Name: 粘焊：如何讀取熔池 (Stick Welding: How to Read the Puddle)
Uploaded: 2025-08-14T06:20:42.000Z
Duration: 6 min 6 s

What we're talking about today is what will take you from being able to kind of stick things together to really laying down a bead that you're going to be proud of.

我們今天要討論的，就是如何讓你從 "東拼西湊 "到真正做出讓你引以為豪的珠子。

What we're talking about is how to read the puddle and take the clues that it's giving you and adjust in real time.

我們要討論的是如何讀懂水坑，並根據它提供的線索進行實時調整。

Watching that weld pool behind your rod is what's going to give you those subtle clues.

觀察焊條後面的焊縫，就會發現一些微妙的線索。

So we're going to look at what it looks like when it's going right and when it's going wrong and how to correct those things.

是以，我們要看看它在正確的時候是什麼樣的，在錯誤的時候又是什麼樣的，以及如何糾正這些問題。

The first thing you need to understand is looking at the weld pool is going to be different with different electrodes.

首先，您需要了解的是，不同電極的焊池會有所不同。

And so you have 7018, which is my favorite rod to run, and you run this here.

我最喜歡用的是 7018 棒，你可以在這裡使用它。

You can see that there's a well-defined weld pool and the slag really follows right behind it.

你可以看到，焊池輪廓分明，熔渣緊隨其後。

However, when you're running other rods like a 6013, it's much more difficult because that slag will sit right up over the molten metal.

然而，當您使用其他棒材（如 6013）時，難度就大得多了，因為熔渣會直接覆蓋在熔融金屬上。

So it's a little bit harder to distinguish 6011 or 6010.

是以，要區分 6011 或 6010 有點困難。

You're going to be able to see it freezes right away, but you do have a little trailing edge of red metal under that thin slag that can be confusing.

你馬上就能看到它凝固了，但在那薄薄的熔渣下面確實有一條紅色金屬的小尾巴，這可能會引起混淆。

The next thing that's important, and it may seem obvious, is where you put your head to look, right?

下一件重要的事情，看似顯而易見，就是你把頭放在哪裡看，對嗎？

Because you need to have a good perspective to be able to judge what's happening with the weld pool while still being able to track the weld seam in front of you.

因為你需要有一個很好的視角來判斷焊池的情況，同時還能跟蹤前面的焊縫。

Now a lot of people might want to watch from the front like this so you can see where you're going and you can see where you're going really well, but then it's hard to see that weld pool.

現在，很多人可能都想像這樣從前面觀察，這樣你就能看到你要去的地方，也能很好地看到你要去的地方，但這樣就很難看到焊縫池了。

Now watching from behind, you can see the puddle.

現在從後面看，可以看到水坑。

However, it's difficult to see where you're tracking on the plate and difficult to really gain a perspective of what's happening with the puddle.

不過，很難看到你在盤子上跟蹤的位置，也很難真正瞭解水坑的情況。

So I like to watch from a right around 45 degree angle coming off the back edge of the weld pool like this, and I think that gives me a good view of the weld pool, some nice perspective, and I'm also able to see the weld seam tracking in front in my peripheral vision to make sure I'm on track.

是以，我喜歡像這樣從焊池後緣 45 度左右的角度觀察，我認為這樣可以很好地觀察焊池，有很好的透視效果，而且我還能在周邊視野中看到焊縫在前方的軌跡，以確保我在正軌上。

You may find that a different angle works well for you, and that's just fine, but play around with it and find what gives you the view that you need.

你可能會發現不同的角度對你很有幫助，這很好，但還是要多加嘗試，找到適合你的視角。

Now obviously in a lot of situations, you're not able to line up as well as we are here working on the bench today because you might be welding overhead or vertical or in different awkward positions where it's hard to see, but just take a second to think about, okay, what am I going to be looking at and will I be able to see the puddle to get the clues that it's giving me?

顯然，在很多情況下，你不可能像我們今天在工作臺上工作時那樣對齊，因為你可能在頭頂或垂直或在不同的尷尬位置焊接，很難看到，但只要花一秒鐘想想，好吧，我要看什麼，我是否能夠看到水坑，以獲得它給我的線索？

Now right here is how the weld puddle should look as you're running along.

現在，這就是你在行駛過程中的焊縫水坑的樣子。

You can see it's even between both sides.

It's filling in completely as I weld along and giving me something really nice, and I'm happy with the result that I got here, but several things can go wrong.

它在我焊接的過程中完全填充，給我帶來了非常好的效果，我很滿意現在的結果，但有幾件事可能會出錯。

The first thing that can go wrong is biasing one plate.

首先可能出錯的是偏置一個極板。

Now this can come from both your rod angle as well as the position of your arc.

這可能來自於你的魚竿角度和弧線位置。

Now the interesting thing is that these two things often work together, right?

有趣的是，這兩件事情經常會同時發生，對嗎？

If I tip my rod up, I'm going to move my arc the opposite direction, right?

如果我把魚竿往上提，我的弧線就會向相反的方向移動，對嗎？

So if I tipped the rod up toward this top plate, I'd be focusing the rod on the bottom plate.

是以，如果我把釣竿向頂板傾斜，就會把釣竿對準底板。

And here I'll start off running even, and then I'll tip that rod up and it'll be biasing the bottom plate.

在這裡，我將開始均勻地運行，然後我將把這根杆向上傾斜，它將偏向底板。

You can see the weld pool right there is really focused on that bottom plate.

你可以看到焊池就集中在底板上。

It's not sitting evenly, and it's no surprise that because the weld pool becomes the weld that I actually have an uneven weld after the fact, and that's not going to give me the strength that I want on the top.

它的位置不均勻，毫不奇怪，因為焊池變成了焊縫，所以我的焊縫實際上是不均勻的，這不會給我帶來我想要的頂部強度。

So if you see that weld pool isn't sitting centered, you probably need to shift your position and your angle up to true it up.

是以，如果你發現焊池不在中心位置，你可能需要移動位置和角度來調整焊池。

The next thing that comes up is your travel speed.

Now the travel speed, and your amperage plays into this as well, but your travel speed as far as technique goes is what will control the size of your weld.

行進速度和安培數也與此有關，但就技術而言，行進速度是控制焊接尺寸的關鍵。

Now if you're welding along here and you're moving really quickly, it's going to give you a smaller weld, and the opposite would happen also.

現在，如果你沿著這裡焊接，而且速度非常快，那麼焊縫就會變小，反之亦然。

You'd get a larger weld if you're welding too slow.

如果焊接速度太慢，焊縫就會變大。

And this is one of the big challenges that gives people an inconsistent result is just varied travel speed.

旅行速度的變化是導致結果不一致的一大挑戰。

So if you keep an eye on the width of that weld pool, try to keep that as even as possible by moving at a consistent speed all the way along.

是以，如果你留意焊池的寬度，儘量保持均勻，以一致的速度前進。

Now here's a really common mistake among beginners.

It's not well defined like the other weld pools that we've seen, and what's going on here is the arc length is too long, and that's not putting the metal deposit right evenly between the two.

它不像我們看到的其他焊池那樣輪廓分明，這裡的情況是電弧長度太長，導致金屬沉積無法均勻地分佈在兩個焊池之間。

So when we finish this up and take a look, not only does it look a little bit sloppy because I couldn't control it very well with that long arc length, but it also gave me quite a bit of undercut, which is where the weld comes up and is recessed below the plate next to it, making it thinner and not as strong.

是以，當我們完成這個焊接並看一下時，不僅因為我無法很好地控制那麼長的弧長而顯得有點馬虎，而且還產生了相當多的下切，即焊縫上翹並凹進到旁邊的板材下面，使得焊縫更薄且不牢固。

So that is something to avoid and to watch for.

是以，這是需要避免和注意的。

If you see that the weld pool isn't well defined like we're seeing in those good examples, then you may have too long of an arc length.

如果您發現焊池沒有像我們在這些好例子中看到的那樣清晰，那麼您的電弧長度可能太長了。

And the other interesting thing about this is I was running the same amperage with that longer arc length, and it really gave me a lot of undercut.

另一個有趣的地方是，我用相同的安培數和較長的電弧長度，確實能產生很大的下切效果。

It seemed like it was running way too hot, where if I hold a nice short arc, then I'm able to run at that amperage and everything is nice and controlled.

如果我保持一個很短的電弧，就能以那個安培數運行，一切都會很好地控制。

So now head out, run a few welds, and remember that the weld pool becomes the weld, and look for those clues that it gives you so that you'll be able to make those adjustments on the fly and come out with a nice slick bead that you're going to be proud to say that you made.

是以，現在出去跑幾圈，記住焊池就是焊縫，尋找焊池給你的線索，這樣你就能隨時做出調整，焊出光滑的焊縫，讓你自豪地說，這是你做的。

Hey, well if you learned something here, if this helped you out, please let me know by hitting that thumbs up below, and we'll see you next time.

嘿，如果你在這裡學到了什麼，如果這對你有幫助，請點擊下面的大拇指告訴我，我們下次再見。