Name: 比爾-蓋茨稱未來 20 年將捐出大部分財產 | DW News (Bill Gates says he will donate much of his fortune in the next 20 years | DW News)
Uploaded: 2025-05-09T10:08:22.000Z
Duration: 5 min 42 s

Microsoft co founder Bill Gates, one of the world's richest people, has announced plans to give away much of his fortune over the next 20 years.

微軟聯合創始人比爾-蓋茨（Bill Gates）是世界上最富有的人之一，他宣佈計劃在未來 20 年內捐出自己的大部分財產。

反身代名詞

Since leaving the boardroom, Gates has devoted himself to charity work.

離開董事會後，蓋茨投身於慈善事業。

His foundation has already given away $100 billion on projects like vaccines and the global fight against diseases like malaria and AIDS.

他的基金會已經在疫苗和全球抗擊瘧疾、艾滋病等疾病的項目上捐出了 1,000 億美元。

But despite the support of wealthy individuals like himself, Gates said progress is only possible with government backing.

但蓋茨說，儘管有像他這樣的富豪的支持，但只有在政府的支持下才有可能取得進展。

In an interview, Gates took a swipe at the world's current richest person, Elon Musk, for his U.S. government role in slashing vital programs like USAID.

在一次採訪中，蓋茨抨擊了當今世界首富埃隆-馬斯克（Elon Musk），因為他在美國政府削減美國國際開發署（USAID）等重要項目中扮演了重要角色。

I think Elon, you know, hasn't been out in the field and met these USAID workers like I have.

我想，埃隆，你知道的，還沒有像我一樣去實地接觸過這些美國國際開發署的工作人員。

You know, we're talking about tens of millions of lives that have been saved through these partnerships.

要知道，通過這些合作關係，我們拯救了數千萬人的生命。

And, uh, you know, everybody should be excited about every single death we avoid.

而且，呃，你知道，每個人都應該為我們避免的每一次死亡而感到興奮。

For more, I'm joined now by Antoine de Benji Pouvelet.

安託萬-德-本吉-普韋萊（Antoine de Benji Pouvelet）將為您帶來更多報道。

He's a researcher in global health policy at the University of Oslo in Norway.

他是挪威奧斯陸大學全球衛生政策研究員。

He's been studying the work of the Gates Foundation.

他一直在研究蓋茨基金會的工作。

It's good to have you on the program, Antoine.

很高興你能來參加節目，安託萬。

I'd like to start by asking you how much of an example do you think Bill Gates is setting for the world's other billionaires?

我想先問你，你認為比爾-蓋茨為世界上其他億萬富翁樹立了多大的榜樣？

I mean, do you think others will follow suit?

我是說，你認為其他人會效仿嗎？

Bill Gates already had a tremendous impact on the philanthropic sector with his campaign, The Giving Pledge, which aims to convince other wealthy individuals to give more of their, most of their fortune while living or just in their wills.

比爾-蓋茨發起的 "捐贈誓言 "運動已經對慈善事業產生了巨大影響，該運動旨在說服其他富豪在世時或在遺囑中捐出更多或大部分財產。

So, um, it already has a tremendous impact, and this definitely sets a precedent.

所以，嗯，它已經產生了巨大的影響，這無疑開創了一個先例。

You've studied the Gates Foundation's workings, and you co-authored an article raising some flags about the way it operates.

你研究過蓋茨基金會的運作，還與人合作撰寫了一篇文章，對其運作方式提出了一些質疑。

Well, it's definitely raises some questions.

The fact that the Gates Foundation has been incredibly, um, clever in convincing our governments to invest together with him in joint projects, and he has done so by elaborating a very elaborate strategic way of working to influence them, both directly through regular meetings.

事實上，蓋茨基金會在說服我們各國政府與他共同投資於聯合項目方面，表現出了令人難以置信的聰明才智，而且他是通過精心設計的戰略工作方式來影響各國政府的，既直接通過定期會議來影響它們。

So, for instance, in the UK, we could document over 10 meetings a year with ministers, between ministers and the Gates Foundation, but also working through other organizations like NGOs, the media, think tanks, universities, to influence policy through policy and advocacy grants.

是以，以英國為例，我們可以記錄下每年與部長、部長與蓋茨基金會之間的 10 多次會議，同時也通過非政府組織、媒體、智庫、大學等其他組織開展工作，通過政策和宣傳贈款來影響政策。

For instance, in Germany, the Gates Foundation spent over 4 million euros a year in direct lobbying, and over 6 million euros a year in advocacy and policy grant to influence policy, but in more indirect ways.

例如，在德國，蓋茨基金會每年用於直接遊說的費用超過 400 萬歐元，用於宣傳和政策贈款的費用超過 600 萬歐元，以更間接的方式影響政策。

So, you think that perhaps the foundation or Gates himself may be a little too political for his own good?

所以，你認為基金會或蓋茨本人可能有點過於政治化了？

Well, they definitely have a considerable influence in the way our government spends development and aid budgets, and that raises some questions, because if everyone is a partner of the Gates Foundation, who's left to hold them accountable?

他們對我國政府如何使用發展和援助預算肯定有相當大的影響，這就提出了一些問題，因為如果每個人都是蓋茨基金會的合作伙伴，還有誰能讓他們承擔責任呢？

The Gates Foundation is a private foundation.

蓋茨基金會是一個私人基金會。

It means that it answers only to its chairman, who is Gates, so Bill Gates himself.

這意味著它只聽命於董事長蓋茨，也就是比爾-蓋茨本人。

He's not an elected official, he doesn't have a public mandate, and there is very few ways to hold him accountable for the policies he implements.

他不是民選官員，沒有公眾授權，很少有辦法讓他對自己執行的政策負責。

So, he really shapes the entire global health field, which has done a tremendous work in saving lives and doing things, but also has brought the whole thing into a very particular, narrow focus, focused on technologies, vaccines, and these kind of things, and kind of leaving on the side more kind of structural health system approach that governments might have taken otherwise.

是以，他確實塑造了整個全球衛生領域，該領域在拯救生命和開展工作方面做了大量工作，但也將整個事情帶入了一個非常特殊、狹隘的焦點，專注於技術、疫苗和這類事情，而將政府可能採取的更多結構性衛生系統方法擱置一邊。

For the people who benefit from programs funded by donors, does it matter where the money comes from in the end?

對於受益於捐助者資助項目的人來說，錢最終從哪裡來重要嗎？

Well, actually, the distinction is not so clear anymore, precisely because the Gates Foundation has been so good at working together with governments through public-private partnerships and joint programs.

實際上，這種區別已經不那麼明顯了，正是因為蓋茨基金會非常善於通過公私合作和聯合項目與政府合作。

So, what we find is that most of the Gates Foundation's money is actually very useful in convincing other governments to invest together with them.

是以，我們發現蓋茨基金會的大部分資金在說服其他政府與他們共同投資方面其實非常有用。

They leverage the aid budgets to achieve their goals.

他們利用援助預算來實現自己的目標。

So, ultimately, the public and the private money are blended together in joint initiatives.

是以，最終公共資金和私人資金在聯合行動中融合在一起。

Yeah, the name and the money, of course, yeah, they have a lot of power, especially together.

是的，名和利，當然，是的，它們有很大的力量，尤其是在一起的時候。

Let me ask you, before we run out of time, what kind of transparency rules do you think are essential for charitable organizations like the Gates Foundation?

在時間用完之前，我想請問您，您認為什麼樣的透明度規則對蓋茨基金會這樣的慈善組織至關重要？

Well, they definitely need to be very open as to who they fund, how they fund and why they fund people.

那麼，他們肯定需要非常公開地說明資助對象、資助方式和資助原因。

But I also think it's not only about the rules to regulate the foundation, it's about our own rules, how our governments engage with them, how our civil society organizations engage with them, and how transparent they are about it.

但我也認為，這不僅關係到監管基金會的規則，也關係到我們自己的規則，關係到我們的政府如何與它們打交道，我們的民間社會組織如何與它們打交道，以及它們在這方面的透明度如何。

So, I think it's very important to have solid regulations in place, oversight, public accountability and public debates around the role of private foundations like the Gates Foundation.

是以，我認為，圍繞蓋茨基金會這樣的私人基金會的作用，制定堅實的法規、進行監督、實行公共問責和公開辯論是非常重要的。

Antoine de Benguet-Puvelet, we appreciate you taking the time to talk with us this evening.

安託萬-德本格特-普韋萊，感謝您今晚抽出時間與我們交談。