Name: 川普燃油禁令加劇古巴能源危機！環球新聞Podcast (Donald Trump’s fuel embargo intensifies Cuba’s energy crisis | Global News Podcast)
Uploaded: 2026-02-19T21:35:45.000Z
Duration: 12 min 5 s
Description: 【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。

Welcome to the global News podcast on YouTube, where we go behind the Headlines today whether the US oil blockade on Cuba could come close to toppling the communist regime and whether Russia would dare send in its oil tankers.

歡迎來到 YouTube 的全球新聞 podcast，今天我們要深入探討美國對古巴的石油封鎖是否可能動搖共產政權，以及俄羅斯是否敢派遣其油輪。

We're joined from Havana by our Cuba correspondent, Will Grant.

我們請到古巴特派記者 Will Grant 在哈瓦那連線。

It really is beginning to bite now, Alex.

Alex，這個禁運現在真的開始讓人感到痛苦了。

It's been weeks since the Trump administration carried out military action on Venezuela, removing Cuba's most important ally in Nicolas Maduro, from power.

川普政府在委內瑞拉採取軍事行動，將古巴最重要的盟友尼古拉斯·馬杜羅趕下臺，已經是幾週前的事了。

And basically the immediate consequence from that has been, first the lack of Venezuelan oil being provided to the island, which was to the tune of somewhere in the region of 35,000 barrels of oil a day.

這樣做的直接後果是，首先是委內瑞拉不再向古巴提供石油，每天大約有 35,000 桶。

But it was also bolstered by other energy partners, particularly Mexico.

但也有其他能源夥伴，特別是墨西哥，提供了支持。

Now, with the Trump administration putting in place the threat of tariffs, any potential energy partner to Cuba, we're really beginning to see the effects of what you've rightly described as a total energy blockade on the island.

現在，隨著川普政府威脅要課徵關稅，任何古巴潛在的能源夥伴，我們真的開始看到你所說的對該島實施全面能源封鎖的效果了。

We're seeing people cooking with firewood here in the capital, Havana.

我們看到首都哈瓦那的人們在用柴火煮飯。

We're seeing people going through the rubbish in search of perhaps recyclable materials, possibly even food.

我們看到人們在翻找垃圾，尋找可回收材料，甚至可能是食物。

We're seeing rubbish stack up at street corners because there's simply no fuel to run the state's fleet of garbage trucks to collect it.

我們看到垃圾堆積在街角，因為根本沒有燃料來啟動政府的垃圾車隊來清運。

And we're seeing the fact that there are very, very few cars circulating on the road.

而且我們看到路上行駛的汽車非常非常少。

People are only permitted 20 liters of fuel at a time.

It must be paid for in US dollars, which, of course, many, many Cubans don't have access to at all.

必須用美元支付，當然，很多很多古巴人根本無法取得美元。

And when they do go to the petrol pumps, they can only do so through app.

而且他們去加油站，只能透過 App 進行。

And the queue, the virtual queue to get your turn at the petrol pumps is sometimes weeks long for half a tank of petrol.

要去加油站的虛擬排隊，有時候要等上好幾個星期才能加到半桶油。

So it is genuinely beginning to bite on the streets.

所以這真的開始影響到街頭了。

People are hurting, people are suffering, and

人們很痛苦，人們在受苦，而且

all they can do is sort of hunker down and keep going.

他們能做的就是硬撐下去，繼續生活。

Is the leadership in Cuba afraid of being treated like Venezuela?

古巴的領導人會不會害怕被像委內瑞拉那樣對待？

It's quite hard to know in sort of exact terms because everything seems to be based on leaks and rumors at this stage.

其實很難確切地知道，因為現階段一切似乎都基於消息洩漏和謠言。

And you don't get many genuine leaks from the Cuban government because it's so hermetically sealed.

而且你不太能從古巴政府那裡得到真正的消息洩漏，因為它太嚴密封閉了。

So it's sort of coming from the Washington side more than anywhere else.

所以這比較像是來自華盛頓那邊，而不是其他地方。

But I'd say this Washington's goal under President Trump is the goal that Washington has had for many, many decades in Cuba, and

不過我會說，川普總統領導下的華盛頓目標，是華盛頓幾十年來在古巴一直追求的目標，

That much we know They've certainly made no bones about that.

這點我們很清楚，他們對此毫不避諱。

The question, I think, is how they go about doing that.

我認為問題在於他們要怎麼做。

Are they prepared to do a sort of Venezuelan version, which is that they're so aware of the dangers of complete overnight removal of a regime and the imposition of a sort of Washington craven regime, or one that is more closely allied to Washington, that they've shown themselves as reasonably pragmatic in the Trump administration that is happy to work with Delsey Rodriguez, that former vice president in Venezuela under Nicolas Maduro, and

他們是否準備好採取類似委內瑞拉的作法，也就是他們非常清楚完全一夜之間推翻一個政權的危險，並強加一個華盛頓的傀儡政權，或是一個與華盛頓更緊密的盟友政權，以至於在川普政府時期，他們已經展現出相當務實的一面，願意與委內瑞拉前副總統、現任總統尼古拉斯·馬杜羅的德爾西·羅德里格斯合作，

sort of work with the remnants of the Maduro regime, at least for now.

至少目前是這樣，並與馬杜羅政權的殘餘勢力合作。

It's had the same government in place for 67 years, the revolutionary government.

But it does begin to suggest now that they are looking for a sort of Delsey figure in Cuba that is someone that they would be prepared to work with in an interim capacity.

但現在確實開始暗示，他們正在古巴尋找一位類似德爾西的人物，也就是他們願意在過渡時期合作的人選。

The latest suggestion is that that might be Raul Castro's grandson.

最新的說法是，那可能是勞爾·卡斯楚的孫子。

Everybody has always said that if there is to be a sort of power brokering in Cuba, it would have to be run through Raul Castro.

大家都一直說，如果古巴要進行權力談判，就必須透過勞爾·卡斯楚來進行。

Even at 94 years old, he is the sole decision maker when it comes to decisions of this, of this importance.

即使他已經94歲高齡，但在這類重要決策上，他仍然是唯一的決策者。

The civilian government headed by President Miguel d' Esconel simply doesn't have the, the authority in those terms to make those decisions.

由總統米格爾·狄亞斯-卡內爾領導的文人政府，在這方面根本沒有權力做出這些決定。

Now, there'll be lots of tensions between differing factions within the Cuban government, a faction that is more business orientated and perhaps younger, and

現在，古巴政府內部不同派系之間肯定會有很多緊張關係，一個比較偏向商業、可能比較年輕的派系，

a faction that's more ideological and older.

和一個比較偏向意識形態、比較年長的派系。

But nevertheless, it does seem that Washington's goal, Trump's aim in Cuba is to achieve regime change.

但儘管如此，華盛頓的目標，川普在古巴的目標，似乎是實現政權更迭。

But if that means doing it through an interim personality, and

但如果這意味著透過一個過渡時期的人物來達成，而且

if that person is directly related to Raul Castro, that would be acceptable to Washington.

那個人直接與勞爾·卡斯楚有關，華盛頓就會接受。

It's another question whether or not he can sell that idea to the Cuban American diaspora in Florida, which is so important.

但他能不能把這個想法賣給佛羅裡達州那些對他非常重要的古巴裔美國人社群，那就是另一回事了。

As you say, the oil embargo, the fuel embargo really biting.

正如你所說，石油禁運，燃料禁運真的讓人難受。

Some in Cuba are hoping that Russia might step in and fill the gap.

古巴有些人希望俄羅斯可能會介入並填補這個空缺。

I mean, I think Russia is the logical partner in the sense that it can do two things.

我覺得俄羅斯是個很合理的夥伴，因為它可以做到兩件事。

One, it has the capacity, I think, even though it is obviously engaged in its invasion of Ukraine and it needs its oil capacity for other means, I think it would still have the capacity, from what experts tell me, to sort of continue to prop up Cuba, at least to an extent, at least to get them through the hardest moments as they head into the, to the hotter months in this country where air conditioning Units will be whirring and so on.

第一，我認為它有能力，雖然它顯然正忙於入侵烏克蘭，而且它需要自己的石油產能來應付其他需求，但我認為，根據專家的說法，它仍然有能力在某種程度上支撐古巴，至少讓他們度過這個國家進入炎熱月份的艱難時刻，屆時冷氣機將會嗡嗡作響等等。

So there's a possibility that it could do that.

Now, would it do that given the threat of sanctions?

那麼，考慮到制裁的威脅，它會這麼做嗎？

There's been suggestions from a spokesperson.

Again, one can't be sure whether or not it's a bluff or it's clear that they would be able to sort of take on sanctions to a much better extent than some of the other partners that Cuba has.

再說一次，我們無法確定這是不是虛張聲勢，或者他們是否能夠比古巴的其他一些夥伴更能承受制裁。

For example, Mexico, because of the fact that bilateral trade between the US and Russia isn't so significant that it would make that much of an impact.

例如墨西哥，因為美俄之間的雙邊貿易並不是那麼重要，不會造成太大的影響。

It's obviously a very large and powerful country and President Putin may decide that this is something he wants to do.

顯然，俄羅斯是一個非常龐大且強大的國家，普丁總統可能會決定這是他想做的事。

So far though, there have been no sort of knights on white horses riding over the horizon to Cuba's rescue at all.

到目前為止，還沒有任何白馬騎士出現來拯救古巴。

Whether or not that's Moscow, Vietnam, Iran, Mexico, Chile, any other nation that might be inclined to help Cuba simply hasn't done.

無論是莫斯科、越南、伊朗、墨西哥、智利，還是任何其他可能願意幫助古巴的國家，都沒有這麼做。

That's partly because of the Trump's threats of tariffs and it's also, I think, because it is such a delicate moment that they simply don't want to cross Washington at this particular moment, irrespective of the tariffs, they're being told to step back and they're doing so.

這部分是因為川普的關稅威脅，而且我認為，因為現在是個非常敏感的時刻，他們根本不想在這個時候得罪華盛頓，不管有沒有關稅，他們被告知要退後，他們也這麼做了。

The one thing we're seeing from Mexico is sends of humanitarian aid in form of baby milk and rice and so on, but

我們從墨西哥看到的是，他們送來了人道援助，像是奶粉和米飯之類的，但是

not that one thing that the island most desperately needs, which is crude oil.

並不是這個島嶼最迫切需要的東西，也就是原油。

There was a time, Will, when the tourist industry provided quite a lot of much needed hard foreign currency.

以前，Will，觀光業曾提供許多急需的外匯。

Presumably that is nigh on impossible in these conditions.

在這種情況下，這幾乎是不可能的。

I mean, it was already very low because of really from the years of the coronavirus onwards.

我是說，因為從新冠病毒那幾年開始，觀光業就已經很蕭條了。

It took a huge hit during the COVID 19 restrictions and has never quite recovered, certainly not to the level of the 5 million visitors a year seen during the year that Barack Obama came to Cuba in 2016.

在 COVID-19 的限制期間，它遭受了重創，而且從未完全恢復，肯定沒有達到歐巴馬總統於 2016 年訪問古巴那年創下的每年 500 萬遊客的水準。

So over the past decade there's been a steady decline to the point that it's just barely knocking on the door of 2 million visitors.

所以過去十年來，遊客人數持續穩定下降，到現在幾乎只剩下不到兩百萬人次。

That's, you know, 40% of what it was at its height.

這大約是高峰期的百分之四十。

That is naturally going to have a major effect in terms of its foreign currency earnings.

這對一個島嶼的外匯收入，自然會造成重大影響。

And it is very, very painful for an island which absolutely depends on tourism to survive.

對於一個絕對依賴觀光業生存的島嶼來說，這真的非常、非常痛苦。

People here involved in tourism, I've spoken to a lot of them over the years and on this particular trip say, you know, they're still here, they're still doing their bit, they're still trying to make sure people come and can Have a good time and prop up the tourism industry.

這裡從事觀光業的人，我多年來跟很多人聊過，這次旅行也不例外，他們說，他們還在這裡，還在盡力而為，還在努力確保大家能來玩得開心，支撐觀光業。

But the truth of the matter is it's a much, much harder thing to do when there's so limited fuel to go around to organize trips around the island, because you could get to one point and not get back.

但事實上，當燃料非常有限，要安排環島旅遊變得困難許多，因為你可能去到某個地方就回不來了。

And we know of course, that tour operators are not flying to the island in some cases because they can't guarantee.

而且我們當然知道，有些旅行社因為無法保證，所以沒有飛往這個島嶼。

In fact, they've been told they cannot refuel in Havana.

事實上，他們被告知不能在哈瓦那加油。

So then it becomes just short haul flights from Cancun, from Miami and so on.

所以就變成只能從坎昆、邁阿密等地進行短程班機。

And we've seen flights by Air Canada completely suspended.

我們也看到加拿大航空的班機完全暫停了。

Last question, Will does the communist regime still have the support of Cuban people?

最後一個問題，共產政權還保有古巴人民的支持嗎？

And it's not just dwindled in this current crisis.

而且不只是在這波危機中減少。

It's a very, very different generation to the one that they called the original generation of revolutionaries, the contemporaries of Fidel and Raul Castro.

這跟他們稱之為第一代革命家，也就是菲德爾和勞爾·卡斯楚的同輩相比，是完全不同的一代人。

Those men and women built this Cuban revolution and did so through blood, sweat and tears, in essence.

那些男人和女人，基本上是透過血汗淚水，建立了這場古巴革命。

But young people look at their cousins in Miami and in Spain and in Europe and so on, and

但年輕人看到他們在邁阿密、西班牙、歐洲等地的表親，

wonder why they are having to struggle quite so hard on the island for the basics.

就會想為什麼他們在島上為了基本生活卻要這麼辛苦地掙扎。

I spoke to a man who is in his 40s and he is cooking with firewood in Havana, and

我採訪了一位四十多歲的男士，他在哈瓦那用木柴煮飯，

his nine year old daughter went to school with an empty stomach with no breakfast that morning.

他九歲的女兒那天早上帶著空肚子、沒吃早餐去上學。

That is very, very galling for a society that has done what it's been done, asked to by the Cuban revolution, that is sacrifice its wages, receive very, very small wages for its work over the years in exchange for a sort of social safety net of free health care, good education and security and so on.

對於一個已經為了古巴革命付出這麼多，犧牲薪水、多年來工作只換來一點點薪水，卻換來了免費醫療、良好教育和安全等社會福利的社會來說，這實在是太令人氣憤了。

Now all of the pillars of the revolution are crumbling in those areas and you're still not getting wages.

現在，革命的支柱在這些方面都搖搖欲墜，而你還是沒拿到薪水。

You're trapped in essentially a cycle of eternal poverty, which is true, of course, in many parts of Latin America, but

你基本上被困在永恆的貧困循環裡，這當然在拉丁美洲的許多地方都是如此，

feels particularly galling to people here because they feel like they were never given the chance to get on.

但在這裡，人們感覺尤其氣憤，因為他們覺得自己從來沒有機會出人頭地。

They could never make a living out of construction, they could never make a living out of owning a small store, and

他們無法靠建築業維生，也無法靠經營小商店維生，

The revolution is also splitting into a society where there are those who do have access to these things, who do have access to dollars and petrol and cars and support.

革命也分裂成一個社會，有的人能獲得這些東西，有美元、汽油、汽車和支持。

The private sector sector are doing okay even in this current environment.

即使在目前的環境下，私營企業也做得不錯。