Name: 印度爆發尼帕病毒！您需要知道的5件事！ (What to know about Nipah virus after cases emerge in India)
Uploaded: 2026-01-30T02:51:02.000Z
Duration: 2 min 56 s

Thailand is among several Asian nations that have stepped up airport health screenings after India reported two cases of the deadly Nipah virus.

泰國是亞洲幾個加強機場健康篩檢的國家之一，此前印度通報了兩起致命的 Nipah virus 感染案例。

But what is Nipah and how concerned should people be?

但 Nipah 是什麼？我們又該多擔心呢？

情態副詞

Nipah is a rare viral infection that comes mainly from fruit bats.

Nipah 是一種罕見的病毒感染，主要來自狐蝠。

It was first identified in Malaysia in the late 90s.

它最早是在 90 年代末於馬來西亞被發現。

Here's Paul Hunter, professor in medicine at Norwich Medical School in Britain.

這是來自英國 Norwich Medical School 醫學教授 Paul Hunter 的說法。

Most transmission events are because of a contact either with an infected animal or with something that has been contaminated by fruit bats.

大部分的傳播事件是因為接觸到受感染的動物，或是被狐蝠汙染的東西。

It can also spread from person to person, typically after close contact between the sick and their caregivers, though experts say that does not happen easily.

它也可以人傳人，通常是病患和照護者之間有密切接觸，不過專家說這不容易發生。

Nipah can cause severe illness and can be deadly.

Nipah 可能會引起重症，而且是致命的。

The death rate varies from outbreak to outbreak, but

死亡率在每次疫情爆發時有所不同，但

is of the order of about 45 to 75% mortality rate, though Hunter points out that is based on identified infections.

大約是 45% 到 75% 的死亡率，不過 Hunter 指出這是基於已發現的感染案例。

He says some people get no symptoms at all and may not be identified as infected.

他說有些人根本沒有症狀，可能也不會被發現是感染者。

This means Nipah's actual death rate is likely to be lower.

這表示 Nipah 實際的死亡率可能比較低。

One concern is that the infection has an incubation period of one to two weeks, and

一個令人擔憂的是，這種病毒的潛伏期是一到兩週，

what this means is that it's actually very difficult to control.

At airports, you've got a disease that's got two weeks incubation period for the first two weeks after somebody's carrying the infection.

在機場，你面對的是一種疾病，感染者在最初的兩週內有潛伏期。

For those who do get symptoms, Hunter says the early signs can be non specific, like fever and headaches.

至於有出現症狀的人，Hunter 說早期跡像是非特異性的，像是發燒和頭痛。

In severe cases, Nipah can cause encephalitis, which is inflammation of the brain.

在重症情況下，Nipah 可能會引起腦炎，也就是腦部發炎。

You have a high fever, you have very severe headaches, and

你會出現高燒、非常嚴重的頭痛，

you can have photophobia where the light hurts your eyes, and

還有畏光，光線會讓你的眼睛感到疼痛，

that is often associated with cases that ultimately die.

這通常與最終死亡的病例有關。

Reuters global health correspondent Jennifer Rigby says there is no need to worry too much.

路透社全球衛生記者 Jennifer Rigby 表示，無需過度擔心。

There's been outbreaks almost every year in Bangladesh, small outbreaks because it doesn't spread easily from person to person.

孟加拉幾乎每年都有疫情爆發，但規模不大，因為它不容易人傳人。

She says the WHO sees it as a priority pathogen.

她說，世界衛生組織將其視為優先病原體。

But the virus has not yet shown signs of becoming more transmissible among humans or spreading easily worldwide.

但該病毒尚未顯示出在人類之間傳播性增強或在全球廣泛傳播的跡象。

Rigby also says a prevention may be on its way.

Rigby 還說，預防措施可能即將推出。

There is a number of groups working on a vaccine, notably the Oxford University scientists who developed one of the COVID vaccines.

有許多團隊正在研發疫苗，其中最著名的是開發了其中一種 COVID 疫苗的牛津大學科學家。

They have a Nipah virus vaccine and that's actually started human trials in Bangladesh just last year.

他們有一種 Nipah virus 疫苗，並且實際上在去年已於孟加拉展開人體試驗。

In the meantime, experts say those in high risk areas should be careful.

與此同時，專家表示，高風險地區的人們應該小心。

Peel fruit before eating and don't drink raw juice, as it hasn't been pasteurized to kill viruses.

吃水果前要削皮，不要喝生果汁，因為生果汁未經巴氏消毒殺死病毒。