Name: Drone arms race transforms war in Ukraine, with U.S. now learning lessons | 60 Minutes
Uploaded: 2026-03-30T21:33:28.000Z
Duration: 13 min 23 s
Description: 【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。

Now, Holly Williams on assignment for 60 minutes.

接下來，Holly Williams 帶來 60 分鐘的採訪報導。

When America went to war with Iran last month, the U.S.

上個月美國與伊朗開戰時，美軍

military faced an enemy using mass-produced drones to deadly effect.

面對一個敵人，他們利用大量生產的無人機，造成了致命的傷害。

The same weapons have been used for years in Ukraine, some of them supplied by Iran to Russia.

這些武器幾年來在烏克蘭也被使用，其中一些是伊朗提供給俄羅斯的。

Unmanned and remotely controlled, drones have transformed the Ukrainian battlefield.

無人機在沒有人員操控且遠端遙控的狀態下，徹底改變了烏克蘭的戰場。

They're estimated to inflict around 80% of combat casualties on both sides.

據估計，它們造成了雙方約 80% 的戰鬥傷亡。

The technology is nothing short of revolutionary, and it's evolving rapidly.

這項技術可說是革命性的，而且正在快速演進。

As we discovered, to adapt to the new era, the U.S. military is learning lessons from Ukraine.

我們發現，為了適應這個新時代，美軍正從烏克蘭學習經驗。

Forget everything you think you know about warfare.

把你對戰爭的所有認知都拋諸腦後吧。

The traditional front line in Ukraine has expanded to a roughly 10-mile-wide strip called the kill zone.

烏克蘭傳統的戰線已經擴大到一個大約 10 英里寬的區域，稱為「殺戮區」。

Anyone who sets foot there can be spotted by a drone operator and hunted down.

任何踏入那裡的人都會被無人機操作員發現並追捕。

This was a narrow escape for some Ukrainian soldiers.

這對一些烏克蘭阿兵哥來說是僥倖逃脫。

They call these Frankenstein tanks, retrofitted with cages and mesh to deflect drone strikes.

他們稱這些為「科學怪人坦克」，加裝了籠子和網子來抵擋無人機攻擊。

Netting covers roads close to the front, designed to catch them before they hit their target.

網子覆蓋了前線附近的道路，目的是在它們擊中目標前將其攔截。

To evade interference from electronic jammers, both militaries launch drones attached to miles-long spools of fiber optic wire, leaving behind a digital spider's web.

為了躲避電子幹擾器的幹擾，雙方軍隊都發射連接了數英里光纖線軸的無人機，留下一個數位的蜘蛛網。

Beside a frozen lake, Ukraine's security service took us to see one of their most treasured weapons.

在一個結冰的湖邊，烏克蘭安全局帶我們參觀了他們最珍貴的武器之一。

I mean, it looks a bit like a fishing boat scout.

我的意思是，它看起來有點像一艘偵察漁船。

It's a sea drone developed in Ukraine called Sea Baby.

這是一架烏克蘭開發的海上無人機，叫做 Sea Baby。

We're protecting this operator's identity because he's a target for Russian assassination.

我們正在保護這位操作員的身分，因為他是俄羅斯暗殺的目標。

Is that enough to take out a Russian warship?

這樣足以摧毀一艘俄羅斯軍艦嗎？

Produced for around $300,000, Ukrainian sea drones have destroyed warships that cost tens of millions.

烏克蘭的海上無人機造價約 30 萬美元，卻摧毀了價值數千萬美元的軍艦。

Ukraine says it's used them to sink or disable 11 Russian vessels.

烏克蘭表示，他們已用這些無人機擊沉或癱瘓了 11 艘俄羅斯船艦。

Which one is more useful, a warship or a sea drone like the Sea Baby?

哪一個比較有用，軍艦還是像 Sea Baby 這樣的海面無人機？

I think it's really hard to destroy these drones because they are smaller.

我認為要摧毀這些無人機真的比較難，因為它們比較小。

That's why to have like 10 ships like this is much better than having one big one.

所以，擁有 10 艘這樣的船，會比擁有一艘大船好得多。

To be clear, you're saying you'd rather have 10 sea drones than a warship.

所以你的意思是，你寧願擁有 10 艘海面無人機，也不要一艘軍艦。

Oleksandr Komyshyn started out the war as the CEO of Ukraine's railways.

Oleksandr Komyshyn 在戰爭初期是烏克蘭鐵路公司的執行長。

He was so good at his job helping millions of Ukrainians to evacuate that President Volodymyr Zelenskyy recruited him to become the architect of Ukraine's drone program.

他當時在協助數百萬烏克蘭人撤離方面做得非常出色，以至於總統 Volodymyr Zelenskyy 找他來擔任烏克蘭無人機計畫的建築師。

Komyshyn told us he helped boost Ukraine's production from 2,000 drones a year to 4 million.

Komyshyn 告訴我們，他協助將烏克蘭的產量從每年 2,000 架無人機提升到 400 萬架。

For the outnumbered Ukrainians, the inexpensive new technology has allowed them to level the battlefield.

對於數量居於劣勢的烏克蘭人來說，這種廉價的新技術讓他們能夠讓戰場變得公平。

We have to count the number of drones we use, efficiency of each of them, cost to kill for every Russian.

我們必須計算我們使用的無人機數量、每架無人機的效率，以及擊殺每個俄羅斯人的成本。

And what is the cost of killing every Russian?

那殺死每個俄羅斯人的成本又是多少？

You would be surprised, but the cost of killing every Russian is less than $1,000 now.

你可能會嚇一跳，但現在殺死每個俄羅斯人的成本不到一千美元。

That's why they send so many people to die on the front line.

這就是為什麼他們派這麼多人去前線送死。

Would you want to be in Vladimir Putin's shoes right now?

你現在想站在 Vladimir Putin 的位置嗎？

He wanted us to become weaker, became much stronger.

他本來想讓我們變弱，結果我們變得更強了。

Ten retired U.S. generals told us they agree that Russia isn't winning the war despite its territorial gains.

十位退役的美國將軍告訴我們，他們同意俄羅斯儘管取得了領土上的進展，但並沒有贏得這場戰爭。

Some cautioned that Ukraine isn't winning either.

不過也有人提醒，烏克蘭也沒有贏。

But with the help of drones, has managed to draw Russia into a stalemate.

但藉由無人機的幫助，成功讓俄羅斯陷入僵局。

This is like a kind of obstacle course for drones.

這就像是無人機的障礙賽一樣。

Ukraine's military has set up drone training academies to teach the new technology.

烏克蘭軍方設立了無人機訓練學院來教導這項新技術。

I mean, practice makes perfect, am I right?

And the rapid shifts in tactics that come with it.

以及隨之而來的戰術快速轉變。

This ground drone, mounted with a .50 caliber machine gun, recently held off a Russian attack single-handedly for 45 days straight.

這架裝有 .50 口徑機槍的地面無人機，最近獨自擋了俄軍攻擊 45 天。

In January, three Russian soldiers surrendered to a similar robotic drone.

一月份，三名俄羅斯阿兵哥向一架類似的機器人無人機投降。

Our main idea is we can send the robot and to not risk with a human life.

我們的主要想法是我們可以派機器人出去，不用冒生命危險。

So for us, it's a human life is the most important.

所以對我們來說，人命是最重要的。

Ukraine says it makes more than 95% of its own military drones, harnessing talent from some unusual places.

烏克蘭表示，他們自己製造了超過 95% 的軍用無人機，並且匯集了來自一些意想不到地方的才能。

Roman Tikachenko is a former brewery engineer who founded a company called Tencor and developed these remote-controlled armored evacuation drones to transport wounded soldiers.

Roman Tikachenko 是一位前啤酒廠工程師，他創立了一家名為 Tencor 的公司，並開發了這些遙控裝甲撤離無人機來運送受傷的阿兵哥。

They gave us a demonstration at a military training ground and claim the drones have saved hundreds of lives.

他們在軍事訓練場給我們做了演示，並聲稱這些無人機已經挽救了數百人的生命。

How do you figure out what your next design needs to be?

你是如何判斷出你的下一個設計需要是什麼樣子的？

That means the soldiers who are on the front line.

The soldier said, "We need a drone to do evacuations." And you built it.

阿兵哥說：「我們需要一架無人機來進行撤離。」然後你們就做出來了。

The same drone base can be adapted to mount a 40-millimeter grenade launcher, controlled from a bunker which could be hundreds of miles away.

同樣的無人機基底，可以改裝成搭載 40 公釐榴彈發射器，從數百英里外的掩體進行控制。

When it comes to drones, how quickly is the technology changing?

說到無人機，這項技術的變革速度有多快？

It means from the point you send a drone to the front line, get the feedback, change something,

這表示從你把無人機送到前線，收到回饋，進行修改，

and get the new version, it could be as short as one week.

然後拿到新版本，整個過程最快可能只要一週。

At this point, I would say that's equilibrium.

在這一點上，我會說這是均勢。

Equilibrium in a drone arms race, and both sides will take any help they can get.

無人機軍備競賽中的均勢，雙方都會尋求任何能獲得的幫助。

Air Logics makes aerial surveillance drones for the Ukrainian military.

Air Logics 為烏克蘭軍隊製造空中偵察無人機。

Their production spread across more than 20 sites to minimize risk because they've already been bombed twice by Russia.

他們的生產分散在 20 多個地點，以降低風險，因為他們已經被俄羅斯炸了兩次。

but the company recently secured over a million dollars from an American investment fund that specializes in Ukrainian drone technology.

但該公司最近從一個專門投資烏克蘭無人機技術的美國投資基金那裡獲得了超過一百萬美元。