Name: 川普全球關稅被美國最高法院駁回！BBC新聞 (Donald Trump's sweeping global tariffs struck down by US Supreme Court | BBC News)
Uploaded: 2026-02-20T17:06:57.000Z
Duration: 15 min 51 s

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supreme Court has ruled against Donald Trump's global tariffs, enacted back in April under federal law meant for national emergencies.

最高法院裁定川普總統在國家緊急狀態下，依據聯邦法律於四月實施的全球關稅無效。

These the pictures live from the Supreme Court.

We've been expecting that ruling for a number of weeks, and it's been held back and held back.

我們已經等了好幾個星期，這個裁決一直被延後又延後。

It has just emerged and is significant because Donald Trump has lost.

現在終於出來了，而且意義重大，因為川普輸了。

And of course, you will remember that tariffs have been his go to policy, his weapon he has used so many times.

當然，您會記得關稅一直是他的招牌政策，他用過很多次的武器。

It started, you will remember back in April what he described as Liberation Day, when he announced the whole sweeping range of tariffs for all sorts of countries with a basic baseline of 10%.

您還記得嗎？四月那天，他稱之為「解放日」，宣佈了針對所有國家、基本稅率為 10% 的一系列廣泛關稅。

You'll remember the pictures from the Rose Garden in the White House where Donald Trump was there with his blackboard and a variety of figures for different countries in terms of the tariffs announced, and

您還記得白宮玫瑰園的畫面嗎？川普總統站在那裡，拿著黑板，上面寫著針對不同國家的關稅數字，

one remembers at the time a baseline of 10%.

Then over the days, it became clear, the European Union, for example, 20%.

隨後幾天，情況變得越來越清楚，例如歐洲聯盟是 20%。

But some of the highest tariffs, Cambodia, that was 49%.

但有些最高關稅，像是高棉，高達 49%。

And other countries where it just was significantly higher.

還有其他國家，稅率也顯著提高。

China, of course, the central focus for Donald Trump at different stages, that ratcheted up to over 100% as you had tariffs and then counter tariffs announced by Beijing that continued to ratchet up until it was cooled down.

當然，中國一直是川普不同時期關注的焦點，關稅和北京宣佈的反制關稅不斷升級，直到情況緩和下來，稅率才超過 100%。

You remember them from April, where the president had the list of countries and went through them.

您還記得四月的時候，總統拿出國家名單一一說明嗎？

Now, it is really significant because a number of announcements were made, some a very narrow amount of tariffs, the steel tariffs, for example.

現在這件事真的很重要，因為當時做出了許多宣佈，有些關稅幅度非常小，像是鋼鐵關稅。

Here he did apparently have the power to do that.

在這裡，他顯然有權力這麼做。

All the rest were being tested by the Supreme Court.

其他所有的事情都由最高法院進行審查。

And that, of course, has huge amounts of ramifications because it begs the question, what happens now?

這當然會產生巨大的影響，因為這引發了一個問題：接下來會發生什麼？

Only about what, a month ago, six weeks ago, in anticipation of this ruling, Donald Trump posted a long post on Truth Social which ended with, if the Supreme Court rules against us, the country is screwed.

大約一個月前，六週前，為了預期這個裁決，唐納·川普在 Truth Social 上發布了一篇長文，結尾寫著：「如果最高法院做出對我們不利的裁決，國家就完蛋了。」

That's what he said at the time, because it opens the door to all sorts of questions about should the monies raised by tariffs now be returned?

他當時是這麼說的，因為這為許多問題打開了大門，像是關稅所籌集的資金現在是否應該被退還？

What happens to the legality of what has been done so far?

Where does that leave all those companies that have changed the way they export to the US because of those tariffs?

那麼，那些因為關稅而改變出口到美國方式的公司將會怎樣？

Where does it actually leave Donald Trump with the use of, of that weapon?

這對唐納·川普使用這個武器有什麼影響？

We've seen at different stages, Donald Trump imposed tariffs when he's not liked the policies that countries are actually carrying out.

我們在不同時期都看到，唐納·川普在不喜歡某個國家實際執行的政策時，就會實施關稅。

So one remembers when it came to the issue and the debate and the controversy around Greenland, suddenly the president slapping on extra tariffs to European countries that never got implemented.

所以大家還記得，在格陵蘭問題、辯論和爭議出現時，總統突然對歐洲國家加徵了額外的關稅，但這些關稅從未被實施。

But it was the weapon that he continued to go back to.

但這是他不斷回頭使用的武器。

And the same was true about Brazil and the former President Bolsonaro around his trial.

對於巴西和前總統波索納洛，在他審判期間也是如此。

So it is the weapon that Donald Trump has consistently used in this, the second term.

所以這是唐納·川普在第二任期中一貫使用的武器。

And the U.S. supreme Court ruling against Donald Trump's global tariffs.

美國最高法院對唐納·川普的全球關稅做出裁決。

I just want to quickly take you to the markets boards to see if there's any particular reaction there.

我想快速帶大家看一下市場看板，看看有沒有什麼特別的反應。

And of course, it's only been open what sort of 35 minutes still up.

當然，市場開盤到現在也才大概35分鐘。

So we shall see if there is movement on that board.

所以我們看看看板上會不會有什麼動靜。

But it is a significant moment that the Supreme Court that has looked at this, it looked at it, I think initially about two to three months ago.

但這是最高法院審視此事的重大時刻，我認為他們最初是在兩到三個月前開始審視的。

There's been a little amount of back and forth with the White House, but

today we have the ruling and I'll just repeat it for anyone joining us.

今天我們有了裁決，我會再說一次給剛加入的朋友聽。

The US Supreme Court ruling against Donald Trump's global tariffs enacted under federal law meant for national emergencies.

美國最高法院針對川普依據聯邦法律、為國家緊急狀態而實施的全球關稅做出裁決。

And of course, the point has been made that at no stage did Donald Trump go back to Congress, say, look, this is the situation.

當然，重點是川普從未回頭找過國會，說「看，這是情況。」

I want to implement tariffs and go through Congress.

我想實施關稅，然後經過國會。

These were just moves made from the White House and the Supreme Court ruling against that.

這些只是白宮的舉動，而最高法院對此做出了裁決。

In a moment, I'll talk to Justin Wolfers.

稍後，我會跟 Justin Wolfers 談談。

He has talked to me so many times along the way, professor of economics.

他一路以來跟我談過很多次了，他是一位經濟學教授。

When we've talked tariffs in the past, I think the line has been established to him.

我們過去談關稅時，我認為這條線已經建立給他了。

So let's bring him in to the conversation.

Justin，很高興你這麼快就來了。

Your initial reaction to this breaking development.

你對這個突發消息的初步反應是什麼？

I can't tell you what should have happened, but

我不能告訴你應該發生什麼，但是

I can tell you that the Emergency Powers act doesn't use the word tariff.

我可以告訴你，《緊急權力法》裡沒有提到關稅這個詞。

The Constitution gives the right to tariffs and all taxes to Congress.

憲法賦予國會關稅和所有稅收的權力。

This decision doesn't say you can't issue tariffs.

這項裁決並沒有說你不能課徵關稅。

It says the president has to go through Congress to do it.

它說的是總統必須透過國會來這麼做。

So it's all about the unilateral power of our king over here.

所以這一切都關乎我們這位「國王」的單方面權力。

And I think what you're going to see very quickly is a very positive reaction from global markets.

我認為你會很快看到全球市場出現非常正面的反應。

That's markets telling you that the president's signature policy that he fought so hard for to help American businesses, markets believe it hurts American businesses.

這表示市場告訴你，總統為了幫助美國企業而努力爭取的招牌政策，市場認為它反而傷害了美國企業。

That's pretty interesting because we were showing the markets board and they were still up.

這很有趣，因為我們當時正在看市場看板，它們還是上漲的。

So you would expect a positive response from the markets, not a Negative one.

所以你應該會預期市場有正面的回應，而不是負面的。

I'll touch on that in a moment in more detail.

我稍後會更詳細地談談這一點。

But in terms of the fallout, because Donald Trump, I mentioned it, I don't know if you heard me saying it.

但就後果而言，因為唐納·川普，我提到了，我不知道你聽到我說了沒。

There was that long post a few weeks ago where he ended saying the problems it would cause the U.S.

幾週前有那篇很長的貼文，他最後說瞭如果這個決定對他不公，會給美國帶來什麼問題。

我已經修改了他使用的措辭，但是

And I've, I've cleaned up the language he used, but

he was talking about it costing trillions of dollars to the US potentially.

他當時提到這可能會讓美國損失數兆美元。

我想我暫時跟不上你的思路了。

I was just making the point that in one of the posts recently, Donald Trump said if this ruling went against him, it would cost the US trillions of dollars.

我只是想說，唐納·川普最近在一則貼文中提到，如果這個裁決對他不公，將會讓美國損失數兆美元。

Do you think that is realistically what we potentially could be looking at?

你覺得這真的有可能會是我們要面對的嗎？

So first of all, what you've got there is a bloke who doesn't know the difference between billions and trillions.

所以首先，你說的這個人，他搞不清楚十億和兆的差別。

And secondly, this is just a bloke who doesn't like permission.

而且第二，這只是一個不喜歡被授權的人。

You ask Congress to pass a law, turns out it's a Republican controlled Congress.

你要求國會通過法律，結果是共和黨控制的國會。

If it's such a good idea, all he's got to do is have the argument with his own party and win it.

如果這是個好主意，他只要跟自己的黨辯論並贏得勝利就好。

If he can't do that, you've got to think it's a pretty bad argument.

如果他做不到，你應該覺得這論點很差勁。

A final quick question to you before I bring in Gary o', Donoghue, our correspondent.

在我請我們的記者 Gary O'Donoghue 進來之前，最後一個小問題。

What happens to all those firms, countries that have been paying the tariffs, if there's not a way of actually getting this through Congress to get to the same point we're at now?

如果沒有辦法通過國會來達到我們現在的目標，那些付了關稅的公司和國家會怎麼樣？

Are they entitled to try and ask for that money back?

Right, so first of all, countries don't pay tariffs.

好的，首先，國家不會付關稅。

Who has paid tariffs is the American companies who brought it in.

付關稅的是那些進口的美國公司。

Now, the decision is about that thick and I went straight from being released to talking to you, so I haven't had a chance to dig into that.

不過，這個決定很重大，我一出來就立刻來跟大家說了，所以還沒機會深入研究。

But that's one of the big questions is will people be eligible to get refunds for what happened so far?

但其中一個大問題是，到目前為止發生的事情，大家有沒有資格申請退款？

But I want to hit you just with one big point.

不過，我先跟大家說一個重點。

What if we had a trade war potentially caused much of the world's economy, including the United States, to go down the toilet?

如果我們爆發貿易戰，可能導致包括美國在內的全球經濟都垮掉，那會怎麼樣？

And all along the whole darn thing turned out to be unconstitutional and illegal.

結果整件事情竟然被判定為違憲且非法。

Wow, what a day and what a world we're in.

哇，真是驚人的一天，我們活在一個怎樣的世界啊。

Justin, hopefully I'll come back to you in a moment or two, but

Justin，希望我等一下能再跟你連線，不過

I want to bring in Gary o', Donoghue, who's there in our Washington office, and

我想請我們華盛頓辦公室的 Gary O'Donoghue 加入。

Gary, give me your snapshot assessment in terms of the significance of what we've just heard.

Gary，請你簡單分析一下，你覺得我們剛聽到的消息有多重要？

One of the biggest cases of either of Donald Trump's terms, for him to lose in the Supreme Court, no question, most certainly the biggest economic case.

這絕對是唐納·川普任期內，他輸掉的其中一個最重大的官司，毫無疑問，絕對是最重大的經濟案件。