Name: 南海為何是顆定時炸彈 (Why the South China Sea is a time bomb)
Uploaded: 2025-05-01T09:29:00.000Z
Duration: 11 min 8 s

基礎被動語態

In June 2024, this ship from the Philippines Navy was rammed by two ships from the Chinese

2024 年 6 月，菲律賓海軍的這艘軍艦遭到中國海軍兩艘軍艦的撞擊。

China's Coast Guard is seen brandishing axes and knives.

人們看到中國海岸警衛隊揮舞著斧頭和刀子。

It happened at a shallow reef called Second Thomas Shoal, where the Philippines have a few soldiers stationed on a grounded ship.

事件發生在一個叫第二托馬斯淺灘的淺礁上，菲律賓在那裡的一艘擱淺的船上駐紮了幾名阿兵哥。

China also claims the reef, and in early 2024 began to prevent the Philippines from reaching

中國也聲稱擁有該島礁，並於 2024 年初開始阻止菲律賓進入該島礁。

When the Philippines made another attempt in June, the Chinese Coast Guard rammed them.

6 月，當菲律賓再次試圖出海時，中國海警衝撞了他們。

This would be a minor incident if it weren't in one of the most contentious places on earth.

如果不是發生在地球上最有爭議的地方之一，這還只是一件小事。

And a storm is brewing in the South China Sea.

Another confrontation has taken place between Chinese and Philippine vessels.

中國和菲律賓的船隻之間又發生了衝突。

這是兩週內的第二次此類活動。

These giant ships are essentially playing chicken.

這些巨型飛船實質上是在玩 "膽小鬼 "遊戲。

A high seas confrontation that could ignite a war.

一場可能引發戰爭的公海對抗。

These countries claim parts of the South China Sea.

這些國家聲稱擁有南海的部分海域。

You have fishers, you have these militia actors, you have multiple nations.

有漁民，有民兵，有多個國家。

There's a lot more variables and there's a lot more chance that something unintended happens that you cannot de-escalate.

變數更多，發生意外情況而無法緩和的可能性也更大。

So what's driving up tensions in the South China Sea?

那麼，是什麼加劇了南海的緊張局勢？

In the South China Sea, the stakes couldn't be higher.

在南中國海，利害關係再大也不過了。

Tens of millions of barrels of oil and gas sit below it.

其下方蘊藏著數千萬桶石油和天然氣。

Shipping routes that carry $3.4 trillion in annual trade run through it.

每年有 3.4 萬億美元貿易額的航運路線經過這裡。

And its dwindling fisheries sustain millions of people.

日益減少的漁業養活了數百萬人。

The Philippines, Malaysia, Brunei, Taiwan, and Vietnam are each claiming rights to waters roughly up to 200 nautical miles off their shores.

菲律賓、馬來西亞、文萊、臺灣和越南各自聲稱對距離其海岸大約 200 海里的水域擁有權利。

These exclusive economic zones are prescribed under international law.

這些專屬經濟區是國際法規定的。

It illustrates its claim with this nine-dash line, something its government drew over 70 years ago.

它用這條九段線來說明自己的主張，這是該國政府 70 多年前畫的。

They claim some form of historic rights, but what exactly they're claiming within that line has never been clarified.

他們聲稱擁有某種形式的歷史權利，但在這一界限內他們究竟聲稱了什麼卻從未得到澄清。

I called Harrison Praetette, an expert on the territorial disputes in the South China

我致電南中國海領土爭端專家哈里森-普拉埃特（Harrison Praetette）。

I want China's identity now to be a strong nation that does not cede its territory to others.

我希望中國現在的身份是一個不割讓領土的強大國家。

In fact, in 2023, China added a 10th dash next to Taiwan.

事實上，2023 年，中國在臺灣旁邊增加了第 10 個破折號。

But the problem with this line is that China's the only country that recognizes it.

但這條線路的問題在於，中國是唯一承認它的國家。

In 2016, an international court ruled that it has no legal basis.

2016 年，一家國際法院裁定，該法案沒有法律依據。

But that hasn't stopped China from trying to take control of it anyways.

但無論如何，這並沒有阻止中國試圖控制它。

It's been occupying rocks and reefs all over the South China Sea, and even building new islands.

它一直在侵佔中國南海的礁石，甚至建造新的島嶼。

In the Spratly Islands, three other countries have claims.

在南沙群島，另有三個國家提出了主權要求。

But over the last decade, China piled sand onto reefs to build bases, complete with airstrips, weapons, and harbors for its ships.

但在過去十年中，中國在島礁上堆沙建造基地，配備簡易機場、武器和船港。

China uses them to extend its claim, and support a huge fleet of vessels to enforce it.

中國利用它們來擴大自己的聲索，並支持一支龐大的艦隊來實施聲索。

In 2014, it placed an oil rig within Vietnam's EEZ and sent dozens of ships there, to prevent

2014 年，它在越南專屬經濟區內安置了一個石油鑽井平臺，並派出數十艘船隻，以防止

And as the Vietnamese protested, China didn't back down.

在越南的抗議下，中國並沒有退縮。

In 2021, it ordered more than 200 fishing boats to dock at the unoccupied Whitsun Reef, leading the Philippines to worry that China was preparing to build on it, sparking a standoff that lasted for months, until the boats left.

2021 年，中國命令 200 多艘漁船停靠在無人居住的惠州礁，導致菲律賓擔心中國準備在惠州礁上建島，引發了持續數月的對峙，直到漁船離開。

不過，中國發出的資訊很明確。

If it does not occupy, control, and exclusively exploit the South China Sea, then it should have the say over who does.

如果它不佔領、控制和專門開發南海，那麼它就應該對誰佔領、控制和專門開發南海擁有發言權。

But today, its neighbors are fighting back.

So I've covered the South China Sea before, but this time when I dove in, everything had changed.

我以前報道過南海，但這次當我潛入南海時，一切都變了。

New players, new locations, and the stakes were higher than ever.

新玩家、新地點，賭注比以往任何時候都大。

Thankfully, I was able to stay organized thanks to Ground News.

幸虧有《地面新聞》，我才能保持井井有條。

That's a website and app that gathers stories from all over the world.

這是一個收集世界各地故事的網站和應用程序。

And I love using it for complex stories just like this one.

我喜歡用它來寫複雜的故事，就像這個故事一樣。

Take China's own efforts to expand its maritime boundaries.

就拿中國自己拓展海洋疆界的努力來說吧。

Thanks to Ground News, I'm able to see that over 70 outlets reported on it and filter them by political bias, recency, location, even government affiliation.

多虧了 Ground News，我才能看到有 70 多個媒體對此進行了報道，並根據政治偏見、時間間隔、地點，甚至政府隸屬關係對它們進行了過濾。

Personally, I focus on sources with very high factuality in order to understand the deeper national interests and biases shaping the headlines.

就我個人而言，我關注事實性極強的消息來源，以便了解影響頭條新聞的深層國家利益和偏見。

These tools tag every story and headline so you have all the context you need to dig deeper.

這些工具會對每篇報道和標題進行標記，以便您掌握深入挖掘所需的所有背景資訊。

And I love the interactive map feature that lets you explore news from anywhere in the world.

我喜歡互動地圖功能，它能讓你從世界任何地方瀏覽新聞。

With the second Trump administration starting, global hotspots like the South China Sea are more important than ever.

隨著特朗普第二屆政府的上臺，像南海這樣的全球熱點問題比以往任何時候都更加重要。

So I use Ground News as my go-to for breaking news stories.

是以，我將 "地面新聞 "作為我獲取突發新聞的首選。

And I also use it to keep track of my own media blind spots.

我還用它來追蹤自己的媒體盲點。

If you're a fan of Search Party, this is the kind of thing you're into.

如果你是 "搜索黨 "的粉絲，你就會喜歡上這種東西。

Go to ground.news.searchparty or use this QR code and you'll get 40% off their Vantage

訪問 ground.news.searchparty 或使用此二維碼，即可享受 Vantage 4 折優惠。

It's great for anyone, again, who wants a clear understanding of the world.

對於任何想要清晰瞭解世界的人來說，這也是一本好書。

And I'll take you back to the South China Sea.

So China's essentially been trying to overrule the claims of the other countries in the South

是以，中國實質上一直在試圖推翻南海其他國家的主張。

And each has been reacting to that in a slightly different way.

而每個人對此的反應也略有不同。

I thought it'd be useful to rank them from the least to the most aggressive.

我想，把它們從攻擊性最小到攻擊性最大排列出來會很有用。

Taiwan and Brunei have essentially surrendered.

Taiwan doesn't want to risk further conflict with China, while Brunei depends on China for most of its trade.

臺灣不想冒與中國發生進一步衝突的風險，而文萊的大部分貿易都依賴中國。

Malaysia is typically quiet too, except for when it explores for oil and gas, whereas

除了開採石油和天然氣，馬來西亞通常也很安靜。

EEZ overlaps with China's Nine-Dash Line.

專屬經濟區與中國九段線重疊。

China protests, but Malaysia refuses to stop.

中國提出抗議，但馬來西亞拒絕停止。

It claims a number of reefs and islands, and has begun to copy China's tactics.

它聲稱擁有一些島礁和島嶼，並開始模仿中國的策略。

It's built this reef into an island base, and greatly extended the size of two others.

它把這個珊瑚礁建成了一個島嶼基地，並大大擴展了另外兩個珊瑚礁的面積。

In fact, since 2022, Vietnam's reclaimed more land than China has.

事實上，自 2022 年以來，越南填海造地的面積超過了中國。

But for some reason, China hasn't stopped it.

但出於某種原因，中國並沒有阻止它。

Maybe they're putting a premium on those kind of party-to-party, communist party ties in

也許他們更看重黨與黨之間、共產黨與共產黨之間的聯繫。

To be honest, there has to be a Chinese response at some point.

老實說，中國在某些時候必須做出迴應。

It could be that China's too busy dealing with an even more aggressive adversary, the

這可能是因為中國正忙於應對一個更加咄咄逼人的對手--美國。

This country will not lose one inch of its territory.

When Ferdinand Bongbong Marcos Jr. took power in 2022, he reversed the Philippines' strategy.

2022 年，小費迪南德-邦邦-馬科斯上臺後，改變了菲律賓的戰略。

His predecessor had mostly avoided talking about China's island-building and activities in the South China Sea, but Marcos ordered his navy to start publicizing them.

他的前任對中國在南海的島礁建設和活動大多避而不談，但馬科斯命令他的海軍開始宣傳這些活動。

It began releasing videos showing how the Chinese Coast Guard shadows its ships, cuts them off, and even blasts them with water cannons.

該組織開始發佈視頻，展示中國海岸警衛隊如何跟蹤其船隻、將其攔截，甚至用水炮轟擊。

By publicizing China's actions, the Philippines hopes to form a common front with its neighbors and get sympathy from abroad.

通過宣傳中國的行動，菲律賓希望與鄰國結成共同陣線，並獲得國外的同情。

Sabina Shull was claimed by both countries, but neither has built any permanent structures.

兩個國家都聲稱擁有薩賓納沙爾，但都沒有建造任何永久性建築。

When the Philippines docked a ship there in April 2024, Chinese ships surrounded it, then rammed it over and over until it was forced to leave.

2024 年 4 月，當菲律賓的一艘船停靠在那裡時，中國船隻將其包圍，然後一次又一次地撞擊它，直到它被迫離開。

China's kind of faced with an interesting decision, is like, well, do we lighten up so that we don't look so bad in the international media?

中國面臨著一個有趣的抉擇，那就是，我們要不要放輕鬆，讓我們在國際媒體上看起來不那麼糟糕？

Or do we try to punish them harder because now they're trying to make us look bad?

還是因為他們想讓我們難堪，我們就更加嚴厲地懲罰他們？

Essentially, they've sided on the second option every time.

從根本上說，他們每次都會選擇第二種方案。

That's exactly what happened in June 2024, when the Philippines sent a boat to resupply its men on Second Thomas Shull, then China refused to let them.

這正是 2024 年 6 月發生的事情，當時菲律賓派遣一艘船前往 "托馬斯-舒爾第二號 "補給其人員，但中國拒絕讓他們前往。

字幕列表影片播放

南海為何是顆定時炸彈 (Why the South China Sea is a time bomb)

ultimately

episode

essentially

demonstrate