Name: 閱讀如何改變你的大腦運作方式！－BBC World Service (How reading changes the way your brain works - BBC World Service)
Uploaded: 2026-02-01T15:06:31.000Z
Duration: 5 min 55 s

Clicking on this video activated circuits in your brain that took thousands of years to develop, the ones required for reading.

點擊這支影片，活化了你大腦裡需要數千年才能發展出來的電路，也就是閱讀所需的電路。

基礎被動語態

reading is written language, so it must be natural, but it isn't.

而閱讀是書寫的語言，所以它也應該是自然的，但事實並非如此。

Scientific studies indicate that a neurotypical brain is born with a circuitry that allows our eyes to see and our vocal cords to produce sounds.

科學研究顯示，一個 neurotypical brain 天生就帶有讓我們眼睛看東西、聲帶發出聲音的電路。

But it doesn't innately have the ability to read.

From an evolutionary timescale, our brain hasn't had enough time to develop a dedicated reading brain.

從演化時間尺度來看，我們的大腦沒有足夠的時間發展出一個專門的閱讀大腦。

And so to build a reading brain network, we co op parts of the brain involved in vision and auditory processing and language and attention and affect.

是以，要建構一個閱讀大腦網絡，我們需要協同運作大腦中負責視覺、聽覺處理、語言、注意力及情緒的區域。

The Sumerian cuneiform symbols are thought to be one of the earliest writing systems in the world, dating back to around 3300 BC.

蘇美人楔形文字符號被認為是世界上最早的書寫系統之一，可追溯到西元前 3300 年左右。

Around the same time, though, Egyptians started developing their hieroglyphics.

不過，大約在同一時期，埃及人也開始發展他們的象形文字。

The more we read and wrote, the more sophisticated they became, becoming the letters and characters we recognize today.

我們讀寫得越多，它們就變得越精緻，演變成我們今天認識的字母和字元。

Scientists now know that reading activates the brain so that letters and words become associated with sounds and meanings.

科學家現在知道，閱讀會活化大腦，讓字母和單字與聲音和意義產生關聯。

It involves activation in all four lobes of the cortex.

The process of developing a reading brain alters everything from brain activity to brain structure and brain connectivity.

發展閱讀大腦的過程會改變從大腦活動到大腦結構及大腦連接性的所有一切。

And the language we read also shapes our brain.

我們閱讀的語言也會形塑我們的大腦。

Chinese characters, for instance, are an example of the logographic system.

以中文為例，漢字就是一種表意文字系統。

Each object or idea is represented by a symbol rather than by a set of letters of the Alphabet.

每個物體或概念都由一個符號代表，而不是由一套字母組成。

Research indicates that learning logographic writing systems activates different areas of the brain than learning an Alphabet based language like English.

研究顯示，學習表意文字系統會活化大腦與學習英文這種以字母為基礎的語言時，活化的大腦區域不同。

The areas involved in visual memory and visual association do more of the work.

視覺記憶和視覺聯想的區域會負責更多的工作。

This theory was corroborated after scientists studied a bilingual patient who knew both Chinese and English.

這項理論是在科學家研究一位同時懂中文和英文的雙語病患後獲得證實的。

The man suffered a massive stroke which affected some areas of his brain, including his ability to read Chinese.

這位病患中風嚴重，影響了他大腦的某些區域，包括他閱讀中文的能力。

But astonishingly, his proficiency in English remained intact.

但令人驚訝的是，他精通英文的能力卻完好無損。

It's a beautiful example of how the brain circuit reflects the requirements of Chinese, which inevitably means more visual memory and visual processing of those beautifully intricate symbols or characters.

這是一個很棒的例子，說明大腦的電路如何反映中文的要求，這不可避免地意味著需要更多視覺記憶和視覺處理那些精緻美麗的符號或字元。

Whatever the language, reading not only impacts the brain, but it also affects us on a physical level.

無論是哪種語言，閱讀不僅會影響大腦，也會在生理層面上影響我們。

We might feel in our guts the nervousness or the pain of a character.

我們可能會在心裡感受到一個字元的緊張或疼痛。

And I mean that not only like I feel it inside me, but I mean that literally.

我的意思是，這不只是感覺在我裡面，而是字面上的意思。

Like the anterior insula, which is responsible for gastro motoric movement, for feelings of nausea and pain and discomfort, is also the part of the brain that's associated with many of the empathic processes.

像是前腦島，它負責胃腸運動、噁心、疼痛和不適感，也是與許多同理心過程相關的大腦區域。

And the brain is very adaptable evidence suggests that it's already changing as a result of new technologies.

大腦非常適應，證據顯示它已經因為新科技而改變了。

Reading on a phone or tablet is generally passive scrolling, often interrupted by messages and alerts.

手機或平板上的閱讀通常是滑動，常被訊息和通知打斷。

When we read on screens, we tend to skim, and when we skim, we're more susceptible to misinformation.

在螢幕上閱讀時，我們傾向於略讀，略讀時，我們更容易受到錯誤資訊的影響。

We need to support individuals in being able to think critically about the things that they're reading, because that's fundamental to a democracy is our ability to analyze and think deeply about the information that we're consuming.

我們需要支持大家能夠批判性地思考他們正在閱讀的內容，因為這對民主至關重要，也就是我們分析和深入思考所消費資訊的能力。

Some academic research even suggests that children who use cell phones from an early age perform worse in school later in life.

一些學術研究甚至顯示，從小就使用手機的兒童日後在學業上的表現較差。

At eight years of age, the amount of digital exposure predicted their attentional, executive function, processing and academic performance.

八歲時，數位接觸的量預測了他們的注意力、執行功能、處理和學業表現。

If you can imagine, if that brain is constantly being distracted and hyper stimulated, you're going to have them not able to really move from one stimulus to the next without a desire for ever quite quicker intervals between stimuli.

想像一下，如果大腦不斷分心且過度刺激，他們將無法真正地從一個刺激轉移到下一個，而渴望刺激之間的時間間隔越來越短。

So then you have kids going offline and saying they're bored.

所以孩子們會離線說他們很無聊。

It's a relatively new field of research, and

這是一個相對較新的研究領域，

some studies suggest that monitored and education focused screen time can be beneficial to children.

有些研究顯示，有監管且以教育為導向的螢幕時間，對孩子們是有益的。

For parents concerned about navigating the digital world, the advice is to go back to basics.

對於擔心如何在數位世界中導航的家長來說，建議是回歸基本。

The antidote to all this happening is the simplest, most beautiful one, and

解決所有這些問題的解藥，是最簡單、最美好的，

that is to have our children immersed in reading and have a reading life.

那就是讓我們的孩子沉浸在閱讀中，擁有閱讀的生活。

Our parents and teachers all have to help.

我們的父母和老師都必須幫忙。

They have to model, they have to read to their child, they have to love it themselves.

他們必須以身作則，必須讀書給孩子聽，他們自己必須熱愛閱讀。

And this is likely to have benefits beyond the individual reader.

這很可能對個別讀者產生超越性的益處。

The power of deep reading is really fundamental to our humanity.

深度閱讀的力量，對我們的人性來說，真的非常根本。

When we read deeply, we change our brains and we change who we are.

當我們深度閱讀時，我們就改變了我們的大腦，也改變了我們自己。

And that process of changing the minds and hearts of individuals changes society and allows us to build bigger, more beautiful futures.

而這個改變個人心智和心靈的過程，會改變社會，讓我們能夠建立更大、更美好的未來。