The town center was beautiful, the houses looked idyllic, the streets cozy and inviting.

鎮中心很美，房子看起來很田園，街道很舒適，很吸引人。

It was figuratively a Main Street USA that you could actually live in.

這是一個形象的美國大街，你可以真正生活在這裡。

However it wouldn't be long before the flaws and troubles of the town began to surface

然而沒過多久，小鎮的缺陷和煩惱就開始浮現了出來。

and it would start to receive criticism from the outside.

並將開始接受外界的責備。

What was meant to be a perfect town was apparently not so perfect.

本來是一個完美的小鎮，但顯然不是那麼完美。

Announcer: “When it was first announced, demand to live here was so high Disney ran a lottery.

播音員："當它第一次被宣佈時， 住在這裡的需求是如此之高 迪斯尼進行抽籤。

Bill and Susan Bona were among the first 400 winners.”

比爾和蘇珊-博納是首批400名獲獎者之一。"

Susan: “I think people came here because- thinking they were gonna be living on Main

蘇珊："我想人們來到這裡是因為--以為他們會住在美因河畔。

Street USA and you know the pixie dust would be sprinkled and their life would be perfect

美國街頭，你知道精靈塵會被灑下，他們的生活將是完美的。

and they wanted the monorail to pick them up at their front door and you know this is

他們希望單軌接他們 在他們的前門，你知道這是。

real life, real mortgages, real jobs.”

真正的生活，真正的抵押貸款，真正的工作。"

While many residents of the brand new town were quick to praise the sense of community

雖然許多新鎮的居民很快就對社區意識表示讚許。

that the neotraditionalist design aimed to foster, they were also quick to highlight

他們還迅速地強調了新傳統主義設計所要培養的新思維。

a pretty glaring flaw, which is that the houses… well… they kind of sucked.

一個非常明顯的缺陷，這是房子... ... 嗯... ...他們有點吸。

Back in its initial stages, Disney opted to use contractors to build the homes of Celebration

早在最初階段，迪士尼就選擇了用承包商來建造慶典的家園。

rather than building the houses themselves.

而不是自己蓋房子。

It would hurt their bottom line since they had to pay the third party companies to do

這將損害他們的底線，因為他們不得不支付第三方公司做。

the building, but the benefit was that they wouldn't have to manage the logistics of

但這樣做的好處是，他們不用管理物流的問題。

constructing thousands of homes over the decade or so they expected it would take to complete the town.

在他們預計的十幾年時間裡，建造了數千棟房屋，完成了小鎮的建設。

So they reached out to a number of different companies who specialized in home construction

於是，他們聯繫了一些不同的公司，這些公司都是專門從事家居建設的。

and put them to work as fast as they could, and while that speedy construction would prove

並讓他們儘快地投入到工作中去，而這種快速的建設將證明

helpful in the growth of Celebration, it would ultimately hurt the homes themselves.

有助於慶功會的發展，但最終會傷害到家園本身。

Problems with the houses began to spring up, and they ranged from small issues like outlets

房子的問題開始冒出來了，小到插座等問題

not working to major ones like leaking roofs and moldy walls.

對主要的如屋頂漏水、牆壁發黴等不工作。

Many residents found themselves requesting repair after repair.

很多居民發現自己要求修了又修。

Some of the contractors would later argue that a large factor in the sub-par construction

一些承包人後來認為，施工品質不高的一個重要因素是......。

was the time crunch they were under and the sheer number of homes they had to complete.

是他們所面臨的時間緊迫和他們必須完成的房屋數量之多。

On top of that, the quick turnaround between planning and building meant that many of the

此外，從規劃到建設的快速週轉意味著許多人都是 "不務正業"。

out-of-state companies had no time to foster working relationships with good local subcontractors

州外公司沒有時間與當地優秀的分包商建立工作關係。

who would provide quality building supplies and additional labor.

誰會提供高質量的建築用品和額外的勞動力。

They also claimed that having to stick to Disney's strict style guidelines ultimately

他們還聲稱，不得不遵守迪士尼嚴格的風格準則，最終導致了

slowed them down and increased costs.

減慢了他們的速度，增加了成本。

Lastly, Celebration came about at a time where there was a housing boom in central Florida,

最後，Celebration的出現，正值佛羅里達州中部的住房熱潮。

which led to a shortage in skilled workers who really knew what they were doing.

導致真正懂行的技術工人短缺。

Some outlets, like the Tampa Tribune, also made the case that perception played a big

一些媒體，如《坦帕論壇報》，也提出了看法起到了很大的。

role in how bad the situation looked.

的作用，情況看起來有多糟糕。

Many of these homeowners were die-hard Disney fans, and they bought into the idea of a house

這些房主很多都是迪士尼的鐵桿粉絲，他們對房子的想法很買賬。

in Disney's town on Disney's property with the thought that Disney would be the ones

在迪斯尼的小鎮上，在迪斯尼的財產上，以為迪斯尼將是那些。

involved and taking care of everything.

參與並處理好一切。

Yet the reality of the situation was that once that contract was signed, it was pretty

然而現實的情況是，一旦簽訂了那份合同，就會很

much out Disney's hands.

多出迪士尼的手。

Eventually the complaints would pile up so high that in 1999 the town would commission

最後，投訴會越積越多，以至於在1999年，鎮裡將委託人

an independent inspection of the homes, and the results would show that of the initial

對各家醫院進行獨立檢查，檢查結果將顯示，在最初的檢查中。

batch of houses, over 70 would need to have their roofs completely replaced to meet industry standards

在這批房屋中，有70多間房屋需要全部更換屋頂，以達到行業標準。

Thankfully over the years as the town expanded at a much slower rate, the quality of the

值得慶幸的是，這些年隨著城鎮擴張速度的放緩，品質的提升，也讓我們的生活變得更加美好。

homes would improve and that list of problems would shrink.

家會得到改善，而這個問題清單也會縮小。

Celebration's K-12 school would also find itself getting off to a rocky start.

慶典的K-12學校也會發現自己的開局很不順利。

The school was meant to be cutting edge and use experimental educational techniques.

學校本來就是要走在最前沿，運用實驗教育技術。

For example, rather than typical classrooms of 20-30 students with one teacher, classes

例如，不是典型的20-30名學生的課堂，而是一個老師的課堂。

were made up of 80+ students from different grades with three teachers collectively overseeing everyone.

由來自不同年級的80多名學生組成，三位老師集體監督大家。

Instead of traditional grading systems, report cards were made up of more individualized

成績單不再是傳統的評分系統，而是由更多的個性化內容組成。

and detailed assessments.

和詳細評估。

In general many of the techniques attempted were ones that were already being tested elsewhere

一般來說，許多嘗試的技術都是已經在其他地方測試過的技術。

in the country, however where other schools would try to implement one technique, Celebration

在國內，然而在其他學校會嘗試實施一種技術的地方，慶典

was trying to do it all at once.

是想一次做完。

It lead to a confusing and hectic initial school year that resulted in six of the nineteen

這導致了開學初的混亂和忙碌，導致十九大中有六個人

full-time teachers, not to mention the principle, quitting.

專職教師就更不用說了，原則，辭職。

Now all of this on it's own would be worrying, but it was made even worse by the fact that

現在，所有這一切本身就會令人擔憂， 但它變得更加糟糕的事實是，

the following year the campus would be completed which meant that more students outside of

翌年，校園將建成，這意味著更多的外校學生將進入校園。

Celebration would begin attending the school.

慶祝活動將開始參加學校。

The student body would grow from just over 200 students to as many as 900 students.

學生人數將從200多人增加到900人之多。

The school would need a larger and capable faculty, yet it didn't even have a small

學校需要一支規模較大、能力較強的師資隊伍，但它卻連一個小的

capable faculty at that point.

在這一點上，有能力的教員。

For a few families in Celebration, that first year was so bad that they'd list their houses

對於慶祝會的幾戶人家來說，第一年的情況非常糟糕，他們會把自己的房子掛出來

for sale and move out.

出售和遷出。

The criticisms of Celebration weren't just coming from within the town, however.

對慶典的責備不僅僅來自於鎮內，但是。

Early on in it's development, the concept faced a lot of ridicule.

在它發展的早期，這個概念面臨著很多嘲笑。

Now in all honestly, this was largely an extension of the ridicule that Disney as a whole had

現在說實話，這很大程度上是對迪士尼整體的嘲笑的延伸

received since the early days of Disneyland.

自迪斯尼樂園成立之初就收到。

For many people, the promise of escaping reality to a perfectly designed and maintained fantasy

對許多人來說，承諾逃離現實，到一個設計和維護完美的幻想中去。

world is an appealing one.

世界是一個吸引人的世界。

It's a way to shed the stresses of daily life and embrace your inner child.

這是一種擺脫日常生活壓力，擁抱自己內心孩子的方式。

But for plenty of other people, the idea is unsettling.

但對於很多其他人來說，這個想法是不穩定的。

They find the artificial nature of everything and the perceived forced happiness as creepy.

他們覺得一切的人為性和認為的被迫幸福都是令人毛骨悚然的。

Celebration was no exception.

慶典也不例外。

Some argued that while striving to create a nicer and more communal town was a noble

有些人認為，雖然努力創造一個更美好、更公共的城鎮是一種高尚的。

goal, trying to force it through design regulations and the appearance of perfection was going too far.

目標，試圖通過設計規定和完美的外觀強行實現，這就太過分了。

And while that level of control and escapism worked when it came to a day or two at Disney

雖然這種程度的控制和逃避主義的工作 當它來到了一兩天在迪斯尼，

World, what would it mean to live it 24/7?

世界，如果24小時都生活在這個世界上，那意味著什麼？

For instance how would it affect children who would grow up there?

例如，它對在那裡長大的孩子會有什麼影響？

Would the overly safe bubble of a “perfect town” do more harm than good?

過於安全的 "完美小鎮 "的保麗龍會不會弊大於利？

After years in the town, would they be prepared to face the real world, which would look and

在小鎮上生活了多年，他們是否已經做好了面對現實世界的準備，這將會是一個看起來和。

operate nothing like Celebration?

操作起來一點也不像慶功會？

There was also the matter of accessibility.

此外，還有一個無障礙問題。

When the town was originally conceived, the idea was to include houses of affordable varied

當初在構思小鎮的時候，我們的想法是要把負擔得起的不同的房屋包括在內。

prices as well as different styles of apartments.

價格以及不同風格的公寓。

They'd be blended together in their layout in order to promote more diversity so that

它們在佈局上會混在一起，以促進更多的多樣性，從而使

there wouldn't be a “rich part” of town or “poor part” of town.

城裡不會有 "富人區 "或 "窮人區"。

But with the rising costs of the elaborate town center and school, not to mention the

但是，隨著精心打造的鎮中心和學校的成本不斷上升，不說是

very specific and detailed architectural guidelines, Disney quickly learned that the houses needed

非常具體和詳細的建築指南，迪斯尼很快就瞭解到，這些房子需要的是一個很好的環境。

to lean towards the expensive side to make up the costs.

以向貴的方面靠攏，彌補成本。

And so the homes in 1994 began at $125,000, which put the price at almost 20% over the

所以1994年的房子起價是12.5萬元，這讓價格在近20%的基礎上

county average at the time.

當時的全縣平均水平。

The result, was a town that served as an example of the growing socioeconomic divide.

結果，這個小鎮成為社會經濟分化日益嚴重的一個例子。

Celebration, Florida was over 80% white, and had a median income that was nearly double the county's

佛羅里達州的Celebration有超過80%的白人，收入中位數幾乎是該縣的兩倍'。

There were people working at shops and restaurants in the town center who couldn't afford to live there.

有的人在鎮中心的商店和餐館工作，他們沒有能力住在那裡。

Now to be fair it certainly wasn't the first or last community like that, but again, Disney was

現在公平地說，它肯定不是第一個或最後一個這樣的社區，但同樣，迪斯尼是

trying to market this as the ideal American town for other towns to emulate.

試圖將其作為美國理想的城鎮來推銷，讓其他城鎮效仿。

Trying to sell that idea without any economic or racial diversity did not look good for them.

在沒有任何經濟或種族多樣性的情況下，試圖推銷這種想法對他們來說並不是好事。

And then there was the matter of crime and accidents.

還有就是犯罪和事故的問題。

Now really, neither was much of a major problem in Celebration.

現在真的，在《慶典》中都沒有什麼大問題。

That said, like any other town in the country, it still happened.

話說回來，和國內其他城市一樣，還是發生了。

1998 would be the year Celebration would see its first armed home invasion, as well as

1998年是慶祝會第一次發生武裝入室事件的一年，同時也是慶祝會第一次發生武裝入室事件的一年。

the first death due to a car accident.

第一個死於車禍的人；

And while it would be unreasonable to expect a perfect town with zero crime and zero accidents,

雖然期待一個完美的小鎮，零犯罪、零事故是不合理的。

it's not surprising when the spotlight is turned on both when you try to sell your town as perfect.

這並不奇怪，當聚光燈轉到兩個 當你試圖推銷你的城市是完美的。

It was, more than anything else, a marketing problem for Disney.

這對迪士尼來說，更多的是營銷問題。

When someone crashes a car into a pond and drowns, as far as the media is concerned it

當有人把車撞到池塘裡淹死了，在媒體看來，這是

didn't happen in Celebration.

沒有發生在慶祝活動。

It happened in Disney's Celebration.

這事發生在迪士尼的慶典上。

With every house sold, Celebration inched forward towards all of the issues and troubles

每賣出一套房子，慶典就向著所有的問題和麻煩前進。

that came with most every town out there.

伴隨著每個城市的發展

At the same time, with every house sold, Disney's investment in the project was literally shrinking.

同時，每賣出一套房子，迪士尼在項目上的投資就真的縮水了。

A new home meant that much less land to sell, and that much less ownership over the town.

新房意味著少了很多可以賣的土地，也少了很多對城市的所有權。

They could, of course, retain ownership over the town center, but would it really be worth it?

當然，他們可以保留對城市中心的所有權，但這真的值得嗎？

After all, the lion's share of the revenue was in the land they were selling for houses.

畢竟，收入的絕大部分是在他們賣地買房的時候。

So in 2003 Disney began to divest itself from Celebration, announcing their intentions to

於是在2003年，迪斯尼開始從Celebration剝離，宣佈他們打算在

step back from the development and put the Town Center up for sale.

從發展中退一步，把城中村出售。

The town center would be purchased by a private investment firm called Lexin Capital for an

鎮中心將被一家名為Lexin Capital的私人投資公司收購，收購價為1.5億美元。

estimated $42 million dollars.

估計為4200萬美元。

Knowing that their name would be tied to the legacy of the town anyway, Disney included a stipulation

迪斯尼知道他們的名字無論如何都會和小鎮的遺產聯繫在一起，是以在其中加入了一個規定："如果你的名字和小鎮的遺產聯繫在一起，那麼你的名字就會和小鎮的遺產聯繫在一起"。

in the sale that the new owners would uphold the same design and building standards that

在銷售中，新的業主會堅持相同的設計和建築標準，而這些標準也會影響到他們的生活。

they first established back when the town began.

他們最早建立的時候，小鎮開始。

Between those sales and the land sales over the years, it put Disney's take on the project

在這些年的銷售和土地銷售之間，它把迪士尼對這個項目的看法

at an estimated $550 million.

估計為5.5億美元。

Not bad for a chunk of land they weren't using.

對於他們沒有使用的一塊土地來說，還算不錯。

The news prompted mixed reactions from residents.

此消息一出，居民反應不一。

Some welcomed the change in ownership, and hoped that it would mean more relaxed homeowner

一些人對所有權的變化表示歡迎，並希望這意味著更寬鬆的業主。

association rules down the line.

協會規則下來。

Others, however, felt abandoned.

然而，其他人則感到被拋棄了。

They had bought into the idea of Celebration as a town designed, built, and run by Disney,

他們已經相信了《慶典》是一個由迪士尼設計、建造、經營的小鎮。

and now Disney was leaving them.

而現在迪士尼卻要離開他們。

How do you measure the success of a town?

如何衡量一個城市的成功？

On the one hand, it was a financial success for The Walt Disney Company.

一方面，這對華特迪士尼公司來說，是一次經濟上的成功。

It helped with Osceola county's tax revenue, and it provided a place to live for many families

它幫助奧西奧拉縣的稅收，併為許多家庭提供了一個居住的地方。

who, despite all these troubles I just mentioned, were often still proud of the sense of community

儘管有我剛才提到的這些麻煩，但他們往往仍為社區意識而感到自豪。

that developed there.

在那裡發展起來的。

Disney wanted to build a town that would foster the idea of community, and it worked.

迪斯尼想建立一個能促進社區理念的小鎮，它成功了。

On the other hand, Disney also pitched the idea of a perfect town that the rest of the

另一方面，迪斯尼也投其所好，提出了一個完美的小鎮，其他的。

country could use as a model to base theirs off of, and with that they failed.

國家可以將其作為一個模式來借鏡，而這一點他們失敗了。

It was a development that many people were happy to live in, but it was very much one-of-a-kind,

這是一個很多人都樂於居住的樓盤，但它是非常的獨一無二的。

not a template for the new suburbs.

不是新郊區的模板。

Roy: “Celebration is really EPCOT I think in the end, in the sense of what Walt was

羅伊："慶祝活動其實就是EPCOT，我想在最後，在華特的意義上

looking for.

尋找：

A really nice place where people really live real lives and have the advantages of modern technology."

一個真正的好地方，人們真正過著真實的生活，擁有現代科技的優勢。"

So was Celebration successful?

那麼，《慶典》成功了嗎？

Personally, like the Disney parks themselves, I think it'll depend on who you ask.

個人認為，就像迪士尼樂園本身一樣，我覺得這要看你問誰。

For many it's a dream come true, and for others it's a failure.

對很多人來說是夢想成真，而對其他人來說則是失敗。

The reality, as is usually the case, probably lies somewhere in between.

通常情況下，現實可能介於兩者之間。

If you're new to the channel and want to get fresh Disney history videos every week,

如果你是新來的，想每週都能收到新鮮的迪士尼歷史視頻。

I'd ask that you consider subscribing.

我想請你考慮訂閱。

And if you're looking for a good next video to check out, I suggest the history of the

如果你想找一個好的下一個視頻來看看，我建議你看一下歷史上的。

Disney Cruise Line, which had a somewhat unique origin.

迪士尼郵輪公司，它的起源有些獨特。

Thank you for watching and I'll see you next time.

謝謝你的觀看，我&#39；下次再見。