Name: 肉類的未來？牛津創業公司將細胞變成 "牛排 "的內部故事 (The future of meat? Inside the Oxford-based startup turning cells into 'steaks')
Uploaded: 2025-09-02T17:54:38.000Z
Duration: 5 min 52 s

基礎被動語態

Ivy Farm Technologies was created in 2019 as a spin-out from the University of Oxford.

常春藤農場科技公司成立於 2019 年，是從牛津大學分拆出來的。

On the outskirt of the city is the company's headquarters, and as you'd expect from a cell cultivator, it doesn't look like your typical farm.

公司總部位於城市外圍，正如你對細胞培養公司的期望一樣，它看起來並不像一般的農場。

我們參觀時，曼努埃拉-多內蒂、

Ivy Farm's head of product development, cooked a beef prototype made with 90% plant-based protein and 10% cultivated meat cells.

常春藤農場的產品開發主管烹製了一種牛肉原型，其中 90% 是植物蛋白，10% 是培養的肉細胞。

Smells a little bit different to what you would get in the supermarket with a farmed cut of meat, but the texture looks very similar.

聞起來與超市裡的養殖肉有點不同，但口感看起來非常相似。

So Manuela, how much testing do you usually have to do to know that this is safe to be eaten?

那麼，曼努埃拉，你通常要做多少檢測才能知道這東西可以安全食用？

So we look if there is any microorganism inside our cells.

是以，我們要看看細胞內是否有微生物。

At the moment, of course, until we are not regulated to approve, we can't really give people to eat ourselves.

當然，目前，在不規範審批之前，我們還真不能自己給人吃。

Can you describe to me the taste of it, though?

你能向我描述一下它的味道嗎？

The taste is really meaty and really brings back the umami flavor that you have usually with meat, and it covers really well the typical plant-based aftertaste that you have on a pure plant-based product.

它的味道真的很有肉味，讓人重新感受到肉類通常具有的鮮美味道，而且很好地掩蓋了純植物產品特有的植物後味。

It also produces bao buns, burgers, meatballs, and gyozas.

它還生產包子、漢堡、肉丸和餃子。

所有產品均由人工養殖的牛肉製成、

I took a tour of the labs to see what goes into making them.

我參觀了實驗室，瞭解了製作過程。

We kind of start with getting a very small tissue sample.

我們從獲取極少量的組織樣本開始。

At the minute, we're really going with a beef product, so Aberdeen Angus Wagyu, and we kind of go through a process of extracting the cells out of that tissue.

目前，我們真正使用的是牛肉產品，即阿伯丁安格斯和牛，我們要經歷一個從組織中提取細胞的過程。

Out of all of that tissue, there's really only a small number of cells that we're actually really interested in that really have that ability to thrive in our environment that we put them in.

在所有這些組織中，我們真正感興趣的細胞其實只有一小部分，它們有能力在我們所處的環境中茁壯成長。

We go through a process of training the cells, putting them through a bit of stress to really work out which are those really top performers that we have.

我們對細胞進行訓練，讓它們承受一定的壓力，以真正找出我們擁有的那些真正的佼佼者。

And where are you getting the initial tissues from?

So currently, we have a really great partnership with a company in Northern Ireland.

目前，我們與北愛爾蘭的一家公司建立了非常好的合作關係。

So the tissue that we get is actually animals that they are already taking for slaughter for their own meat purposes.

是以，我們得到的動物組織實際上是他們為了自己的肉類目的而屠宰的動物。

In the future, we really won't be hoping to go back to anything that's dead.

在未來，我們真的不希望再回到任何已經死去的東西。

But also, ideally, once we've kind of got those cells, we really don't have need to go back to the animal anyway.

不過，理想的情況是，一旦我們得到了這些細胞，就真的不需要再回到動物身上了。

Once the cell lines have been selected, they are grown in suspension in a culture media.

篩選出細胞系後，將其懸浮在培養基中培養。

Sharath Warrior is head of Cell Culture Media R&D.

Sharath Warrior 是細胞培養基研發部門的負責人。

Cell Culture Media, think of it as a soup and essentially has all the nutrients the cells need.

細胞培養基，就像一鍋湯，基本上包含了細胞所需的所有營養物質。

Different cell types have different requirements.

不同的細胞類型有不同的要求。

For example, our beef has high levels of omega-3 and omega-6.

例如，我們的牛肉含有大量歐米伽-3 和歐米伽-6。

That's because of our engineering of the cells.

這是因為我們對細胞進行了改造。

Before we go into production, what we need to ensure is that the population cells and the cell culture media is absolutely sterile.

在投入生產之前，我們需要確保群體細胞和細胞培養基是絕對無菌的。

And essentially, everything is antibiotic-free.

基本上，所有食物都不含抗生素。

Sterilization and testing complete, the cells grow on a small scale in plates or flasks before being put into these big mixing tanks called bioreactors.

滅菌和測試完成後，細胞先在平板或燒瓶中進行小規模生長，然後再放入稱為生物反應器的大型混合罐中。

The largest one is called Betty and she used to make insulin.

最大的那個叫貝蒂，她以前是製造胰島素的。

Now though, she's been repurposed to hold up to 600 liters and make around three tons of meat per year.

但現在，它已被重新利用，可容納 600 升水，每年可生產約 3 噸肉。

You can think of what comes out of our bioreactors as something like a pâté, essentially.

你可以把從我們的生物反應器中出來的東西想象成一種肉醬，本質上是這樣的。

Minced product, and then we're experimenting with a plant protein to make it look and feel and taste a lot like beef products you would buy in a supermarket today.

剁碎的產品，然後我們正在試驗一種植物蛋白，使其在外觀、感覺和口感上都很像你今天在超市裡買到的牛肉產品。

Ivy Farm estimates that the process from cell sample to mince will eventually take around three weeks.

據艾薇農場估計，從細胞樣本到肉糜的製作過程最終將耗時三週左右。

There isn't a price tag yet for its products, but the expectation is that it will take a while for cultivated meat to reach price parity with traditional meat.

該公司的產品還沒有標價，但種植肉類與傳統肉類的價格持平還需要一段時間。

Harsh Amin 是常春藤農場的首席執行官兼首席運營官。

I think to start with, just like any other nascent industries, you know, this cultivated meat industry also goes through a cost curve.

我認為，首先，就像其他新興產業一樣，種植肉類產業也會經歷成本曲線。

So when you, for example, go to buy Aberdeen Angus, typically costs $10 to $15 a kilo.

是以，舉例來說，當你去購買阿伯丁安格斯（Aberdeen Angus）時，通常每公斤要花費 10 到 15 美元。

Our process and our R&D is focused to achieve that kind of a cost matrix.

我們的流程和研發重點就是實現這種成本矩陣。

And only then we can really make a true difference on the sustainability goals when you go full scale.

只有這樣，我們才能在全面實現可持續發展目標時真正有所作為。

But first, the company will need to seduce consumers.

但首先，公司需要吸引消費者。

Ultimately, this is going to go down to educating consumers, essentially, that, look, this is not different than the real meat.

歸根結底，這要從根本上教育消費者，讓他們知道：看，這和真正的肉沒什麼區別。

Ivy Farm's goal is to sell its products to food companies for them to mix with farmed or plant-based meat.

常春藤農場的目標是向食品公司出售其產品，供他們與養殖肉或植物肉混合使用。

The way we envisage is it's a generation one paste that can be mixed with the plant-based meat.

我們的設想是，這是一種可以與植物肉混合的一代糊狀物。

As we scale up, then essentially that should have a gen two, gen three, and the texture and so on.

隨著規模的擴大，基本上應該有第二代、第三代和紋理等。

Despite Betty's impressive output, it will still take a lot more like her to satisfy the demand of, say, an average city's meat consumption.

儘管貝蒂的產量令人印象深刻，但要滿足一個普通城市的肉類消費需求，還需要更多像她這樣的人。

Another hurdle to overcome is regulatory approval.

另一個需要克服的障礙是監管審批。

Ivy Farm has submitted its products for consideration by food governing bodies in the US, the UK, and Singapore, and expects to be able to go to market by the end of 2025.

艾薇農場已將其產品提交給美國、英國和新加坡的食品管理機構審議，預計到 2025 年底就能投放市場。

It can be mixed with the plant-based meat.

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肉類的未來？牛津創業公司將細胞變成 "牛排 "的內部故事 (The future of meat? Inside the Oxford-based startup turning cells into 'steaks')

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