Name: 你的「第二大腦」會如何改變你的思維方式？ (How your ‘second brain’ changes the way you think | BBC Global)
Uploaded: 2025-05-07T21:01:10.000Z
Duration: 2 min 21 s

We all know the brain is fundamental in influencing how we think, feel and behave,

我們都知道，大腦是影響我們的思維、感覺和行為的根本，

but we also have a second brain, and it plays a surprising role in shaping our thoughts, moods, and even our mental health.

但我們還有第二個大腦，它在塑造我們的思想、情緒甚至心理健康方面發揮著驚人的作用。

關係子句

This second brain is in our gut, which is filled with all kinds of bacteria, fungi and microorganisms.

這第二個大腦就在我們的腸道中，裡面充滿了各種細菌、真菌和微生物。

They are collectively known as the gut microbiota.

They play a vital role in helping us stay healthy from our digestion, metabolism and disease prevention.

它們在幫助我們保持消化、新陳代謝和預防疾病等方面的健康方面發揮著至關重要的作用。

But what's lesser known is that they can influence our behavior fom our mood to our memory.

但鮮為人知的是，它們會影響我們的行為，從我們的情緒到我們的記憶。

The idea of a gut-brain connection has been established since the 19th century.

「腸腦聯繫」的概念早在 19 世紀就已確立。

A surgeon named William Beaumont worked with a patient, Alexis St Martin, who lived with a hole in his stomach from a gunshot wound.

一位名叫威廉-博蒙特（William Beaumont）的外科醫生曾與一位名叫亞歷克西斯-聖馬丁（Alexis St Martin）的病人共事，他的胃部因槍傷而破了一個洞。

In a series of dubiously unethical experiments, he learned how St Martin's emotions influenced his digestion, his injury therefore provided Beaumont with the unique insight into the inner workings of the gut.

在一系列可疑的不道德實驗中，他了解到聖馬丁的情緒如何影響他的消化，因此他的受傷為博蒙特提供了腸道內部運作的獨特見解。

Fast forward to the present day, and it's clear that there are numerous ways our gut affects our mind.

時至今日，我們可以清楚地看到，我們的腸道通過多種方式影響著我們的大腦。

Our microbes regulate the immune system, producing chemicals that directly impact brain activity, and even influence the development of neural pathways in the brain.

我們的微生物能調節免疫系統，產生直接影響大腦活動的化學物質，甚至影響大腦神經通路的發育。

Research on animals has shown that germ free mice raised in sterile environments without any microbes are more anxious and less social compared to those with a normal range of microbiota.

對動物的研究表明，在沒有任何微生物的無菌環境中飼養的無菌小鼠，與那些擁有正常微生物群的小鼠相比，更容易焦慮，社交能力更差。

While mice on antibiotics, which reduce microbes, have been found to be more hyperactive, prone to taking risks and showed a decline in their memory.

而服用抗生素（能減少微生物）的小鼠被發現更加多動，容易冒險，記憶力也有所下降。

A better understanding of how our gut impacts our behavior could help scientists find better treatment for mental health conditions.

更好地瞭解我們的腸道如何影響我們的行為，有助於科學家找到治療精神疾病的更好方法。

For example, reduced levels of certain bacteria are common in individuals with mental health concerns, one study found that taking a probiotic tablet helped those with depression.

例如，某些細菌水準的降低在有心理健康問題的人中很常見，一項研究發現，服用益生菌對憂鬱症患者有幫助。

Although research in humans in this area is still emerging, it's clear that eating well doesn't just benefit the body, but also the mind.

雖然這方面的人體研究仍在進行中，但很明顯，吃得好不僅對身體有益，對心理也有好處。