Name: 缺乏同理心會對大腦造成什麼影響？ (What Does Lack of Empathy Do To Your Brain?)
Uploaded: 2025-07-18T19:18:10.000Z
Duration: 6 min 33 s

Many people think that to be truly successful, you shouldn't be empathetic, since many billionaires aren't.

很多人認為，要想獲得真正的成功，就不應該有同情心，因為很多億萬富翁都沒有同情心。

While many believe that empathy isn't essential for basic survival, it does play a significant role in our social connections.

雖然許多人認為同理心並非基本生存所必需，但它在我們的社會聯繫中確實發揮著重要作用。

So why is empathy important and what happens when we lack it?

那麼，為什麼移情很重要，當我們缺乏移情時會發生什麼？

A lack of empathy can come about in a few ways.

缺乏同理心可以通過幾種方式產生。

Some people can't help it if they have a cluster B personality like narcissism or something that overlaps with those personalities like psychopathy.

如果有些人有自戀等 B 類人格，或者精神變態等與這些人格重疊的人格，他們就會情不自禁。

For this video, we're more interested in the people who don't have a genetic reason to lack empathy, but instead either choose to act without empathy or have learned not to be empathetic.

在這段視頻中，我們更感興趣的是那些沒有缺乏同理心的遺傳原因，但卻選擇了沒有同理心的行為，或者學會了不做同理心的人。

Whether or not it was a conscious decision or part of their personality, you have most likely encountered someone who lacks empathy.

無論這是否是一個有意識的決定，還是他們性格的一部分，你都很可能遇到過缺乏同理心的人。

This person could have been a boss, a teacher, a peer, or even a parent.

這個人可能是老闆、老師、同伴，甚至是父母。

Lacking empathy goes beyond bullying or being mean.

缺乏同理心不僅僅是欺凌或刻薄。

It's often characterized by a sense of apathy.

A person lacking empathy is dismissive of your struggles, concerns, or feelings.

缺乏同理心的人對你的掙扎、擔憂或感受不屑一顧。

They are immune to emotional reasoning and are unlikely to side with you if you provide them with a moral or emotional argument for something.

他們對情感推理沒有免疫力，如果你向他們提供道德或情感方面的論據，他們不太可能站在你這邊。

Instead, a person who lacks empathy would ask for something in return or would be more open to something if it benefits them.

相反，缺乏同理心的人會要求回報，或者如果對他們有利，他們會更願意接受。

For example, a wealthy person without empathy might have the means to donate to charities or relief funds, but they're unlikely to do so unless they gain something in return, such as improved public relations or a tax break.

例如，一個沒有同情心的富人可能有能力向慈善機構或救濟基金捐款，但他們不太可能這樣做，除非他們能得到一些回報，如改善公共關係或減稅。

It's not that they necessarily despise the people these charities help, but they're sympathetic to their struggles because they lack empathy.

這並不是說他們一定鄙視這些慈善機構幫助的人，而是因為他們缺乏同情心，才會同情他們的掙扎。

But most people don't have that kind of wealth, so what are some ways that the average person could display a lack of empathy?

但大多數人並沒有這樣的財富，那麼普通人會在哪些方面表現出缺乏同情心呢？

A popular shopping cart litmus test helps us gauge empathy.

一個流行的購物車試金石測試可以幫助我們衡量同理心。

If you leave a cart in the parking lot, there's no punishment or reward.

如果你把購物車留在停車場，不會受到任何懲罰或獎勵。

The key point here is that your actions impact others.

這裡的關鍵是，你的行為會影響他人。

Someone else, who will never know it was you, will have to bring that cart back.

別人永遠不會知道那是你，他必須把那輛車送回來。

This simple choice reflects your level of empathy, even towards strangers.

這個簡單的選擇反映了你的同理心水準，即使是對陌生人。

At some point, someone you've never met will have to return the shopping cart you left behind.

在某些時候，你從未見過的人會不得不歸還你留下的購物車。

Furthermore, it can be an obstruction in the parking lot or someone might not get a shopping cart because you left yours there.

此外，它還可能成為停車場的障礙物，或者有人可能因為你把購物車放在那裡而拿不到購物車。

This test asks you to empathize with someone you may never meet.

這個測試要求你對一個你可能從未見過的人產生共鳴。

But aside from personality disorders that disrupt empathy, why would we lack empathy?

但是，除了人格障礙會破壞移情能力之外，我們為什麼會缺乏移情能力呢？

We don't always choose whether or not to empathize.

我們並不總能選擇是否感同身受。

It's easier to empathize with some people over others, depending on who you are.

有些人比其他人更容易產生共鳴，這取決於你是誰。

We tend to empathize more with the people who are of a similar background to us.

我們往往更容易與背景相似的人產生共鳴。

For example, people of faith tend to show more leniency to others in their religion.

例如，有信仰的人往往會對其宗教中的其他人表現得更為寬厚。

And immigrants can empathize with other immigrants.

移民可以與其他移民產生共鳴。

A study published in the Journal of Social Psychology reveals that we tend to empathize with people who are shown to agree with us morally.

發表在《社會心理學雜誌》上的一項研究表明，我們傾向於同情那些在道德上與我們觀點一致的人。

So perhaps it isn't always that we lack empathy overall, but we lack empathy for certain groups who we either feel opposition towards or we have little in common with.

是以，也許我們並不總是缺乏同情心，而是對某些群體缺乏同情心，而這些群體要麼是我們所反對的，要麼是我們沒有什麼共同語言的。

Physical trauma to the brain can also negatively affect your ability to empathize.

大腦的物理創傷也會對你的移情能力產生負面影響。

But other forms of trauma can take a toll on your empathy too.

但其他形式的創傷也會對你的同理心造成傷害。

Childhood trauma, like abuse and neglect, can cause someone to struggle to empathize throughout their lives.

童年的創傷，如虐待和忽視，會導致一個人終生都難以產生共鳴。

Trauma can cause children to struggle to identify, manage, and react to their own emotions and the emotions of others.

創傷會導致兒童難以識別、管理和應對自己和他人的情緒。

Which is a problem that is difficult to overcome without that early foundational empathy.

如果沒有早期的基礎共鳴，就很難克服這個問題。

The most often, we become burnt out, which is extremely easy to do when every person's struggle can receive our attention through our phones.

最常見的情況是，當每個人的掙扎都能通過手機得到我們的關注時，我們就會變得倦怠，而這是非常容易做到的。

You might find that people with emotionally draining family members or jobs struggle to be empathetic outside of those scenarios because of how draining they are.

你可能會發現，有情緒耗竭的家庭成員或工作的人，在這些場景之外很難做到感同身受，因為他們的情緒耗竭程度很高。

When we do lose our empathy, what actually happens to us?

當我們失去同理心時，我們究竟會發生什麼？

Empathy is something that we can and should practice and improve on.

同理心是我們可以而且應該練習和提高的。

When practicing empathy, you are actively engaging with the change in your emotional state and embracing the way you relate to another human being.

在練習換位思考時，你會積極面對自己情緒狀態的變化，並接受自己與他人相處的方式。

The amygdala is the part of the brain that is most responsible for empathy, among many other functions.

杏仁核是大腦中最能產生移情作用的部分，還具有許多其他功能。

A lack of empathy can cause more stress through friction in your relationships and emotions being difficult to process.

缺乏同理心會使人際關係出現摩擦，情緒難以處理，從而造成更大的壓力。

But by being overly empathetic, you could also burn your amygdala out by constantly making yourself emotionally available.

但是，如果過度移情，你也可能會因為不斷地讓自己的情感得到滿足而燒壞你的杏仁核。

Some people try so hard to practice their empathy that they seek emotionally intense situations.

有些人拼命練習換位思考，以至於尋找情緒激烈的情境。

After a breakup or the loss of a loved one, you might find yourself bombarded with people trying to become extremely close to the situation.

失戀或失去親人後，你可能會發現自己被許多人轟炸，他們試圖與你變得極為親近。

The over enthusiastic use of empathy can overstimulate the amygdala.

過度熱情地使用移情會過度刺激杏仁核。

So if we can overstimulate the amygdala, we can also understimulate it.

是以，如果我們可以過度刺激杏仁核，我們也可以對它進行低刺激。

Without emotional connections with other people or sincere concern for anyone, we can become lazy with our empathy.

如果不與他人建立情感聯繫，不真誠地關心他人，我們就會變得懶於換位思考。

So the true danger of a lack of empathy is that it becomes harder and harder to access the less you use it.

是以，缺乏同理心的真正危險在於，你越少使用它，就越難獲得它。

Remember, you don't have to only use your empathy when someone is extremely sad or grieving.

請記住，您不必只在某人極度悲傷或悲痛時才使用您的同理心。

You can empathize with someone having a long day or someone feeling annoyed at bad customer service.

你可以對忙碌了一天的人或對糟糕的客戶服務感到惱火的人感同身受。

It also doesn't have to be reserved for negative emotions.

The best thing about developing a strong sense of empathy is that you get to share happiness, excitement, and love too.

培養強烈的同理心的最大好處是，你也能分享快樂、興奮和愛。

What are some other ways that you think empathy is helpful or necessary?

你認為移情還有哪些有用或必要的方式？

Have you ever struggled to feel empathetic?

你是否曾為無法感同身受而苦惱？

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如果您喜歡本視頻，請記得訂閱 Psych2Go 並留下 "喜歡"，我們下次再見。