Name: 中東戰火引爆海運大亂！馬士基執行長曝「深遠衝擊」？BBC新聞 (Disruption caused by Middle East war has a 'profound impact' on shipping -Maersk’s boss | BBC News)
Uploaded: 2026-03-11T16:40:37.000Z
Duration: 8 min 57 s

There is no doubt that the last 10 days have had a profound impact on our business.

毫無疑問，過去這十天對我們的商業造成了深遠的影響。

And I can break it down in, in three waves.

我可以把它抽成三個階段來說明。

情態副詞

The first one obviously started already on, on Saturday when we realized that this war had started and it was about securing our colleagues, securing our assets, securing our facilities across the region.

第一個階段很明顯是從週六就開始了，當時我們意識到這場戰爭已經開打，首要任務是確保我們在各地區的同事、資產和設施的安全。

The second wave, of course, is with the closing of the Strait of Hormuz, was to figure out what is all the cargo in transit, what is going to happen to it.

第二個階段，當然就是隨著荷姆茲海峽的關閉，我們必須弄清楚所有運輸中的貨物，以及它們將會如何。

And we do about 40,000 containers in and out of the Gulf every week.

我們每週大約有四萬個貨櫃進出波斯灣。

所以這些貨物會堆積得非常快。

And there is very limited areas where you can stage that much cargo.

而且能停放這麼多貨物的區域非常有限。

You get a lot of questions from customers about what's going to happen with their cargo.

你會收到客戶很多關於他們貨物將會如何的詢問。

You have a lot of perishable goods, foodstuff that absolutely needs to move or risks getting spoiled.

你有很多易腐壞的貨品，像是食物，這些絕對需要運送，否則就有變質的風險。

So you go into a lot of the contingency for what needs to happen to here.

所以你會需要準備很多應變計畫，來處理接下來會發生的事情。

And this led ultimately to us having to stop acceptance until the strait opens again.

這最終導致我們必須暫停接收，直到海峽再次開放。

Then the third wave is the one that we're starting to deal with right now and is that for the first time in a very long time, at least in living memory, the Strait of Hormuz is closed.

而第三波，就是我們現在正在處理的，而且是我們有生之年，至少在有記憶以來，荷姆茲海峽是關閉的。

And it means that we are seeing important dislocation in the energy markets.

這意味著我們看到能源市場出現嚴重的錯位。

And we are obviously an energy intensive industry.

而我們顯然是一個能源密集型產業。

We need a lot of oil to power our network.

我們需要大量的石油來為我們的網絡供電。

And we're starting to see important dislocation across the globe with facilities in the Middle east and in the Far east having some constraint looming about availability of fuel.

我們開始看到全球各地出現嚴重的錯位，中東和遠東的設施面臨燃料供應的限制。

Now we need to actually step in and take on a logistics role in bringing that fuel where it's going to be needed so that we don't take risks of having parts of our network coming to a halt.

現在我們需要實際介入，承擔物流的角色，將燃料運送到需要的地方，這樣我們才不會冒著部分網絡停擺的風險。

And it's not just the Strait of Hormuz that's been disrupted where cargo vessels are no longer flowing.

而不只是荷姆茲海峽受到幹擾，貨櫃船隻不再流通。

It's also the Red Sea route through the Suez Canal.

還有經過蘇伊士運河的紅海航線。

It's just a few weeks since you resumed shipping that way after a two year absence.

你們在缺席兩年後，才幾週前才恢復那條航線。

How disruptive is that to supply chains beyond the Middle east as well?

這對中東以外的供應鏈又有多少影響呢？

I mean, obviously this going back and forth between the Red Sea and Suez is extremely disruptive for, for many customers because ships take longer time to arrive to port, meaning that suddenly for a few weeks you don't have a ship coming because it took a different route and it's longer.

我是說，紅海和蘇伊士之間的來回運輸，對很多客戶來說確實非常擾亂，因為船隻抵達港口的時間變長了，這意味著突然有幾週沒有船隻抵達，因為它們走了另一條更長的路線。

And so our customers don't get their weekly injection of goods in their distribution centers so that this can have some important impact on their ability to supply their different products to their different customers, timely and without interruption.

所以我們的客戶無法在他們的配送中心獲得每週的貨物補給，這可能會對他們及時、不間斷地向不同客戶供應不同產品的能力產生一些重大影響。

So this is something that we're taking very seriously.

But that's an impact you're already seeing, though, some of your customers already saying to you, we need our goods, we need to get stuff moving.

但這已經是你們已經看到的影響了，對吧？有些客戶已經跟你們說，我們需要我們的貨物，我們需要讓東西動起來。

I think this, that's mostly the case in the Middle east so far, because it has shut down.

我認為到目前為止，這主要發生在中東地區，因為那裡已經停擺了。

And as I mentioned, this is an area that is heavily reliant on import of foodstuff to feed the population.

而且正如我提到的，這是一個嚴重依賴進口食物來餵養人口的地區。

And having suddenly ports being closed both on the Red Sea and the Hormu Strait is creating a lot of logistical challenges to keep the food moving into these areas and make sure that it continues to be on the shelves of supermarkets around the region and just lay out the dangers for us.

而紅海和荷姆茲海峽的港口突然關閉，給將食物運入這些地區並確保超市貨架上持續有貨帶來了許多物流挑戰，並向我們闡述了潛在的危險。

If some of your ships did try to navigate these passages, the Strait of Hormuz or the Red Sea route, what is it that you are concerned about?

如果有些船試圖通過這些通道，像是荷姆茲海峽或紅海航線，你們會擔心什麼呢？

I think, you know, with the experience that we have had in the Red Sea with the attack by drones from, from the Houthis towards international transits there, I think we have, we have learned an important lesson, which is that you don't need very sophisticated naval capabilities.

我想，你知道，從我們在紅海的經驗來看，葉門胡塞武裝組織對國際運輸發動了無人機攻擊，我想我們學到了一個重要的教訓，那就是你不需要非常複雜的海軍能力。

You need to have sufficient drones that you can try to overwhelm the defence that those ships can have from the escorts that they might have.

你只需要有足夠的無人機，就可以試圖壓倒船隻護衛隊的防禦能力。

And so for us, the concern, the main concern is the safety of our crews, is the safety of our assets.

所以對我們來說，最主要的擔憂是船員的安全，是我們資產的安全。

And as long as there are significant drone capabilities, no assurance of a truce, then it's very hard for us to put our colleagues and our ship in harm's way and risk having an attack be successful and create damage or loss of life in the process.

只要有足夠的無人機能力，又沒有停火的保證，我們就很難讓我們的同事和船隻冒險，冒著攻擊成功並造成損害或生命損失的風險。

We know from the International Maritime Organization that at least seven seafarers have been killed in the region already.

我們從國際海事組織得知，該地區已經有至少七名海員喪生。

What are you doing to protect them and to look after your crews that are on board?

你們正在採取什麼措施來保護牠們，以及照顧船上的船員呢？

That is a very important question for us.

這對我們來說是一個非常重要的問題。

Normally, when you have a situation like this, you direct your ships to go to a safe harbor.

通常，遇到這種情況，你會引導船隻前往安全港口。

Unfortunately, in this war, ports have been targeted as a strategic asset as part of the war effort.

但很可惜，在這場戰爭中，港口被視為戰爭努力的一部分，成為了戰略資產。

And therefore, the harbor is actually less safe than staying in the sea.

是以，港口實際上比待在海上還要危險。

And so today our ships are actually in the middle of the sea because this is, for now, the safest place for them to be.

所以今天我們的船隻其實都待在海上，因為目前來說，那裡是牠們最安全的地方。

But we are consistently monitoring also how this, how the situation evolves.

但我們也會持續關注情況如何演變。

And, Vincent, one of the big fallouts from this conflict in Iran and the wider region has been A surge in oil prices.

而且，Vincent，伊朗和周邊地區這場衝突引發的重大後果之一，就是油價飆升。

It's certainly on the mind of President Trump and a lot of people around the world.

這絕對是川普總統和全世界許多人的心頭大事。

Just explain what is the impact for Maersk as a company, and

請解釋一下這對馬士基這家公司有什麼影響，

do you have to pass on extra charges to your customers?

你們是否必須將額外費用轉嫁給客戶？

And does that ultimately end up being paid by the consumers who are buying the goods that are on those ships of yours?

最終這些費用是不是由購買你們船上貨物的消費者來支付呢？

So I would break this into two buckets of cost.

所以，我會把這個成本抽成兩部分。

One is the cost of the fuel itself, which has, as you mentioned, shot up as a result of the war.

一是燃料本身的成本，就像你說的，因為這場戰爭而飆升。

Some of it is stuck in the upper Gulf and has a hard time getting to market.

有些被困在波斯灣上游，很難運送到市場。

And of course, as supply tightens and demand continues unabated, then you see these effects on prices.

當然，隨著供應收緊而需求持續不減，你就會看到這些對價格的影響。

We have traditional contracting mechanism that pass on this fuel fluctuation, whether they go up or they go down onto the customers.

我們有傳統的合約機制，會將燃料的漲跌轉嫁給客戶。

So what it means is that ultimately in this case, these increases will pass to our customers and will pass on to the consumers.

所以這意味著，最終在這方面，這些增加的費用將轉嫁給我們的客戶，再轉嫁給消費者。

But on top of that, we have key dislocations today because the oil market is not just a global market.

但除此之外，我們今天還有關鍵的錯位，因為石油市場不僅僅是一個全球市場。

Actually, the oil from the Gulf is primarily distributed in the Middle east and, and

其實，來自波斯灣的石油主要分佈在中東地區，

And what you're seeing is already appear some concerns about levels of inventory in places in the Far east, in South Asia and in the Middle east, where we're having some concerns for weeks down the road being simply able to get the fuel that we need, irrespective of the price, because there is enough fuel in the world, but

而且你已經看到一些對遠東、南亞和中東地區庫存水準的擔憂，我們擔心接下來幾週可能根本無法獲得所需的燃料，不管價格如何，因為世界上有足夠的燃料，

not necessarily always in the same places.

Another option that's being discussed by President Trump and President Macron is the idea that there could be some kind of Navy escort to get ships through the Strait of Hormuz and perhaps even the Red Sea.

川普總統和馬克宏總統正在討論的另一個選項是，也許會有海軍護航，讓船隻通過荷姆茲海峽，甚至可能還有紅海。

你認為這是一個可行的想法嗎？

So I'm not, I'm not a military person, so I don't know how feasible it is, but

所以，我不是軍事人員，所以我不知道它有多可行，但是

Certainly that would, that would contribute to opening up trade again.

當然，這將有助於再次開放貿易。

We would need, I guess, significant escorts and significant capacity from the Navy in order to guarantee safety through the Strait of Hormuz.

我猜，我們需要海軍提供可觀的護航和龐大的運能，才能確保荷姆茲海峽的安全。

But if that protection was effective and allowed us to transit safely, then of course this would be at least a temporary reprieve that would allow us to move ships and cargo in and out of the Gulf for as long as that protection is effective.

但如果保護措施有效，讓我們能安全運輸，那當然至少能暫時緩解，讓我們在保護措施有效期間，能將船隻和貨物進出波斯灣。

Do you think it's a solution that would just do to get out the ships that are stuck in the Gulf or Is it something that could potentially be used on an ongoing basis to keep traffic moving both ways?

你認為這只是讓波斯灣裡的船隻脫困的方法，還是可以持續運作，讓雙向交通都能順暢？

Again, it will depend on how effective and safe this is.

再說一次，這取決於它的有效性和安全性。

If this is extremely effective, obviously, and

the US and other nations are willing to commit assets for the long run, it can be a solution that can work for a longer period.

美國和其他國家願意長期投入資產，這就能成為一個能長期運作的解決方案。

I have personally a hard time seeing, though, that this is the permanent solution to the situation, because the traffic is very important, the strait is very narrow, and

不過，我個人很難認為這是永久的解決方案，因為交通非常重要，海峽非常狹窄，而且

it seems like something that can provide temporary relief, maybe a long, temporary relief, but

這似乎只能提供暫時的緩解，或許是長期的暫時緩解，但

that ultimately we need to get back to something where freedom of navigation and peaceful navigation is restored, and

最終我們還是需要恢復航行自由和和平航行，

that will depend on some kind of deal between the two sides in that war.

這將取決於戰爭雙方達成某種協議。

字幕列表影片播放

中東戰火引爆海運大亂！馬士基執行長曝「深遠衝擊」？BBC新聞 (Disruption caused by Middle East war has a 'profound impact' on shipping -Maersk’s boss | BBC News)

ultimately

stick

significant

extremely