be reformed to become more effective.

它們也可以通過改革變得更加有效。

The Secretary General launched earlier this year in March something called U.N.

今年 3 月初，祕書長髮起了一項名為 "聯合國 "的活動。

80 to coincide with the 80th anniversary of the world body.

80，以配合該世界機構成立 80 週年。

And this is attempting to bring about a more efficient and more effective organization.

這樣做的目的是提高組織的效率和效力。

So some of the proposals being made are moving many parts of the U.N.

是以，目前提出的一些建議正在推動聯合國許多部門的工作。

from New York, from Geneva to other places in the world, cutting staff, reducing workforces, looking at more common services.

從紐約、日內瓦到世界其他地方，裁員、減少工作人員、尋求更多的共同服務。

And then eventually they're having proposals for the restructuring wholesale of the organization in terms of actually merging different parts of the U.N.

最終，他們提出了全面重組聯合國的建議，將聯合國的不同部門合併。

And I think many people will see that also as welcome.

我想很多人也會對此表示歡迎。

So there's a lot that could be done to make it much more efficient and effective.

是以，有很多事情可以做，使其更加高效和有效。

Bottom line then, would you say that this could be a blessing in disguise for the U.N.?

總之，你認為這對聯合國來說是不幸中的萬幸嗎？

A blessing in disguise in a way, but quite a difficult pill to swallow, if we could put it like that.

從某種程度上說，這是不幸中的萬幸，但也是難以下嚥的苦果，如果可以這樣說的話。

I mean, it's it's it cannot be underlined quite how much of a financial impact these cuts in foreign aid are causing the organization.

我的意思是，削減對外援助對該組織的財政影響有多大，這一點是無法強調的。

We're talking about 30 percent cuts to large organizations laying off thousands of staff.

我們說的是裁員 30%，大型機構裁員數千人。

So in that sense, it's a bit of a brutal reality in the way in which it's being conducted in a very arbitrary way, a very forced way, particularly the withdrawal of U.S.

是以，從這個意義上說，以一種非常武斷的方式，一種非常被迫的方式，特別是美國的撤軍，來進行這場戰爭，就有點像殘酷的現實。

funding. At the same time, it hopefully will be a wake up call to the organization really to reform itself, to look at some of these issues that have been longstanding about how it hasn't been the most efficient and effective organization in that sense.

資金。同時，希望這也能喚醒該組織真正進行自我改革，審視一些長期存在的問題，從這個意義上講，它並不是一個最有效率和最有成效的組織。

Yeah, this could be seen as an opportunity to bring about quite fundamental changes to the organization.

是的，這可以看作是給組織帶來根本性變革的一個機會。

Damian Lilly, thank you so much for sharing your expertise with us today.

達米安-莉莉，非常感謝你今天與我們分享你的專業知識。