Name: 「複雜度爆表！」航空交通管制員揭祕工作內容 | WSJ ('The Complexity Is Insane': Air-Traffic Controller Breaks Down the Job | WSJ)
Uploaded: 2025-12-18T15:35:19.000Z
Duration: 35 min 51 s

There's the old saying that an air traffic controller is responsible for more lives and one shift than a doctor or a surgeon or whatever in his entire career.

有句老話說，一個航管員在一班的責任，比醫生或外科醫生一輩子的責任都來得多。

After a series of radar and radio outages at the Newark airport, veteran air traffic controller Jonathan Stewart.

在紐瓦克機場發生一連串雷達和無線電中斷後，資深航管員 Jonathan Stewart。

程度副詞

Sat down with the Wall Street Journal's Andrew Tangle to discuss the intricacies of the job handling close calls and why he's taking a break.

接受華爾街日報的 Andrew Tangle 專訪，討論這份工作處理近距離擦撞的複雜性，以及他為何要休息一下。

所以你當時是以一般民眾的身分在這裡。

As a subject matter expert and you're not speaking on behalf of the faa?

以專業領域專家的身分，而且你不是代表 FAA 發言？

I would not assume to speak on behalf of the faa.

I'm not qualified or capable of making a broad statement on everything that's going on.

我沒有資格也沒有能力對正在發生的所有事情做出廣泛的陳述。

I can only speak to what I know about that is air traffic control, based on my 25 years of experience.

我只能就我所知道的，基於我 25 年的經驗，談論航管相關的事情。

Why did you decide to come forward and speak publicly?

為什麼你決定站出來公開發言？

My purpose of coming forward was to try to educate the general public on the fact that the air traffic controllers that are somewhat demonized in some of the news articles, basically people saying they walk off the job, they don't want to work, they're taking trauma label when it's not necessary.

我站出來的目的是想讓一般大眾瞭解，新聞報導中那些被妖魔化的航管員，像是說他們罷工、不想工作，或是沒必要地貼上創傷標籤，這些都不是真的。

Absolutely everything that has been done by these controllers in the Newark area C has been warranted.

紐瓦克C區的這些航管員所做的一切，都是有正當理由的。

再說一次，他們都是最頂尖的。

They deserve to get paid the best of the best.

Because you want the best product, the best result from these people.

因為你想要這些人提供最好的產品、最好的成果。

To get that, you have to pay accordingly.

要達到這個目標，你必須付出相對應的代價。

Otherwise they will go find a job someplace else.

否則他們就會去別的地方找工作。

Most people have never heard of a TRACON or a terminal radar approach control facility.

大多數人可能從來沒聽過 TRACON，或是終端雷達進場管制設施。

These are the controllers in a dark room sitting behind radar scopes.

他們是坐在雷達螢幕後面，身處黑暗房間裡的航管員。

How would you describe what that is like day to day when you are working at a tracon to your point that most people don't know what that is?

就像你說的，大多數人不知道 TRACON 是什麼，那裡一天到晚的工作內容是什麼樣子的，你會怎麼形容？

Well, to be fair, most people don't need to know what that is right there.

嗯，說實話，大多數人確實不需要知道那是什麼。

There are roughly 10 to 11,000 certified professional controllers.

大約有 1 萬到 1 萬 1 千名認證專業管制員。

That's a very small subset of the population.

We are the guys that are guiding your pilots home.

我們就是引導飛行員回家的那群人。

So we are responsible for the lives of every single person on that airplane.

所以，飛機上的每一個人都掌握在我們手中。

So depending on how you effectively compartmentalize that, you know, it's.

所以，取決於你如何有效地將它區隔化，你知道，這就是。

So you, you do have situations where outside factors such as how much sleep did I get, Am I arguing with my significant other, am I hungry, you know, whatever.

所以你，你確實會遇到一些情況，像是外在因素，例如我睡了多久、我跟另一半吵架了沒、我餓不餓，你知道的，任何事。

There's like a lot of things that go into that, to that stress matrix.

這些都會影響到那個壓力矩陣。

有些日子我表現得像明星級表現，對吧？

I can move airplanes like Nobody's business.

我可以像沒人一樣順暢地調度飛機。

Some days I can't do it right to save my life because there's so many other external factors that are factored into that.

有些日子我怎麼也做不好，因為有太多外在因素被考慮進去了。

我喜歡它，因為這是一個零和遊戲。

I've worked in roughly 10 to 12 different facilities in my career.

我在職涯中大約在 10 到 12 個不同的設施工作過。

The Newark area C or Philly area C, whatever we're calling it now, is by far the most complex operation I've ever worked.

紐瓦克C區或費城C區，不管現在怎麼稱呼它，是我工作過最複雜的航管區域了。

I've said this a few times, for lack of a better way to put it.

我說過好幾次了，因為找不到更好的說法。

When I say we, the newer controllers, supervisors, line controllers, regardless, we enjoy that, man.

我說我們的時候，是指新進管制員、督導、線管制員，不管誰，我們都很享受，真的。

I mean, it's an adrenaline rush and you have to.

我的意思是，這是一種腎上腺素的衝擊，而且你必須。

你扮演上帝，因為你不能失敗。

Just very basically, what do air traffic controllers do and what role do they play in aviation safety?

簡單來說，航管員的工作是什麼？他們在航空安全中扮演什麼角色？

Okay, so to use a line from, from naca, if I may, it is on their website, we guide you home.

好的，引用 NACA 的話，他們的網站上寫著：「我們引導您回家」。

So that means when your airplane takes off and you your wheels up and your captain is told to contact departure, that's me, all right?

所以，當您的飛機起飛，輪子離地，機長被告知聯繫離場管制時，那就是我，懂嗎？

When your aircraft is landing and I am working your aircraft landing as he's about to touch down or by the outer marker or five miles away, I say contact tower.

當您的飛機降落，我正在管制您的飛機降落，就在飛機即將觸地、在外標或距離五浬時，我會說聯繫塔臺。

So air traffic control, the airspace is like an upside down cake.

所以航空管制，空域就像一個倒過來的蛋糕。

You have, you know, layers that go all the way down with the tower being at the very bottom, either a class D or a class B or class C in some cases.

所以，你知道，就像一層一層的蛋糕，塔臺在最下面，有時候是D類、B類或C類空域。

So each layer is a different air traffic controller.

所以每一層都是不同的航管員。

Inside those layers of cake, if you will, there are different sectors, and

在這些蛋糕層裡面，如果你願意這麼想的話，有不同的扇區，

those are also different air traffic controllers.

So you have radar controllers, you have tower controllers, you have center controllers, you have oceanic non radar controllers, which means that they're working aircraft based on time, based on math, based on altitude, because they don't have the ability to use radar.

所以你有雷達管制員、塔臺管制員、中心管制員、還有非雷達管制的海洋管制員，這代表他們是根據時間、數學和高度來管制飛機，因為他們沒有辦法使用雷達。

So there are a lot of different air traffic controllers, but there's not a lot of us, and

所以有很多不同的航管員，但我們人數不多，

And controllers are not just working at airport towers that passengers see as their.

管制員不只在乘客看到的機場塔臺工作。

So most everybody, if they don't think you're the guy on the ground with the flashlight, which I don't even know who that guy is, but

所以大多數人，如果他們不認為你是那個拿著手電筒在地面上的人，我甚至不知道那個人是誰，但是

it's not me, they think you work in a tower because that's the easiest thing to equate.

那不是我，他們認為你在塔臺工作，因為這是最容易聯想到的。

So when you Have a politician or somebody in office saying, you know, referring to air traffic controllers, the easiest way to get people to understand is to say the guy at the tower, alright?

所以當有政治人物或官員說，你知道的，提到航管員時，最容易讓大家理解的方式就是說「塔臺的那位」，對吧？

That's a small percentage of air traffic controllers.

I don't know the exact numbers, but I'm sure everybody in your audience says, google, Google it.

我不知道確切數字，但我確定你們的觀眾一定會說，去Google一下。

你們自己查一下，你們做得到的。

Alright, so those are the guys that are sitting in a dark room staring at a scope.

好的，所以這些人就是坐在黑暗的房間裡盯著雷達螢幕。

It's like a video game, but it's like playing 3D chess at 250 miles an hour.

這就像在玩電動，但卻是以每小時250英里的速度在玩3D西洋棋。

這就是為什麼我說我們真的很喜歡這份工作。

Like anything else, you're going to have a breaking point of you run out of gas.

就像其他任何事情一樣，當你耗盡燃料時，就會到達一個極限點。

You know, if you put all you have into the beginning of your shift, you're not going to be very useful the rest of your shift.

你知道，如果你在輪班開始時就耗盡所有精力，那麼你接下來的輪班就沒什麼用了。

So as a supervisor, it's imperative that you're able to look at the whole picture and see, who do I have, what's going on, what's the complexity level of the traffic, how do I manage this and how do I make sure that nine hours from now, when I'm on my 10th hour with my guys, that they have anything left to give.

所以身為主管，你必須能夠看清全局，知道我有誰、現在情況如何、交通的複雜程度有多高，我該如何管理，以及我該如何確保九小時後，在我帶領我的團隊進入第十個小時時，他們還有餘力。

So that's the reasoning behind the length and duration of brakes, the length and duration of the timing of position.

這就是休息時間長短、輪調時間長短的考量原因。

Because if you use everything on the front end, you have nothing on the back end.

因為如果你在前面就用光了所有力氣，後面就什麼都沒有了。

What are some of the biggest challenges right now controllers face on the job and performing their job?

目前管制員在工作上和執行任務時面臨的最大挑戰是什麼？

What I would consider a challenge is just the staffing is relatively, in my opinion, inadequate.

我認為的挑戰是，在我看來，人力配置相對不足。

And that's based on the numbers that we are told we should have versus the numbers that we do have.

這是根據我們被告知應該有的人數，與我們實際擁有的人數來比較的。

And that is in no way to place blame on anybody because that is not my forte, so to speak.

這絕對不是要怪任何人，因為那不是我的專長，可以這麼說。

But it is a challenge when you have to work multiple radar sectors combined, that is going to place limitations on how many aircraft you are going to be able to effectively and safely control.

但當你需要同時操作好幾個雷達扇區時，這就會限制你有效且安全地管制多少架飛機。

The maximum number of aircraft that I can work, mathematically speaking, to say something and get a read back and then get back to somebody else and start all over again at 250 miles an hour is roughly 18 aircraft, roughly.

我最多能處理的飛機數量，數學上來說，在 250 英里時速下，從開始說話、得到回覆，然後再跟別人說話，再重新開始，大約是 18 架飛機，大概是這樣。

Don't be mad at me, be mad at the guy who'd been in math.

別生我的氣，去怪那個發明數學的人。

I have had before, but I had to say maintain radio silence.

我之前遇過，但我必須說要保持無線電靜默。

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「複雜度爆表！」航空交通管制員揭祕工作內容 | WSJ ('The Complexity Is Insane': Air-Traffic Controller Breaks Down the Job | WSJ)

fatigue

mental

situation

properly