Name: 川普：將採取替代措施實施新關稅 | DW 新聞 (Trump: Alternatives will be used to impose new tariffs | DW News)
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US President Donald Trump wants to impose a 10% global tariff on America's trading partners after the Supreme Court struck out most of his previous levies as illegal.

美國總統 Donald Trump 在最高法院裁決他先前大部分的關稅違法後，想對美國的貿易夥伴徵收 10% 的全球關稅。

進階被動語態

Trump said the 6 to 3 ruling left him deeply disappointed and accused the Supreme Court of being swayed by foreign interests.

Trump 表示，這項 6 比 3 的裁決讓他非常失望，並指責最高法院受到外國利益的影響。

關係子句

The president has vowed to deploy new methods to impose tariffs that will not require approval, including a sweeping new duty in all foreign trading partners ability to both regulate trade and impose tariffs.

總統發誓要部署新的方法來徵收關稅，這些方法不需要準許，包括對所有外國貿易夥伴管理貿易和徵收關稅的能力實施全面新關稅。

Michael Komodowski joins me now from Washington.

Michael Komodowski 現在從華盛頓加入我們。

Misha, you have been following this story throughout the day.

Misha，你今天一直在追蹤這則報導。

As expected, this decision did not sit well with the president.

正如預期，這個決定並沒有讓總統感到高興。

What else did he say at the press briefing?

President Trump lashed out after the Supreme Court blocked his emergency law tariffs.

Trump 總統在最高法院阻止了他的緊急關稅法後勃然大怒。

And now he plans to sign an executive order imposing a 10% tariff on all countries replacing the tariffs that were struck down.

而現在他計畫簽署行政命令，對所有國家徵收 10% 的關稅，以取代被駁回的關稅。

Praised the conservative justices who dissented, Thomas, Alito and Kavanaugh, as brave and pro America.

他讚揚了持不同意見的保守派大法官 Thomas、Alito 和 Kavanaugh，稱他們勇敢且支持美國。

At the same time, he blasted the Supreme Court majority as partisan and unpatriotic and even said that their families should be ashamed.

同時，他抨擊最高法院多數意見黨派色彩濃厚且不愛國，甚至說他們的家人應該感到羞恥。

The president added that they are bowing to political pressure and foreign interests and announced he will not stop.

總統補充說，他們向政治壓力與外國利益低頭，並宣佈他不會停止。

Foreign countries that have been ripping us off for years are ecstatic.

多年來一直在佔我們便宜的國家們都欣喜若狂。

They're so happy and they're dancing in the streets.

他們非常高興，正在街上跳舞。

But they won't be dancing for long, that I can assure you.

但我向你保證，他們的舞步不會持續太久。

But other alternatives will now be used to replace the ones that the court incorrectly rejected.

但現在將會採用其他替代方案，來取代法院錯誤駁回的那些。

What alternatives does he really have and how wide reaching would they be?

他到底有什麼替代方案，又會有多廣泛呢？

Well, again, President Trump announced plans to impose these 10% global tariffs under Section 122 in addition to existing tariffs.

不過，川普總統又宣佈計畫，要根據第122條款，在現有關稅之外，再徵收這10%的全球關稅。

The US has never used this authority before and the tariffs are scheduled to start next week.

美國從來沒有動用過這個權力，這些關稅預計下週開始實施。

This section 122 gives the President the power to put a tariff on imports up to 15% for up to 150 days.

第122條款賦予總統權力，可以對進口商品徵收最高15%的關稅，為期最多150天。

It's meant to help if the United States is losing too much money in trade with other countries or if the dollar is in trouble after 150 days, the president needs congressional approval to keep the tariffs going and that's in question.

這項措施是為了在美國與其他國家貿易損失過多，或美元出現問題時提供幫助。150天後，總統需要國會準許才能繼續徵收關稅，而這點是有疑慮的。

Now, has Trump offered any explanation on how he plans to handle the hundreds of billions of dollars already collected under these tariffs that have now been ruled unlawful?

那麼，川普總統有沒有解釋他打算如何處理這些已經徵收、但現在被裁定為不合法的關稅所收取的數千億美元呢？

The administration did not lay out a clear settled plan for what happens to the money already collected.

政府並沒有提出一個明確的計畫，說明已經收取的款項將如何處理。

President Trump says tariff refunds issue could end in court for years and years and The Supreme Court majority opinion did not specify what should happen to the more than roughly $130 billion already collected.

川普總統說，關稅退款問題可能會在法院纏訟多年，而最高法院的多數意見也沒有明確說明，對於已經收取的約1300億美元以上款項應該如何處理。

And mind you, this number is not settled.

而且請注意，這個數字還沒確定。

So leaves their refund question quite open.

所以，他們的退款問題就變得相當懸而未決。

The National Retail Federation here in the United States and the major anti tariff coalition are both calling for full fast and automatic refunds.

美國全國零售聯合會以及主要的抗關稅聯盟都呼籲要全面、快速且自動退款。

所以，我們可以預期會有更多的訴訟。

Washington correspondent Michael Kurodowski, thank you so much for your coverage today.

華盛頓特派記者 Michael Kurodowski，非常感謝您今天的報導。

We want to take a closer look now at these developments and what they mean for international trade.

我們現在要更仔細地看看這些發展，以及它們對國際貿易意味著什麼。

He heads the advisory firm the Chartered Institute of Export and International International Trade.

他領導著一家顧問公司，名為特許出口與國際貿易協會。

One set of tariffs is ruled illegal, another is slapped right on.

一套關稅被裁定為非法，另一套則被立即實施。

How is this 10% different from the so called Liberation Day levies?

這 10% 的關稅和所謂的「解放日關稅」有什麼不同？

Well, it's a, it's a different nuance and it's more wide ranging and it's short term.

嗯，這是一種不同的細微差別，而且範圍更廣，時間也比較短。

The Liberation Day tariffs were meant to be for until they were negotiated away.

解放日關稅原本是為了談判解決為止。

These tariffs, the 10%, are for a maximum of 150 days.

這 10% 的關稅最多隻能維持 150 天。

But I think what we're going to see now is a very muscular approach to negotiation by the Trump administration with third countries because they're going to launch now a series of trade investigations with a threat of much higher tariffs under the rules that the Supreme Court have said are legal.

但我認為，川普政府現在將會採取非常強硬的談判方式來對付第三國，因為他們將會根據最高法院認為合法的規則，啟動一系列貿易調查，並威脅要徵收更高的關稅。

In layman's terms, what will all of this mean for global trade?

用簡單的話來說，這一切對全球貿易意味著什麼？

The reality is we are going, we're seeing a continuation of what's been happening to global trade for the past three or four years.

事實上，我們正在看到過去三四年來全球貿易持續發生的情況。

Ongoing instability, uncertainty and disruption, which means price pressures for the consumers and the risk of availability and the shrinkflation for people on the shelves.

持續的不穩定、不確定性和混亂，這意味著消費者面臨價格壓力，以及貨架上商品的供應風險和縮水式通膨。

This is just another reason for businesses, particularly those in the eu, to look at a multi source, multi market approach.

這只是另一個理由，讓企業，特別是歐盟的企業，考慮採取多來源、多市場的策略。

We cannot be dependent on a single supply chain or a single nation and we cannot be dependent on a single nation as our marketplace.

我們不能依賴單一供應鏈或單一國家，也不能依賴單一國家作為我們的市場。

Now that these old tariffs have been declared illegal, can importers reclaim the duties they paid since April of last year?

既然這些舊關稅已被宣佈為非法，進口商是否可以追回自去年四月以來支付的關稅？

Yes, but, and that's the problem with so much in international trade.

是的，但這就是國際貿易中很多事情的問題所在。

So yes, they should be entitled to reclaim what has been judged to be illegal tariff payments.

所以是的，他們應該有權追回那些被判定為非法的關稅支付。

However, the process for doing that and the fact that this is going to be tied up now in a whole bureaucratic process means that there's no clarity on this.

然而，要做到這一點的過程，以及這將被一個龐大的官僚程序所牽連的事實，意味著沒有明確的答案。

And I think the best thing that companies can do is to hold fast and wait until a little bit more clarity comes because it's very obvious that what President Trump is trying to do is to disrupt global supply chains to disrupt the global multilateral order and impose an America first program of activities.

我認為公司能做的最好的事情就是堅持下去，等到有更多明確的訓示出來，因為很明顯，美國總統 Donald Trump 試圖做的是擾亂全球供應鏈、擾亂全球多邊秩序，並推行「美國優先」的活動計畫。

We've seen businesses facing uncertainty.

我們看到了企業面臨不確定性。

And as a result, big businesses, companies like Stellantis and others, have made decisions to invest in the US to build their capabilities in the US because of these original set of tariffs.

是以，像 Stellantis 等大公司，因為這些最初的關稅，已經決定投資美國，並在美國建立他們的生產能力。

And I'm certain that President Trump and the administration in Washington have no intent on leaving, taking their foot off the pedal, releasing the pressure, because they want more of that type of investment in the US to grow the manufacturing base in the US So do you think it's actually paying off?

而且我確定，美國總統 Donald Trump 和華盛頓的政府不會罷手，不會鬆懈，不會減輕壓力，因為他們希望看到更多這類型的投資進入美國，以壯大美國的製造業基礎。所以你認為這真的有成效嗎？

Because the intent of these tariffs under the America first umbrella was the revival of American manufacturing?

因為這些關稅在「美國優先」的傘下，其目的是為了復興美國的製造業嗎？

Well, first, we've seen billions being generated as a result of the tariffs.

嗯，首先，我們看到這些關稅已經產生了數十億美元的收益。

We have seen huge announcements from companies like Stellantis, Roche and others that they are going to invest significantly to grow manufacturing capability in the U.S.

我們看到像 Stellantis、Roche 等公司做出了重大宣佈，表示他們將大力投資以擴大美國的製造能力。

but the, the transition between what have been decades of decline in US Manufacturing and impact of those investment announcements, there's a lag.

但是，美國製造業數十年來的衰退與這些投資宣佈的影響之間的轉變，需要時間。

So what we've seen over the last quarter, in fact, last half a year, is a decline in U.S.

所以我們在上個季度，甚至過去半年，看到的是美國的

We've seen an increase in the trade deficit.

And these are factors that the Trump administration will be taking a long, hard look at as they seek to pursue that America first program.

而這些都是 Donald Trump 政府在尋求推動「美國優先」計畫時，會仔細檢視的因素。

Tariffs, and we've heard it many times, are Trump's favorite word zooming out a bit.

關稅，我們聽過很多次了，這是 Donald Trump 總統最喜歡的詞，稍微拉遠一點看。

How big a blow is this ruling for his overall economic strategy that was so heavily reliant on tariffs?

這項裁決對他高度依賴關稅的整體經濟策略，造成了多大的打擊？

Well, anyone who listened to his response this evening could see he's really angry at what's happened.

嗯，任何聽了他今晚回應的人，都能看出他對發生的事情非常生氣。

However, I don't think it was unexpected.

不過，我不認為這是意料之外的。

And the fact that they've come forward instantaneously with a new approach, the 10% tariff for the next hundred fifty days, and

而且他們立刻就提出了新的做法，未來一百五十天徵收百分之十的關稅，而且

they will be launching trade investigations on a whole bunch of products, a whole bunch of countries to try and exert more pressure and to apply differential tariffs on them.

他們將對許多產品、許多國家展開貿易調查，試圖施加更多壓力，並對它們徵收差別關稅。

And I'm sure over the coming weeks and months, there will be new approaches to impose tariffs, put pressure on countries.

我確定在接下來的幾週和幾個月裡，會有新的方法來徵收關稅，對各國施加壓力。

Because what he's doing is using trade and tariffs as a geopolitical lever.

因為他正在把貿易和關稅當作地緣政治的槓桿。

And he wants to secure bilateral trade arrangements to the advantage of the US to the advantage of US Consumers, to the advantage of US Manufacturing.

他想爭取有利於美國、有利於美國消費者、有利於美國製造業的雙邊貿易協定。

The way he goes about it may shift slightly.

他做事的方式可能會稍微改變。

The legal basis for his approach may shift slightly.

他處理方法上的法律基礎也可能會稍微改變。

But what we can be sure of is that he is absolutely Clear eyed and determined to impose that America first agenda.

但我們可以確定的是，他非常清楚且堅定地要推動「美國優先」的議程。

身為貿易顧問，真是太幸運了。

We just spoke to one of them, Marco Forgion, a director general of the Chartered Institute of Export and International Trade.

我們剛才訪問了一位，Chartered Institute of Export and International Trade 的總監 Marco Forgion。

Thank you so much for all those insights.

For the German reaction to the Supreme Court decision, our chief political editor, Michaela Kufner caught up with a CDU lawmaker and foreign policy spokesperson, Jurgen Hart at the party's conference.

關於德國對最高法院裁決的反應，我們的首席政治編輯 Michaela Kufner 採訪了 CDU 議員兼外交政策發言人 Jurgen Hart，他當時正在參加黨的會議。

Jurgen Hart, is this ruling a game changer for the way Donald Trump can conduct international politics?

Jurgen Hart，這項裁決會改變 Donald Trump 進行國際政治的方式嗎？

And I think also from outside, it's difficult for us to comment a decision of the Supreme Court in a sovereign democratic country.

而且我認為，從外面來看，我們也很難評論一個主權民主國家的最高法院所做的裁決。

Constitutional questions are always in our core of the sovereignty of a state.

憲法問題總是關乎一個國家的主權核心。

But looking to that, what might be the consequences?

但從這點來看，可能會產生什麼後果？

I think about that Donald Trump's tax policy is very much based on the fact that he has a huge income from tariffs and that the trade relations of us to other regions, like European Union or India, for example, are very much driven by the tariff system regime.

我認為 Donald Trump 的稅收政策很大程度上是基於他從關稅中獲得巨額收入，以及我們與其他地區，例如歐盟或印度的貿易關係，很大程度上是由關稅制度驅動的。

And therefore, I think we also have to think about what is the consequence for us maybe a new momentum in trade negotiations with the US and also new momentum for some parts of the business for their future business in US or here in Europe.

是以，我認為我們也必須思考，這對我們來說，是否會為與美國的貿易談判帶來新的動力，同時也為部分企業在美國或歐洲的未來業務帶來新的動力。

Does this change the way you perceive Donald Trump can act?

這會改變你對 Donald Trump 行事方式的看法嗎？

I think Donald Trump was very much aware of not to have a defeat in in on the Supreme Court and not to be a majority against him in the Congress.

我認為 Donald Trump 非常清楚不能在最高法院遭遇失敗，也不能在國會中出現反對他的多數。

And there was a majority close to a majority against him in the Visuela question in the Senate.

在參議院，關於 Visuela 問題，曾出現過接近多數的反對意見。

And now there's a decision of the Supreme Court.

而現在，最高法院做出了決定。