Name: 特朗普究竟如何禁止墮胎 (Exactly how Trump could ban abortion)
Uploaded: 2025-06-17T15:19:55.000Z
Duration: 10 min 32 s

程度副詞

These are the states in the U.S. that have now banned abortion completely.

這些是美國現已完全禁止墮胎的州。

情態副詞

Along with the states that technically allow it but severely restrict it, it's about half the states.

加上技術上允許但嚴格限制的州，大約有一半的州是這樣。

But now there's a plan to use the federal government to ban abortion everywhere.

但現在有人計劃利用聯邦政府來禁止各地的墮胎。

There are three branches of the United States government.

That ban could come in the form of a law passed by Congress.

這項禁令可能以國會通過法律的形式出現。

But that's not necessarily where we should really be looking.

但這並不一定是我們真正應該關注的地方。

And only partly because huge majorities of Americans say Congress shouldn't pass a law banning abortion.

部分原因是絕大多數美國人認為國會不應通過禁止墮胎的法律。

What really matters for the future of abortion rights in America is who the president is.

對於美國墮胎權利的未來而言，真正重要的是誰是總統。

The duties of each branch are established in the Constitution.

讓我們看看它們是如何工作的。

One of the president's most important roles is overseeing hundreds of agencies within the federal government.

總統最重要的職責之一是監督聯邦政府內的數百個機構。

For example, the Food and Drug Administration, which is the agency that, back in the year 2000, approved an abortion pill, Mifepristone.

例如，早在 2000 年，美國食品和藥物管理局就準許了一種名為米非司酮的墮胎藥。

And in the 24 years since its introduction, medication has become the way that most abortions happen in the U.S.

而在藥物流產問世後的 24 年裡，藥物流產已成為美國大多數墮胎的方式。

That's why Republicans are laser focused on abortion pills and trying to eliminate access to abortion pills.

這就是為什麼共和黨人對墮胎藥情有獨鍾，並試圖消除獲得墮胎藥的途徑。

Today, about a third of medication abortions are done via telehealth, remote doctor visits, which the FDA has allowed consistently since 2021.

如今，約有三分之一的藥物流產是通過遠程醫療、遠程醫生出診完成的，美國食品及藥物管理局自 2021 年以來一直允許這樣做。

But that is a decision Republicans plan to reverse, requiring Mifepristone to be prescribed and picked up in person again.

但共和黨人計劃推翻這一決定，要求重新開具米非司酮處方並親自領取。

They may even revoke approval of the drug entirely.

他們甚至可能完全撤銷對該藥物的準許。

Would you direct your FDA, for example, to revoke access to Mifepristone?

例如，您是否會訓示您的食品藥物管理局取消對米非司酮（Mifepristone）的使用權？

Sure, you could do things that would supplement, absolutely.

當然，你可以做一些補充性的事情，絕對可以。

That is not a very clear answer to that question, but it is also not a no.

這個問題的答案不是很明確，但也不是否定的。

Limiting Mifepristone would cut off a major way that some people who live in what we call banned states are getting abortions, although some are also doing that by visiting doctors outside of their state.

限制米非司酮將切斷一些生活在我們所說的被禁州的人進行墮胎的主要途徑，儘管有些人也是通過到本州以外的醫生那裡進行墮胎。

And the banned states really want to know who's doing that and who the doctors helping them are.

被禁州非常想知道是誰在這樣做，以及幫助他們的醫生是誰。

Banned states want the possibility of prosecuting people, abortion providers, abortion funds, organizations that help abortion seekers.

被禁止的州希望有可能起訴人、墮胎提供者、墮胎基金以及幫助尋求墮胎者的組織。

A Trump administration could help states get that information either by lifting the protections that keep doctors from sharing it or by using the Center for Disease Control to create detailed records on every pregnancy in the country.

特朗普政府可以幫助各州獲得這些資訊，要麼取消禁止醫生共享資訊的保護措施，要麼利用疾病控制中心建立全國每一位孕婦的詳細記錄。

All these plans are written down in a document called Mandate for Leadership.

所有這些計劃都寫在一份名為《上司任務》的文件中。

You probably know it as Project 2025, a plan written by conservative analysts and former Trump administration officials for what they would do in a new Trump administration.

你可能知道它叫 "2025 計劃"，是由保守派分析師和前特朗普政府官員撰寫的關於他們在特朗普新政府中將採取的行動的計劃。

The document includes the word abortion just about 200 times, and we've only touched on a few of its plans to limit abortion access, but it actually contains one anti-abortion measure that dwarfs all the others.

在這份文件中，墮胎一詞大約出現了 200 次，我們只涉及了其中幾項限制墮胎的計劃，但實際上，其中有一項反墮胎措施讓所有其他措施相形見絀。

If the other plans in Project 2025 are more piecemeal, just kind of chipping away at abortion access, this one would come the closest to an actual national abortion ban.

如果說 "2025 計劃 "中的其他計劃更多的是零敲碎打，只是對墮胎機會進行某種程度的削減，那麼這個計劃將最接近於真正的全國性墮胎禁令。

And it uses a powerful tool to make that happen, something that has just been kind of hiding in the law of the United States for 150 years.

它使用了一個強大的工具來實現這一點，而這個工具在美國的法律中已經隱藏了 150 年。

No obscene publication or any article or thing intended for the prevention of conception or procuring of abortion shall be carried in the mail.

不得郵寄淫穢出版品或任何旨在防止受孕或導致流產的物品或物品。

這就是 1873 年的《康斯托克法案》。

It banned the mailing of three things, obscene publications, pornography, and then anything intended for either the prevention of conception or abortion.

它禁止郵寄三樣東西：淫穢出版品、色情製品，以及用於防止受孕或墮胎的任何物品。

In the 150 years after this law was passed, it was weakened by various court cases and used less and less, and Congress eventually repealed part of it entirely.

在該法通過後的 150 年裡，它因各種法庭案件而被削弱，使用也越來越少，國會最終完全廢除了其中的部分內容。

但是，"羅伊訴美國 "一案的推翻

Wade brought this part back, and how or whether to enforce it is now up to the U.S.

韋德將這部分內容帶了回來，現在如何或是否執行這部分內容取決於美國。

Department of Justice, overseen by the president.

In December 2022, the Biden administration said that the revived Comstock Act does not prohibit the mailing or receipt by mail of mifepristone.

2022 年 12 月，拜登政府表示，恢復生效的《康斯托克法》並不禁止郵寄或接收米非司酮。

In other words, mailing abortion pills is still OK.

換句話說，郵寄墮胎藥還是可以的。

But a Trump administration would probably feel differently.

但特朗普政府可能會有不同的看法。

Not long after that, a group of Republican members of Congress wrote to the Biden administration, urging them to enforce the Comstock Act and stop the reckless distribution of abortion drugs by mail.

不久之後，一批共和黨國會議員致信拜登政府，敦促他們執行《康斯托克法案》，制止通過郵寄方式肆無忌憚地分發墮胎藥。

One of those members of Congress was Senator J.D.

其中一位國會議員是參議員 J.D.

Vance, who is now running to be Trump's vice president.

萬斯，他現在正在競選特朗普的副總統。

It's pretty straightforward to see how the revived Comstock Act could be interpreted to prohibit the mailing of abortion pills from providers to patients.

很容易理解，恢復生效的《康斯托克法案》可以被解釋為禁止從醫療機構向患者郵寄墮胎藥。

But if that's the case, there's no reason it wouldn't also prohibit the shipping of abortion pills from manufacturers to providers.

但如果是這樣的話，就沒有理由不同時禁止將墮胎藥從製造商運送給醫療服務提供者。

About two thirds of abortion are done with pills now, but about a third are done with instruments.

目前，約有三分之二的人工流產使用藥片，但約有三分之一的人工流產使用器械。

And mailing those instruments could be a violation of Comstock law if the Trump administration interprets Comstock as prohibiting the mailing of anything that could accomplish an abortion.

如果特朗普政府將康斯托克法解釋為禁止郵寄任何可能導致墮胎的物品，那麼郵寄這些工具就可能違反康斯托克法。

And that would shut down abortion nationwide in all states because every doctor orders things from out of state.

這樣一來，全國各州的墮胎手術都會停止，因為每個醫生都會從州外下訂單。

An administration enforcing the Comstock Act would probably target the two major manufacturers of mifepristone first.

執行《康斯托克法案》的政府可能會首先針對米非司酮的兩大製造商。

And just going after a few doctors would probably be enough to create a chilling effect on all doctors providing abortions everywhere in the U.S.

而僅僅對幾名醫生下手，可能就足以對美國各地所有提供墮胎服務的醫生產生寒蟬效應。

今年 8 月，特朗普終於談到了這個問題。

It's kind of been Trump's game plan from the beginning to be confusing about what exactly he means on abortion.

從一開始，特朗普的遊戲計劃就是混淆他在墮胎問題上的確切含義。

Would you enforce the Comstock Act, which could prohibit the distribution of medication abortion by mail?

您是否會執行《康斯托克法案》（Comstock Act），禁止郵寄藥物流產？

And then we will be discussing specifics of it.

然後，我們將討論其中的具體細節。

But I don't know what generally no means or we'll discuss the specifics.

但我不知道一般 "不 "是什麼意思，或者我們來討論一下具體細節。

Does that mean you're going to prosecute some people, but not other people?

這是否意味著你會起訴某些人，但不會起訴其他人？

Does it mean you're going to prosecute people sometimes and not like he hasn't been as clear, I think, as is sometimes reported.

這是否意味著你有時會起訴一些人，而不是像有時報道的那樣，我認為他的態度並不明確。

Look at what he's done rather than what he says he will do.

看看他做了什麼，而不是他說要做什麼。

看看他的支持者都是些什麼人。

He says what he says to get elected to office.

We don't know what will happen with the Comstock Act.

我們不知道《康斯托克法案》會發生什麼變化。

If Democrats win control of the government, they could repeal it.

如果民主黨贏得政府控制權，他們就可以廢除該法案。

But after a really quick break, we're going to talk about one final part of the plan to ban abortion.

稍事休息後，我們將討論禁止墮胎計劃的最後一部分。

A longer play where the 2024 election is just step one.

一個更長的劇本，2024 年的選舉只是第一步。

If you like when we do this kind of video where we try to explain a dense, tricky topic, the best way you can support that is by becoming a Vox member.

如果你喜歡我們製作的這種視頻，喜歡我們試圖解釋一個晦澀難懂的話題，那麼成為 Vox 會員就是你支持我們的最好方式。

Our website has member only benefits that give you greater access to our reporters.

我們的網站具有會員專享的優勢，讓您有更多機會接觸我們的記者。

And becoming a member will just help allow us to do this kind of original work reporting on challenging subjects.

成為我們的會員，將有助於我們開展此類原創工作，報道具有挑戰性的主題。

You can support us at vox.com slash memberships.

您可以通過 vox.com slash memberships 支持我們。

This is the 2024 Republican Party platform.

It says, we stand for families and life and that the 14th Amendment guarantees no person can be denied life or liberty.

它說，我們支持家庭和生命，第 14 條修正案保證任何人都不能被剝奪生命或自由。

Anytime you see these phrases together, 14th Amendment and the repeated use of the word life, they are talking about an idea called fetal personhood.

每當你看到第 14 條修正案和反覆使用的 "生命 "一詞時，你就會聯想到胎兒的人格。

Fetal personhood gives fetuses, embryos, fertilized eggs full constitutional rights under the 14th Amendment with the assumption that those rights would override the rights of pregnant people.

胎兒人格賦予胎兒、胚胎、受精卵第 14 修正案規定的全部憲法權利，並假定這些權利將優先於孕婦的權利。

The anti-abortion movement has thought of fetal personhood as the kind of endgame since the 1960s.

自 20 世紀 60 年代起，反墮胎運動就將胎兒的人格視為終極目標。

To the extent that Comstock approximates a national ban, fetal personhood is pretty much a ban full stop.

就 Comstock 近似於全國性禁令的程度而言，胎兒人格幾乎就是一項全面禁令。

You can't legally justify abortion if the law says that embryos are people. 19 of the states actually already have some form of personhood law on the books.

如果法律規定胚胎是人，你就無法從法律上證明墮胎是正當的。事實上，有 19 個州已經制定了某種形式的人格法。

But on the national level, this is almost certainly not something Congress will be able to pass.

但在國家層面，這幾乎肯定不是國會能夠通過的。

And it's not something the president can do either.

It will have to be done through the courts.

This is where the anti-abortion movement ultimately wants to go.

這就是反墮胎運動的最終目的。

這可以說是下一個 "羅伊訴 "案。

In 2019, an anti-abortion group filed a lawsuit in the state of Rhode Island asking the state's court to block Rhode Island's abortion rights law on the basis that human life commences at the instant of conception and that said human life is a person.

2019 年，一個反墮胎組織在羅德島州提起訴訟，要求該州法院阻止羅德島州的墮胎權利法，理由是人的生命始於受孕瞬間，並且所述人的生命是一個人。

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特朗普究竟如何禁止墮胎 (Exactly how Trump could ban abortion)

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