Name: 單一疫苗就能預防所有咳嗽、感冒和流感？研究人員這麼說！| BBC (Single vaccine could protect against all coughs, colds and flus, researchers say | BBC News)
Uploaded: 2026-02-28T06:18:37.000Z
Duration: 3 min 34 s

接下來我們要跟大家分享一些醫療新聞。

Researchers in the United States say that a single vaccine may be able to protect against all coughs, colds and flus, as well as some bacterial infections and even ease allergies.

美國的研究人員表示，一種萬能疫苗或許能同時預防所有咳嗽、感冒和流感，還能對抗部分細菌感染，甚至舒緩過敏。

The research in the journal Science tested the universal vaccine in animals.

這項在 Science 期刊上的研究，在動物身上試驗了這種萬能疫苗。

Well, we are joined by our health and science correspondent, James Gallagher.

好的，我們請到我們的健康與科學特派記者 James Gallagher。

And James, well, to be honest, this sounds a little bit too good to be true.

James，說實話，這聽起來有點太好了，不太像真的。

Because the first question I asked when I interviewed the scientists that developed this was, is this too good to be true as well?

因為我問了開發這項技術的科學家們的第一個問題就是，這是不是也太好了，不太像真的？

I suppose what they would say is that this is still just animal research.

我猜他們會說這仍然只是動物研究。

It needs to pass the biggest hurdle of seeing if they can get the same results in people as they can in mice.

他們需要克服最大的難關，看看是否能在人體上獲得與小鼠身上相同的結果。

But what they've done and what has convinced lots of other scientists in the field that this is actually promising and actually a really exciting avenue of research, is that they've managed to develop a completely new way of priming the immune system to fight infection.

但他們所做的，以及讓該領域許多其他科學家相信這確實有前景且是個令人興奮的研究途徑，就是他們成功開發出一種全新的方式來啟動免疫系統對抗感染。

And so if you think of lots of the vaccines that we have at the moment, they work against one specific thing.

所以，如果你想想我們目前擁有的許多疫苗，它們都是針對特定事物。

So we have a COVID vaccine, we have a flu vaccine, we have a measles vaccine, we have a chickenpox vaccine.

像是我們有 COVID疫苗、流感疫苗、麻疹疫苗、水痘疫苗。

And they all train the immune system to fight one thing.

它們都訓練免疫系統去對抗一樣東西。

It mimics signals, the way immune cells communicate with each other just to make them a little bit more alert, more attentive, so that when any infection comes in, the they're ready to pounce.

它模仿訊號，就像免疫細胞彼此溝通的方式，只是讓牠們稍微更警覺、更專注，這樣當任何感染來臨時，牠們就準備好撲過去了。

So just in terms of we mentioned that it's not yet been trialled on humans.

所以就我們剛才說的，它還沒有在人體上試驗過。

That's going to be the big C if it works or not.

這將是關鍵，看它到底有沒有效。

And that is what the researchers want to do next.

這也是研究人員接下來想做的。

But there are lots of questions that need answering in human trials.

但在人體試驗中，還有很多問題需要解答。

You'll only get that from doing those tests.

這些都要透過實際的試驗才能知道。

So immune systems are obviously very different between people and mouse.

所以，人體和老鼠的免疫系統當然非常不一樣。

There are similarities, but there are also differences.

Not least, we have, without being rude, we have had decades of exposure to different bacteria, and

還有，不客氣地說，我們幾十年來已經接觸過各種不同的細菌，

that has shaped our immunity over the course of our lives.

這塑造了我們一生中的免疫力。

Whereas mice do not live that long, so they don't have that same evolution of their immune system over time.

相較之下，小鼠的壽命不長，牠們的免疫系統也無法像我們一樣隨著時間演化。

Should you dial the immune system up to that slightly more aggressive, twitchy state?

我們是不是應該把免疫系統調校到稍微更具攻擊性、更敏感的狀態呢？

Does that come with any downsides or side effects?

這會不會帶來什麼缺點或副作用？

You need to think actually quite carefully how you might want to use one of these vaccines.

我們需要非常仔細地思考，該如何使用這些疫苗。

So there are lots of questions that still need answering.

The team think that maybe, say, at the start of COVID when we didn't have any vaccines, perfect scenario to use something like this.

研究團隊認為，在COVID初期，當時我們還沒有疫苗，這種情況或許很適合使用類似的東西。

Or maybe just at the very beginning of winter, you have a little spray up the nose and that would see you through the couple of months of winter.

或者，也許就在冬天剛開始的時候，噴一點在鼻腔裡，就能幫助我們度過冬天那幾個月。

讓我們來看看現實會不會跟上。

Because obviously, when it comes to vaccinations, people, there are groups within society that are concerned about it just in terms of this kind of rollout.

因為很明顯，說到疫苗接種，大家，社會上有些群體會擔心它的推行方式。

It's not going to be anytime soon, is it?

The work has been done to even think about offering it to people outside of clinical trials and testing it in the laboratory still.

研究工作已經完成，甚至可以考慮在臨床試驗之外，並在實驗室進行測試。

And then I think it will be a really interesting conversation, actually

然後我認為這將會是一場非常有趣的對話，真的。

because it's a very different style of vaccine to the ones that we're used to.

因為它是一種跟我們習慣的疫苗很不一樣的類型。

This is against quite a broad range of different infections instead of just against one.

這是針對相當廣泛的不同感染，而不是隻針對一種。

The immunity seems to last maybe a couple of months in the animal studies, rather than the kind of like you get lifelong immunity from measles vaccine.

在動物研究中，免疫力似乎可以持續幾個月，而不是像麻疹疫苗那樣可以獲得終身免疫。

And I think should the scientists ever get to that point where they have something that people could.

然後我認為，如果科學家們真的能走到那一步，他們會開發出一些能讓人們使用的東西。

James，一如往常，非常感謝你。

So it's a little bit fluid at the moment.

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單一疫苗就能預防所有咳嗽、感冒和流感？研究人員這麼說！| BBC (Single vaccine could protect against all coughs, colds and flus, researchers say | BBC News)

specific

absolutely

immune

scenario