Name: 改變公共安全的基層運動 | Aqeela Sherrills | TED (The Grassroots Movement Transforming Public Safety | Aqeela Sherrills | TED)
Uploaded: 2025-10-25T12:58:00.000Z
Duration: 12 min

In 1992, the Lear that the Los Angeles homicide rate reached an all time high.

1992年，洛杉磯的謀殺率創下歷史新高。

Members of the Crips and Bloods, two of the largest gangs in the US sat down together and brokered a peace treaty.

美國兩個最大的幫派，Crips 和 Bloods 的成員坐下來，協商達成了一份和平條約。

This historic event ended a three decade long urban war that claimed more than 10,000 lives in LA county alone.

這場歷史性的事件結束了長達三十年的都市戰爭，光是在洛杉磯縣就奪走了超過一萬條生命。

Not including those permanently maimed or incarcerated for life.

這還不包括那些終身殘疾或被終身監禁的人。

I was one of those gang members who negotiated that treaty.

我就是參與協商那份條約的幫派成員之一。

Growing up in the Jordan down housing projects in the wild section of Los Angeles, I witnessed things no child should ever be subject to.

在洛杉磯荒野地區的 Jordan down 公寓項目長大，我親眼目睹了任何孩子都不該經歷的事情。

By the time I was 16, I had attended 20 funerals of friends.

到我16歲時，我已經參加了20位朋友的葬禮。

And like so many youth surrounded by violence and poverty, I was desensitized and angry.

和許多被暴力與貧困包圍的年輕人一樣，我變得麻木且憤怒。

And joining the neighborhood gang was my solution for safety and protection.

加入鄰裡幫派是我尋求安全與保護的解決方案。

Now it's important to understand that black American gangs aren't inherently violent.

現在，重要的是要了解，美國的非裔幫派本質上並非暴力。

Less than 3 to 5% of so called gang members are actually committing violent crime.

大約只有 3% 到 5% 的所謂幫派成員，實際上在從事暴力犯罪。

More often they're like surrogate families where protecting one another was sometimes the only way we knew how to survive.

更常見的是，他們就像代理家庭一樣，互相保護有時是我們僅知的生存之道。

In the first two years of the peace treaty, homicides in Watts declined by 44%.

和平條約生效的前兩年，Watts 的謀殺率下降了 44%。

Changing the quality of life in my neighborhood.

I was just 23 years old and my firstborn son Terrell had just turned seven.

我才 23 歲，我的長子 Terrell 剛滿七歲。

Driven by the belief that our children would not inherit our conflicts, we took the call to peace to 16 more cities contributing to a national decline in youth violence.

我們深信我們的孩子不會繼承我們的衝突，於是我們將和平的呼籲帶到另外 16 個城市，為全國青少年暴力下降做出了貢獻。

You see, peace was possible because nobody could stop that war but us, those of us at the center of the conflict.

你看，和平之所以可能，是因為沒有人能阻止這場戰爭，除了我們，那些身處衝突中心的人。

It took months of intense high stakes conversations, starting with a handful of brothers from the four housing projects.

這花了數個月的密集高風險對話，從四個公寓項目的幾位兄弟開始。

During the negotiation, I asked who was winning the war that we were waging against each other.

在談判期間，我問我們之間正在進行的戰爭，是誰在贏。

Every time we die or go to prison, no one was there to provide direction and guidance for our kids.

每當我們死亡或入獄，都沒有人能給予孩子們指導和引導。

I had known most of my so called enemies my entire life.

我認識我這些所謂的敵人，認識了他們一輩子。

A small group of us went into so called enemy territory.

我們一小群人，就這樣走進了所謂的敵對地區。

The news of the peace treaty spread like wildfires.

和平條約的消息，像野火一樣傳開。

Hundreds of youth from formerly warring gangs attended celebrations in the projects to mark the new beginning.

來自過去敵對幫派的數百名年輕人，參加了公寓項目的慶祝活動，標誌著新的開始。

The peace treaty inspired similar agreements across the country and lasted for 12 years.

這份和平條約激勵了全國各地類似的協議，並持續了 12 年。

The cycle of violence remains an extremely concentrated problem with unequal impacts.

暴力的循環仍然是一個極度集中的問題，影響也極不平等。

Residents in low income urban communities of color are 15 times more likely to be harmed by violence, but

低收入的城市有色人種社區的居民，遭受暴力傷害的可能性是其他人的 15 倍，但是

但尋求協助的機率卻是三倍低。

And for Black males ages 14 to 25, violence is the number one cause of death.

而對於 14 到 25 歲的非裔男性來說，暴力是頭號死因。

As this crisis has worsened in cities, overwhelmed police departments are Joining forces with community leaders to say that arrest alone will not end the cycle of violence.

隨著這場危機在城市中惡化，不堪負荷的警局正與社區領袖聯手，表示光靠逮捕無法終結暴力的循環。

Many solutions are being proposed, but what we're proposing is an internal solution.

有許多解決方案被提出，但我們提議的是一個內部的解決方案。

A solution led by those most impacted by violence.

一個由受暴力影響最深的人所領導的解決方案。

A solution that lifts up non traditional leaders to play a key role in creating safety in their own respective communities.

一個能扶植非傳統領導者，在他們各自社區中扮演關鍵角色來創造安全。

You see investing in non traditional leaders as a complement to policing works.

你看，投資非傳統領導者，作為對警務工作的補充，是有效的。

In 2014, I got a call from my friend Ras Baraka, Mayor of Newark, New Jersey.

2014 年，我接到紐澤西州紐瓦克市市長 Ras Baraka 的電話。

Mayor Baraka asked me to help him to strengthen his community violence intervention strategy.

Baraka 市長請我協助他強化社區暴力幹預策略。

Now, Newark had been on the top 10 most violent city lists for almost 50 consecutive years.

紐瓦克市近 50 年來，幾乎一直名列全國十大最暴力城市之一。

With a modest investment from local philanthropies, I launched a Newark community street team.

透過當地慈善機構的少量投資，我在紐瓦克啟動了一個社區街頭團隊。

I hired 16 credible messengers, many of them ex gang members and formerly incarcerated folks who have deep relationships in the neighborhood.

我僱用了 16 位有信譽的傳訊者，其中許多人曾是幫派成員，或有過牢獄經歷，他們與社區有深厚的關係。

We trained them in conflict resolution and mediation strategies and deployed them in high violence areas and asked them to use their relationship capital to intervene and mediate gang disputes that could lead to violence.

我們訓練他們衝突解決和調解策略，並部署在高暴力地區，請他們運用人脈來介入和調解可能導致暴力的幫派糾紛。

Now you know law enforcement investigations are crucial, but not always successful and often painstakingly slow.

現在你們知道，執法調查很重要，但並不總是成功，而且往往非常緩慢。

Whereas the credible messengers can prevent the next shooting in real time.

而有信譽的傳訊者能夠即時阻止下一場槍擊案。

We launched a safe passage program to ensure our kids went to school safely.

我們啟動了安全通道計畫，確保孩子們能安全上學。

Because violence often happens before and after school.

因為暴力經常發生在上學前後。

We launched the city's first trauma recovery center to provide therapeutic services to victims to help them heal.

我們啟動了全市第一個創傷復原中心，為受害者提供治療服務，幫助他們康復。

We also provided mentoring in outreach and case management.

我們也提供了外展和個案管理的輔導。

You see, safety isn't just one intervention.

你看，安全不是單一的介入措施。

It's a shared strategy and requires an ecosystem of programs that residents trust.

這是一個共享的策略，需要一個讓居民信任的計畫生態系統。

When we started our work In Newark in 2014, the city had 103 homicides.

我們在 2014 年開始紐瓦克的工作時，該市有 103 起謀殺案。

These are not just numbers, they're actual lives saved.

這些不只是數字，而是實際被拯救的生命。

Newark now has nine consecutive years of decline and we're no longer on the top 10 most violent city list.

紐瓦克現在連續九年下降，我們不再是十大暴力城市之列。

Now, what we achieved in Newark is more than historic lows and violence.

現在，我們在紐瓦克取得的成就，不僅僅是歷史性的低暴力紀錄。

Local law enforcement credits us as the essential strategic partner in reducing violence in the city.

當地執法部門認為我們是降低該市暴力的重要策略夥伴。

And today, the Newark street team has over 80 staff, is a formal partner with the city, and

而今天，紐瓦克街頭團隊擁有超過 80 名員工，是該市的正式合作夥伴，並且

received millions of dollars in public funding.

獲得了數百萬美元的公共資金。

We're not just the only ones that's improving safety in our cities.

我們不只是唯一一個在改善城市安全的人。

It's just rarely recognized and supported.

Take my good friend, Ms. Brenda Glass, a survivor violence from Cleveland, Ohio.

認識我一位好朋友，來自俄亥俄州克里夫蘭的暴力創傷倖存者 Brenda Glass 女士。

Brenda started Cleveland's first trauma recovery center, but

Brenda 創立了克里夫蘭第一個創傷復原中心，但

had to cash in on her retirement fund just to keep her doors open.

卻得動用她的終身俸才能維持營運。

And despite being the city's only 24 hour assistant for victims, it took the city five years before they granted her money.

儘管她是該市唯一 24 小時協助受害者的單位，市政府卻花了五年才撥款給她。

Another Champion is my brother Lyle Muhammad from Miami, who employs credible messengers in some of the most violent neighborhoods, but

另一位冠軍是我的兄弟 Lyle Muhammad，他來自邁阿密，在最暴力的社區僱用可信的傳遞者，但

struggles to provide a livable wage and ongoing training for his staff.

卻難以提供他的員工有尊嚴的薪資和持續的培訓。

These often overlooked groups are most of the time ineligible for public funding, but

這些經常被忽略的團體，大部分時間都無法獲得公共資金補助，但

what they do have is deep commitment, lived experience, trust and community support.

他們擁有的是深厚的承諾、親身經歷、信任和社區支持。

Now other cities are primed to replicate the successes that we had in Newark and following the steps of leaders like Brenda and Lau.

現在其他城市都準備好複製我們在新澤西州紐瓦克市的成功經驗，並跟隨 Brenda 和 Lau 這類領導者的腳步。

But very few essential community organizations have the know how to become a permanent part of the city's public safety workforce.

但極少數重要的社區組織知道如何成為城市公共安全團隊的永久一部分。

Family we're about to change all of that.

With the generous investment from the audacious TED community and support from people just like you, we're launching Scaling Safety, an initiative to put the public back in public safety.

藉由 TED 社群慷慨的投資，以及像你一樣的支持者，我們正在啟動「Scaling Safety」計畫，將公共安全還給大眾。

Redefine public safety by investing in a coordinated set of high impact resident led programs that create real, lasting change.

透過投資一套協調一致、影響力大的居民主導計畫，創造真實、持久的改變，重新定義公共安全。

In 2021, I launched a community based public safety collective to spread the Newark Community Street Team strategy nationwide.

2021 年，我啟動了一個基於社區的公共安全聯盟，將紐瓦克社區街頭團隊的策略推廣到全國。

We've already helped 150 organizations in 60 plus cities.

我們已經幫助了 60 多個城市的 150 個組織。

Now we're teaming up with the alliance for Safety and justice, the nation's leader in public safety advocacy.

現在我們正與公共安全倡議的國家領導者「Alliance for Safety and Justice」合作。

ASJ has unlocked $3 billion in funding and led 150 policy reforms to support community safety programs.

ASJ 已解鎖 30 億美元的資金，並主導了 150 項政策改革，以支持社區安全計畫。

Together, we're creating a stronger, more effective approach to safety, one that complements law enforcement and breaks the cycle of harm.

我們正共同打造更強大、更有效的安全方法，這種方法能輔助執法，並打破傷害的惡性循環。

Now, addressing violence is extremely complex.

現在，處理暴力問題極其複雜。

But just as we no longer rely on hospitals and emergency rooms alone to improve public health, we cannot rely on the justice system alone to create safety in public health.

但就像我們不再只依賴醫院和急診室來改善公共衛生一樣，我們也不能只依賴司法系統來創造公共衛生安全。

Community health workers emerged to improve preventative health care by training residents in outreach and peer support.

社區健康工作者應運而生，透過培訓居民進行外展和同儕支持，來改善預防性醫療照護。

The they've reduced the burdens on emergency rooms and improved public health.

他們減輕了急診室的負擔，並改善了公共衛生。

We believe the same can be done with public safety because racially equitable access to safety begins with community engagement.

我們相信公共安全也能如此，因為公平的社區安全機會始於社區參與。

Now, in 2003, my oldest son, Terrell, that was seven years old when I negotiated the treaty, graduated from high school and was accepted into Humboldt State University.

現在，2003 年，我最大的兒子 Terrell，在我談判和平條約時七歲，他高中畢業並被 Humboldt State University 錄取。

Family was driving this kid to school to start his first day as a college student.

家人載著這孩子去學校，開始他大學生的第一天。

Terrell was an inspiration to his younger siblings and the reason why I became a lifelong advocate for peace.

Terrell 啟發了他的弟妹，也是我畢生致力於爭取和平的原因。

He went to a party with some of his friends in an affluent neighborhood in la.

他和一些朋友去了洛杉磯一個富裕社區的派對。

There, some kids from a local gang showed up at the party, mistook his red Mickey Mouse sweater for gang colors and shot him to death.

在那裡，一些當地幫派的年輕人出現在派對上，誤以為他紅色的米奇老鼠毛衣是幫派顏色，並將他槍殺。

But nothing prepares you for the loss of your child.

但沒有什麼能讓你準備好面對失去孩子的痛苦。

But what I've come to understand is that peace is a journey and not a destination.

但我所理解的是，和平是一段旅程，而不是一個目的地。

And that public safety is not just the absence of violence and crime, but

公共安全不僅僅是沒有暴力和犯罪，而是

the presence of well being and the infrastructure to support victims and survivors in their healing journey.

擁有健全的福祉以及支持受害者和倖存者療癒之旅的基礎設施。