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  • The main focus for new Vegans should always be eliminating meat, dairy and eggs

    剛轉純素的人,首要焦點應全放在除去肉蛋奶

  • It is not always practical or financially possible to replace

    替換掉所有過去購買的動物製品

  • every non- Vegan product that has already been purchased

    有時並不實際,經濟上可能也不允許

  • The damage has already been done once the product is bought

    畢竟購買當下,傷害已經造成

  • But once you deeply connect with Veganism,

    不過你若深深認同純素主義

  • it often becomes uncomfortable to wear clothing made from animals

    穿戴動物製成的服飾往往會變得不太自在

  • And as clothing becomes old and worn out,

    而這些服飾一旦被穿壞

  • you have a responsibility to replace all products with more ethical ones

    你便有責任替換掉它們,選購更人道的產品

  • The main industries which use animals for clothing are the

    用動物製成服飾的主要幾個產業分別為:

  • fur, leather, wool, down and silk industries

    皮草、皮革、羊毛、羽絨和蠶絲業

  • Most animals used for fur live and die on fur farms

    作為皮草用的動物一輩子幾乎都被關在養殖場

  • Animals like mink, rabbits and foxes are kept in small cages

    這些動物包含水貂、兔子和狐狸,全被囚禁在窄小的籠內

  • which cause a lot of physical and emotional stress

    令牠們身心承受極大的壓力

  • They're fed meat byproducts unfit for human consumption

    牠們被餵食不適合給人吃的碎肉渣

  • And they're killed in ways which protect their fur

    而宰殺牠們的方式因為不得損傷至其毛皮

  • Some methods like neck breaking, poisoning and anal electricution are common

    於是做法如扭斷脖子、毒害和電擊肛門,都極普遍

  • While fur clothing is becoming less fashionable,

    皮草大衣雖逐漸退流行

  • fur trim coats and boots are still popular

    有皮草裝飾的外套和靴子仍大行其道

  • Although finding faux fur should be simple,

    雖然要找到人造皮草本應不難

  • it is often cheaper to produce real fur than faux fur

    但礙於真皮草的生產成本往往更低

  • So some companies lie about their materials

    所以有些商家會謊報材質

  • meaning a product labelled as fake fur could still be made from an animal

    也就是說,標示為人造皮草的商品,恐怕還是使用動物製成的

  • The easiest way to avoid fur is to buy clothing without any kind of fur or faux fur

    避免買到真皮草最簡單的方式,就是選購完全不含皮草—包含人造皮草—的服飾

  • But if you do want to buy something,

    不過你要是真的想買

  • you can look on the Humane Society's list of certified faux fur companies

    可以查詢人道協會 (Humane Society) 認證的人造皮草廠商清單

  • And if you pull the hair back, you will see either a skin or fabric backing

    當你把毛掀開,就能看到底層來分辨是否為真皮

  • If you want to be certain about it once you've purchased it,

    若想更加確定,可在購買後

  • cut a few pieces of hair off and burn it

    剪下幾根毛來燃燒

  • If it's real, it's smell like burnt human hair

    若是真毛,味道會類似在焚燒人的毛髮

  • If it's fake, it'll smell of plastic

    而假毛則會產生塑膠味

  • If you find that it is real,

    如果你發現是真毛

  • you can take it back to the shop where you purchased it

    可以拿回原店家退貨

  • The fur industry has become a popular target for activists to critisise

    皮草業已成了越來越多動保人士批評的對象

  • Shame on you for supporting the fur industry!”

    「支持皮草很無恥」

  • But the leather industry's just as cruel

    然而皮革業同樣殘忍

  • People think that leather is merely a byproduct of the beef industry

    人們以為皮革只是牛肉業的副產品

  • but there is such a demand for leather that the animals are killed specifically for their skin

    實際上皮革的需求量不小,所以有動物專被殺來供應皮革

  • Most leather comes from India cows

    多數皮革源自印度牛

  • To transport them to a place where they can be legally murdered,

    為了將牛送至可合法宰殺的地區

  • cows are shoed and roped

    牛被釘上鐵蹄、套上繩索

  • then they're forced to walk through the heat and dust without food or water

    在沒有水及食物的情況下被迫在酷熱沙塵下行走

  • Many animals collapse from the stress of this

    許多牛承受不住而崩潰倒下

  • When they become weak ans slow, their tails are repeatedly pinched and broken

    當牠們虛弱地越走越慢時,尾巴會被反覆折捏至骨折

  • in a sick attempt to get them moving

    迫使牠們繼續移動

  • Handlers are in such a hurry that they use nose ropes and twist their necks and tails

    搬運工為了加速,他們會為牛隻穿上鼻繩,強拉牠們的脖子和尾巴

  • They also use chili peppers and tobacco to keep the animals moving

    並使用辣椒和菸草逼牠們繼續行走

  • They rub the pepper directly in their eyes in order to get the animal back on their feet

    工人會把辣椒揉擦進牛隻的眼睛裡,刺激牠們站起前進

  • The men that load them into the trucks are often forceful and rough

    將牠們推上卡車的人通常很粗暴

  • The new experience of travelling combined with

    在從未體驗過的運送過程

  • a lack of food and water leads to severe nausea

    又加上缺法水及食物,導致牠們嚴重暈車

  • Half of the animals are already dead before they arrive at the slaughterhouse

    有一半的牛抵達屠宰場前就已死亡

  • They're generally killed through hacking and sawing with a dull blade and are usually killed in full view of each other

    一般情況下,牠們會在同伴面前被鈍刀砍鋸而死

  • Leather can be sourced from many different animals including

    皮革可源自許多不同的動物

  • alligator, sheep, pigs and deer

    包含鱷魚、羊、豬以及鹿

  • And there are many different names for different types of leather

    不同種類的皮革也有不同的名字

  • Like buckskin, suede and shell cordovan

    如 buckskin (鹿皮)、麂皮、shell cordovan (馬革)

  • In spite of the incredible harm the leather industry causes,

    儘管皮革業對動物造成巨大的傷害

  • real leather has become a symbol of quality

    真皮儼然成了高級品的代名詞

  • So clothing made from Vegan materials are often coated with tiny amounts of cow skin

    即使服飾的主要成分非真皮,也常以少許的牛皮來裝飾

  • so that they can be labelled as real leather to increase sales in the market price

    如此商品就能標示為真皮,市價就提高了

  • Leather is probably the most common non- Vegan material

    皮革大概是最普遍的動物性材質

  • found in all kinds of clothing like bags, shoes, belts, jackets and gloves

    存在於各種服飾中,如包包、鞋子、皮帶、夾克和手套

  • Since leather is more expensive than syntehtical alternatives,

    由於真皮比合成皮昂貴

  • products are usually labelled as real leather

    真皮製品一般都會加以標示

  • which is easy to spot and avoid

    所以很容易發現、避開

  • Cheap products like shoes, bags and wallets are often

    低價位的皮鞋、皮包和皮夾通常

  • made from pleather which is plastic leather

    由 PU 皮—一種塑料皮革—所製成

  • There are also fake leather products made from PVC and

    其他仿皮產品則除了使用 PVC

  • high quality products made from materials like cork, kelp and microfibre

    更有其他用的是高級的材質如軟木、海藻和超細纖維

  • There seems to be a myth that all faux eather products are inferioir to cow skin

    大家似乎有「合成皮比牛皮不耐用」的迷思

  • While cheap, poorly produced faux leather does break down quicker

    廉價又粗製濫造的合成皮製品的確較容易損壞

  • due to cheaper subtitute ingredients being used in the manifacturing process

    那是因為生產過程使用的替代材料較為低廉

  • High quality leather alternatives are strong and durable and have a long lifespan

    然而高級的合成皮強韌、耐用、使用壽命長

  • Most clothing will have a clrear label

    大部分服飾都會清楚標示

  • For shoes, look on the inside of the heel or the underside of the tongue

    以鞋子來說,可以查看鞋跟內側或鞋舌下方

  • There should be a stamp somewhere saying smoething like:

    應該在某處會印有某些資訊

  • Leather upperorAll man made materials

    像是「真皮鞋面」或「全手工製」

  • Although sometimes there are just stickers with symbols

    不過有時只有印著符號的標籤貼紙

  • If tit's made of made of textile, man made materials or other materials,

    若標示為「織物」、「人造材質」或「其他材質」

  • they won't contain leather

    那就不含皮革

  • But don't be afraid to email companies or ask in shops

    也可勇於寫信問製造商,或向店家確認

  • Most people think that wool is just like a haircut for sheep

    大多數人以為羊毛只是為羊剃毛

  • so it can't be unethical

    沒有道德疑慮

  • But just like the fur and leather industries, the wool industry is driven by profit

    但如同皮草與皮革業,羊毛業是以利益為導向的

  • So the most efficient methods will always be used

    自然所有手段只求最大產值

  • Sheep in the wool industry have been genetically modified to

    而此產業使用的羊,經培育後

  • produce far more wool than they actually need

    長出的毛量已遠超過其所需

  • This is a lot like breaking someone's leg and then giving them a wheelchair

    這就好像先打斷一個人的腿,再給他一張輪椅

  • and expecting praise

    還期待他會感謝你一樣

  • And regularly shearing causes nicks and cuts

    頻繁的剃毛造成羊群割傷

  • And in order to prevent the excess attraction of flies and a condition calledflystrike”,

    此外,為了防止引來過多蒼蠅感染了羊群

  • the wool industry practicecs mulesing

    業者會執行「割皮防蠅法」

  • This is a cruel procedure in which part of a sheep's flesh is cut off

    做法極其殘忍,必須切除羊的臀部

  • of his or her hindquarters without anesthesia

    一部分的肉,且不施用麻醉藥

  • When sheep get older, they stop producing as much wool and

    而年紀大的羊一旦產量不足

  • they're sent off to slaughter as they're no longer seen as profitable

    即被送宰,因為牠們被視為賠錢貨

  • Just like leather, wool is a very common material

    如同皮革,羊毛是極普遍的材質

  • which is found in things like coats, jumpers, socks and hats

    用來製作成外套、毛衣、襪子和毛線帽

  • You can buy alternative clothing using materials like rayon, cotton,

    你能選購用其他替代材質做的服飾,如嫘縈、棉花、

  • hemp, linen and bamboo as well as synthetics like

    大麻纖維、亞麻和竹子,或合成纖維

  • acrylic, nylon and microfibre

    如丙烯酸、尼龍和超細纖維

  • Just make sure to check the label and avoid clothing containing any types of wool

    記得確認上頭的標籤,避免購入的服飾含有任何種類的羊毛

  • The down industry plucks feathers from geese and ducks

    羽絨業會拔除鴨與鵝的羽毛

  • which causes considerable pain and distress

    令牠們痛不欲生

  • While their feathers are being torn out, their skin is often torn open

    隨著羽毛被拔下,牠們的皮膚往往被撕裂開

  • because the workers are always instructed to be as quick as possible

    全因工人被吩咐要盡快完成作業

  • Buying down also supports the foie gras industry

    購買羽絨同時會助長鵝肝產業

  • This produces profit by selling the feathers of the force fed ducks and geese

    業者販售被強灌食物的鴨與鵝的羽毛,由此獲利

  • Down feathers are found in coats, jackets and other insulated products

    羽絨被用來製作外套、夾克和其他隔熱產品

  • But fortunately there are plenty of coats made of materials like cotton and polyester

    幸運地是,也有很多外套使用的材質是棉花和聚酯纖維

  • with synthetic insulation like primaloft and thinsulate

    搭配人造的隔熱材質如 primaloft 和 thinsulate

  • So look on the label or item description for down for words like duck and goose

    所以,查看標籤或商品描述是否有羽絨或鴨鵝等字眼

  • And then look for alternative products

    若有則尋找替代品

  • In the silk industry billions of potentially sentient silkworms are

    蠶絲業每年將數百萬隻有潛在感知能力的蠶

  • steamed or gassed alive in their cocoons every year

    活活蒸死或毒死在繭裡

  • so that we can use their silk to make clothing

    好讓我們用牠們的絲做成服飾

  • Silk is found in clothing like dresses, scarves and underwear

    蠶絲做成的服飾包含禮服、圍巾和內衣

  • But there are plenty of alternatives made from materials

    現在已有許多替代材質

  • like rayon, nylon, milkweed seed pod fibres,

    包含嫘縈、尼龍、milkweed seed pod fibres (馬利筋種子莢纖維)、

  • tencel, silk- cotton tree filaments,

    天絲棉、木棉樹纖維、

  • ceiba tree filaments, polyester and lyocell

    吉貝纖維、聚酯纖維和萊賽爾纖維

  • Also avoid the other silk containing materials which are listed below

    其他含有蠶絲的材質可一同避開,我會在下方列出

  • Most everyday clothing items are made from materials like polyester,

    我們每天穿的服飾幾乎都由聚酯纖維、

  • cotton and acrylic and are Vegan

    棉花和丙烯酸所製成,都屬純素

  • For example, most t- shirts and trousers are made of cotton

    舉例來說,大部分的 T 恤和長褲使用的是棉花

  • and a lot jumpers and hoodies are made from acrylic or polyester and cotton

    多數的毛衣和連帽衫則使用聚酯纖維、丙烯酸和棉花

  • Although it might seem like an extra effort checking labels initially,

    雖然一開始似乎要費點心思確認標籤

  • you'll quickly get to know which products and materials are and aren't Vegan

    但你很快就會熟悉什麼樣的產品或材質屬於純素

  • So eventually it'll be effortless

    最後就會變得輕而易舉

  • But for some products like shoes and belts you might need to look online

    但對於某些產品,像皮鞋或皮帶,可能還是得上網查詢

  • It's not widely known but a lot of shoes made from Vegan materials

    很多人不知道,許多純素皮鞋

  • do contain animal based glues

    仍含有動物膠

  • By emailing a company, you might be able to find out

    寄 email 問廠商或許能得到解答

  • but in many cases not even the companies know what the glues are made of

    但情況通常是,連廠商都不清楚膠的成分

  • The good news is that synthetic glues are now replacing animal based glues

    好消息是,人造膠正逐漸取代動物膠

  • So don't let this discourage you

    所以,不要因此而氣餒

  • Just always do the best you can

    凡事盡力即可

  • In the booklet below I've included link to

    下方小手冊裡頭,我有列出

  • all the best online stores for buying Vegan shoes and clothing

    所有能買到純素服飾必逛的網路商店

  • It's important to mention that Vegans should always strive to

    很重要的一點是,純素者應永遠致力於

  • buy the most ethical and environmentally sustainable clothing possible

    購買最不傷害動物又最環保永續的服飾

  • We're all accustomed to buying extremely cheap yet unethical products

    然而我們已習慣購買廉價卻不道德的商品

  • So buying Vegan, organic and fairtrade clothing can seem too expensive for most people

    要買純素、有機和公平貿易的服飾,對多數人來說似乎負擔不起

  • The best way to overcome this is by buying secondhand Vegan clothing from charity shops

    最好的解決方式是去慈善商店買二手純素服飾

  • And it's also a good idea to become a minimalist

    另一個不錯的主意是過極簡生活

  • and only buy clothing that you really need

    只買真的有必要的服飾

  • This is the most ethical and environmentally sustainable way to live

    這是最道德與環保的生活方式

  • Some Vegans believe that second hand leather or wool products are acceptable to purchase

    有些純素者可接受購買二手的皮革與羊毛產品

  • While they do technically cause no extra harm to animals

    雖然這不會對動物造成多餘的實質傷害

  • they do help promote the idea that animals should be commodified

    但會助長「動物商品化」的概念

  • If you're not okay with wearing shoes made from abused and killed human skin,

    如果你不想穿由受虐後又被殺去的人類所做的皮鞋

  • you shouldn't be wearing cow skin shoes either

    那你也不該穿牛皮的鞋子

  • Just as with Vegan cometics,

    純素服飾就如同純素彩妝

  • keep in my mind that many new Vegans choose to use up

    記得,許多剛轉純素的人選擇

  • and wear out all non- Vegan products

    把原本的產品使用完畢

  • It's okay to do this

    這是沒問題的

  • Don't let arrogant people try to call you out for being inconsistent

    若有自大的傢伙批評你行為不一致

  • Remind them that Veganism is about eliminating animal products

    提醒他們純素主義是在可行範圍內

  • as far as possible and practicable

    盡可能排除動物產品

  • Wearing out old clothing doesn't undermine your ethics

    把衣服物盡其用並沒有牴觸你的道德觀

  • As always, check out the booklet below which contains more

    跟以往一樣,去看看下方的小手冊,裡面有更多

  • detailed information and links to Vegan friendly shops

    詳細資訊和純素友善的店家連結

  • I also have complete guides to Vegan food and Vegan cosmetics

    我另外還有純素飲食和純素彩妝的全攻略

  • So check those out too

    也去看看吧

  • And if you want to help support me in creating

    如果你想協助支持我建立這些有用的資訊

  • helpful resources like this one, which take weeks to make,

    像這個花了我好幾個禮拜完成的「純素服飾全攻略」

  • please visit my Pateron page and consider donating

    請造訪我的 Pateron 網站並考慮資助我

  • And if you need help progressing to a Vegan lifestyle,

    而如果你正在轉純素,需要幫助

  • email me or add me on Skype

    寫信給我,或加我 Skype

  • Thank you for watching

    感謝觀賞

The main focus for new Vegans should always be eliminating meat, dairy and eggs

剛轉純素的人,首要焦點應全放在除去肉蛋奶

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