Name: 【國際時事】中美貿易協定全解析：誰真正佔了上風？ (The US-China Trade Deal Explained)
Uploaded: 2025-10-31T15:17:31.000Z
Duration: 8 min 44 s

If you listen to Trump, you wouldn't know that China and America are superpower rivals locked in a furious trade war.

如果你聽川普的說法，你可能不知道中美其實是超級大國對手，正陷入激烈的貿易戰。

副詞型分詞構句

Ahead of Thursday's much-anticipated meeting in South Korea, with a fragile trade truce teetering,

在週四備受期待的韓國會晤之前，脆弱的貿易休戰岌岌可危，

Trump hailed Xi Jinping as a great leader of a great country.

川普卻稱讚習近平是偉大國家的偉大領導人。

and after the meeting, having agreed to a one-year trade deal, told reporters that quote, "On a scale of 0 to 10, with 10 being the best, the meeting was a 12."

會後，在雙方同意一項為期一年的貿易協定後，川普告訴記者，引用他的話說：「如果以0到10分衡量，10分為最好，這次會議是12分。」

So in this video, we thought we'd take a look at this new China-US Trade deal and whether it lives up to Trump's rhetorical enthusiasm.

所以在這支影片中，我們想看看這份新的中美貿易協定，以及它是否真的像川普所說的那樣令人振奮。

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訂閱並點擊小鈴鐺，永遠不錯過最新一集，隨時掌握資訊。

So let's start with a quick recap of where we were going into the meeting.

那我們先快速回顧會議前的情況。

Throughout both Trump's first term and Biden's term, the US imposed a series of tariffs on China,

在川普第一任期及拜登任期期間，美國對中國實施了一系列關稅，

which took the average tariff rate up to about 20%.

China responded with its own tariffs, taking the average rate on US imports up to about 20% as well.

中國則以自己的關稅回應，使美國進口商品的平均關稅率也達到約20%。

However, things escalated dramatically on Trump's so-called Liberation Day on April 2nd,

然而，事情在川普所謂的「解放日」4月2日急劇升級，

when Trump announced sweeping tariffs on basically every country, including a 34% flat tariff on China.

當時川普宣布對幾乎所有國家徵收全面關稅，包括對中國實施34%的固定關稅。

China retaliated by matching Trump's tariff rate, sparking a tit for tat trade war that climaxed with the US imposing a 145% tariff on China,

中國以相同關稅率回應川普，激發了一場你來我往的貿易戰，美國最終對中國實施145%的關稅，

and China imposing a 125% tariff on the US.

China also imposed an unofficial embargo on American soybean imports,

中國還對美國大豆進口實施非正式禁運，

which has since become a big issue for American soybean farmers,

這成為美國大豆農民的一大問題，

as well as additional restrictions on certain rare earth elements.

並對某些稀土元素施加額外限制。

For context, rare earth elements are needed for a number of advanced technologies and China dominates across the entire supply chain.

作為背景，稀土元素是許多先進技術所需，而中國在整個供應鏈中佔主導地位。

China framed its restrictions as a symmetrical retaliation against America's export restrictions on advanced chips going into China,

中國將其限制措施框定為對美國先前出口限制先進芯片的對稱報復，

which began under Biden but were expanded by the Trump administration.

這些限制始於拜登時期，但在川普政府下擴大了範圍。

On May 12, after negotiations in Geneva, the two sides agreed to a 90-day trade truce,

5月12日，在日內瓦談判後，雙方同意了為期90天的貿易休戰，

with the US reducing its flat tariff rate to 30% and China reducing its flat tariff rate to 10%.

美國將固定關稅率降至30%，中國將固定關稅率降至10%。

According to analysis by the Pearson Institute for International Economics,

根據皮爾遜國際經濟研究所的分析，

these flat tariffs took America's average tariff on Chinese goods to about 58% and China's average tariff on US goods to 33%.

這些固定關稅使美國對中國商品的平均關稅約為58%，中國對美國商品的平均關稅約為33%。

After a series of bilateral discussions in London, Stockholm and Madrid,

在倫敦、斯德哥爾摩和馬德里進行一系列雙邊會談後，

China agreed to lift restrictions on rare earths; the US agreed to relax restrictions on chip exports,

中國同意取消稀土限制；美國同意放寬芯片出口限制，

and both sides agreed to extend the so-called tariff truce.

雙方也同意延長所謂的關稅休戰。

That was until earlier this month when the trade war suddenly escalated once again.

直到本月初，貿易戰又突然升級。

The proximate cause of this seems to have been a decision by the US Commerce Department to adopt what's become known as the 50% rule,

這次升級的直接原因似乎是美國商務部採取了所謂的50%規則，

which expands trade restrictions on certain sanctioned companies to smaller companies that are at least 50% owned by one or more of these sanctioned companies.

將對特定受制裁公司的貿易限制擴展至至少50%被這些受制裁公司持股的小型公司。

Because quite a lot of big Chinese companies are on these sanctions lists,

因為很多大型中國公司在這些制裁名單上，

and these big Chinese companies have stakes in lots of smaller Chinese companies.

而這些大型中國公司又持有許多小型中國公司的股份。

This new rule would have affected thousands of smaller Chinese companies that were never on the initial sanctions list.

這條新規將影響數千家原本不在初始制裁名單上的小型中國公司。

Beijing reacted by announcing a slew of new export restrictions

北京因此宣布了一系列新的出口限制

that would essentially require foreign companies to ask for Beijing's approval to export goods that contain even trace amounts of Chinese-sourced rare earth materials.

基本上要求外國公司若要出口含有哪怕微量中國來源稀土材料的商品，必須獲得北京批准。

And it's hard to overstate quite how broad these restrictions could be.

這些限制的廣泛程度很難誇大。

Basically, every advanced technology, including semiconductors and military jets,

基本上，每項先進技術，包括半導體和軍用飛機，

use Chinese-sourced rare earths, which means that Beijing would essentially get veto rights over the entire supply chain.

都使用中國來源的稀土，這意味著北京幾乎掌握整個供應鏈的否決權。

China also imposed port fees for US ships docking in Chinese ports, mirroring similar fees announced by the US back in April.

中國還對停靠中國港口的美國船隻徵收港口費，呼應美國在四月宣布的類似費用。

Trump was apparently blindsided by this and reacted by announcing a retaliatory 100% tariff from November 1st.

川普顯然被這突如其來的局勢震驚，並宣布自11月1日起實施報復性100%關稅。

This meant going into Thursday's meeting that the US had imposed effectively a 58% tariff on Chinese imports,

這意味著在週四會議前，美國對中國進口商品實際上已徵收約58%的平均關稅，

with the threat of an additional 100% flat tariff rate, as well as restrictions on semiconductor exports, port fees and the so-called 50% rule.

並威脅額外加徵100%的固定關稅，以及對半導體出口限制、港口費和所謂的50%規則。

For its part, China had imposed a 33% tariff on American imports, an embargo on American soybeans, port fees and restrictions on rare earths.

中國方面則徵收33%的美國進口商品關稅、對美大豆實施禁運、港口費及稀土限制。

At Thursday's meeting, though, most of these restrictions were lifted or relaxed.

然而在週四會議中，大部分這些限制被取消或放寬。

According to various reports, the US agreed to withdraw the so-called 50% rule, suspend port fees and essentially reduce its tariff rate by 10%,

據多方報導，美國同意撤銷所謂的50%規則，暫停港口費，並將關稅率實質降低約10%，

taking the average rate down to about 48%.

Trump also said that the two sides talked about relaxing semiconductor restrictions,

川普也表示，雙方討論了放寬半導體限制，

but nothing concrete was agreed and Trump implied that the relaxation wouldn't cover the most advanced chips.

但沒有達成具體協議，並暗示放寬可能不包括最先進的芯片。

For its part, China agreed to withdraw its rare earth restrictions, suspend port fees and resume buying American soybeans.

中國則同意取消稀土限制、暫停港口費，並恢復購買美國大豆。

Trump also posted on Truth Social that China had agreed to buy quote "American Energy,"

川普還在 Truth Social 上發文稱，中國同意購買「美國能源」，

although we didn't really get any details as to what this means.

In this respect, the deal looks quite a lot like the so-called Phase One trade deal agreed in Trump's first term,

在這方面，這份協議看起來很像川普第一任期達成的所謂「第一階段貿易協定」，

where China essentially agreed to buy hundreds of billions of dollars worth of American soybeans and LNG, albeit with far higher tariffs this time around.

當時中國基本上同意購買數千億美元的美國大豆和液化天然氣，雖然這次關稅更高。

China didn't actually follow through on its phase one commitments,

中國當時其實並未完全履行第一階段承諾，

but Trump might have more luck enforcing the deal this time around because it apparently has to be renewed annually.

但這次川普可能更容易執行協議，因為它需要每年續約。

Either way, this sort of deal suits both sides because they're a sort of tangible thing that's appreciated by both voters and the relative industries,

無論如何，這種協議對雙方都有利，因為對選民和相關產業都有實際益處，

While China doesn't mind because they don't really alter the overall balance of trade.

中國也不介意，因為這不會改變整體貿易平衡。

The US will continue to run massive trade deficits while China will continue to run massive trade surpluses, allowing China to maintain its industrial dominance.

美國將繼續保持巨額貿易赤字，而中國將持續貿易順差，使其保持工業優勢。

The only real con for China is the 47% average tariff rate is still pretty high by recent historical standards,

中國的唯一缺點是平均47%的關稅仍相對較高，按近代歷史標準來看，

although it's worth noting that Chinese exports to the US have held up alright,

但值得注意的是，中國對美出口表現仍良好，

and China's overall exports have continued to grow because China's been able to redirect these exports to other regions.

中國整體出口持續增長，因為中國能將這些出口轉向其他地區。

Interestingly, Trump has also said that while Taiwan didn't come up,

有趣的是，川普還表示，雖然沒有談到台灣，

he and Xi talked about Ukraine for a long time and quote, "We're both going to work together to see if we can get something."

但他和習近平長時間討論烏克蘭，並引用川普話說：「我們將共同努力看看能否有所進展。」

China is now Russia's largest trading partner and therefore one of the few countries with serious leverage over the Kremlin.

中國目前是俄羅斯最大的貿易夥伴，因此是少數對克里姆林宮具有重大影響力的國家之一。

As a final thing, while this deal does leave China worse off than the status quo, after all, a 47% tariff is still pretty massive.

最後，雖然這份協議讓中國處境比現狀略差，但畢竟47%的關稅仍相當高。

It's worth noting quite how scaled down Trump's China ambitions have become.

值得注意的是，川普對中國的雄心已大幅縮小。

At the start of his term, there was speculation about some sort of grand reordering of the global trading order,

在他任期初，曾有人猜測會有某種全球貿易秩序的重新排列，

or at least some sort of challenge to more structural economic issues like China's currency manipulation.

或至少對中國貨幣操縱等結構性經濟問題提出挑戰。

This obviously hasn't happened, and Trump has instead focused on more trivial issues like soybeans and port fees.

顯然這些並未發生，川普反而專注於較瑣碎的問題，如大豆和港口費。

If you're interested in learning more about this topic, there's plenty of other outlets reporting on it online.

如果你想了解更多這個議題，網路上有很多其他報導資源。

Or what about the sources you've grown to trust that are purposefully leaving out information?

或者那些你信任的消息來源故意隱瞞的訊息呢？

Thankfully, our sponsor this week, Ground News, are experts at lifting the veil on media bias.

幸運的是，本週的贊助商 Ground News 專精於揭露媒體偏見。

That's because Ground News is a website and app that gathers thousands of articles from across the world,

因為 Ground News 是一個網站和應用程式，收集全球數千篇文章，

expertly merging all different sides of political bias into one place, making it simple to see multiple perspectives on the same event.

將各種政治偏見整合到同一平台，讓你輕鬆看到同一事件的多個觀點。

In addition, every single story comes with a detailed view of the bias distribution, factuality scores,

每篇新聞還附有詳細的偏見分布、事實性評分，

For example, if we take this story on the recent trade deal, you can see that there are 166 sources reporting on it,

例如，如果我們看這篇關於近期貿易協議的報導，你會看到有166個來源報導此事，

And if we delve a bit deeper, we can see that most of the coverage is coming from the left.

若深入分析，你會發現大部分報導來自左派媒體。

While it would normally be overwhelming to sift through thousands of articles to find out how they're being reported differently by either side,

通常要篩選數千篇文章，看雙方如何不同報導是很費力的，

Ground News offers a handy bias comparison feature where you can do this with a click of a button.

而 Ground News 提供方便的偏見比較功能，只需一鍵就能完成。

For instance, if we go back to that story on the trade deal, we're able to learn that the left is framing it with skeptical caution;

例如回到貿易協議這個故事，我們可以看到左派以懷疑的謹慎態度報導；

while the right is more triumphant talking up Trump's huge successes.

而右派則較為得意，強調川普的巨大成功。

For stories that have been disproportionately covered by one side of the political spectrum or the other,

對於那些被某一政治光譜過度報導的新聞，

their aptly named Blindspot feed puts all of those into one place to help you stay grounded and informed.

其名為 Blindspot 的功能會將所有此類新聞集中，幫助你保持客觀並獲得完整資訊。

So if you want to begin questioning the narrative instead of just consuming it,

所以如果你想開始質疑新聞敘事，而不只是被動接受，

you can get started today as we're partnering with Ground News to offer you 40% off their unlimited Access Vantage plan.

你可以立即開始，我們與 Ground News 合作，提供他們的無限 Access Vantage 計畫四折優惠。

Just subscribe through the link in the description or scan the QR code on screen.

只需透過說明欄中的連結訂閱，或掃描螢幕上的 QR 碼。

And you'll be supporting an independent news platform working to make the media landscape more transparent.

同時，你也將支持一個致力於讓媒體環境更透明的獨立新聞平台。