Name: 美國貿易代表葛瑞格談15%關稅、美墨加協定與美歐貿易協議！ (US Trade Representative Greer on 15% Tariff, USMCA, EU Trade Deal)
Uploaded: 2026-02-25T21:36:20.000Z
Duration: 13 min 17 s

情態副詞

Let's talk about the last week and particularly on Friday.

我們來聊聊上週，特別是星期五。

There is now a new baseline tariff of 10%.

現在有一個新的基本關稅是 10%。

Why did we start with 10% when the President appears to want 15?

為什麼我們從 10% 開始，但總統似乎想要 15%？

So the authority that we're using right now, which is a temporary 150 day authority, that's five months, 150 days.

所以我們現在使用的權力，是一個為期 150 天的臨時權力，也就是五個月，150 天。

And we have a lot of countries out there that for a long time have had 10%.

很多國家長期以來一直都是 10%。

And, and so our goal with all of this is to have continuity.

So we want to have the 10% and it'll, and

we're looking about how to implement the 15% that the President indicated because we want to have continuity.

我們正在考慮如何實施總統訓示的 15%，因為我們希望有連續性。

We want the countries, we want the companies, we want people to understand that what we were doing before, we're going to reconstruct with alternative tools because we want to keep going, maintain the policy.

我們希望各國、各公司、大家都能明白，我們過去的做法，將會用替代工具來重建，因為我們要繼續維持這項政策。

We'll just have a change in the legal implementing authority.

And basically giving me the impression that this is still under conversation, negotiation, perhaps internally, when the President was pretty explicit over the weekend in his own words, as the President of the United States of America, will be effective immediately raising the 10% worldwide tariff on countries, many of which have been ripping the US off for decades, without retribution to the fully allowed and legally tested 15% level.

而且基本上給我一種感覺，這還在討論、談判中，或許是內部討論，因為總統週末時明確說過，身為美國總統，將立即生效，把對許多國家、這些國家數十年來一直在剝削美國的 10% 全球關稅，提升到完全允許且經過法律測試的 15% 水準，且不進行報復。

How can we sort of explain that which is rather explicit with the more nuanced tone you're offering this morning.

我們要怎麼解釋，在您今天早上提供的更細膩語氣下，這件事其實相當明確。

So we'll put out a supplemental proclamation that the President will sign going to 15% where appropriate.

所以我們會發布一份補充公告，由總統簽署，在適當的時候調升至 15%。

Remember, before the Supreme Court struck down the tariffs, a lot of these countries had agreed to have tariffs, U.S.

請記得，在最高法院推翻關稅之前，許多國家已經同意徵收關稅，美國

So going up to 15% for them, at least temporarily, it's better than the deal that they had.

所以對他們來說，至少暫時地調升至 15%，比他們原本的協議還要好。

And so the President wants to make sure again that we have continuity in this process, that folks who acknowledged they had giant trade surpluses with us, they had unfair trading practices affecting their trade and who agreed, agreed to pay the tariff, that they actually are in a position to do it until we can get the, the more durable and long lasting measures in place.

是以總統希望再次確保我們在這個過程中具有連續性，那些承認與我們有巨大貿易順差、有影響其貿易的不公平貿易行為，並且同意、同意支付關稅的人，在我們能建立更持久、更長遠的措施之前，他們確實處於能夠這樣做的狀態。

Ambassador, when you say when appropriate, is that this week?

大使，當你說適當的時候，是指這週嗎？

Are you looking to do this after the 150 days runs out of the 10% level we currently have?

你們是打算在我們目前 10% 的關稅期限 150 天到期後才這麼做嗎？

Oh, it'll, it'll be, it'll be in coming days.

I mean the President put out this direction to your point and so that all of that is in development.

意思是總統已經照你說的發布了這項訓示，所以這一切都在進行中。

Again, the idea is to establish a through line from the policy that, that the President has implemented successfully over the past year and continue it over this 150 days.

再說一次，我們的想法是從總統過去一年成功實施的政策建立一條貫徹的路線，並在接下來的 150 天內延續下去。

And as we build up appropriate tariff rates using other, other investigations and means.

並且我們將利用其他調查和手段來建立適當的關稅稅率。

So when you do raise the 122 tariff to 15%, what's your argument going to be to the Europeans?

所以當你們把 122 的關稅提高到 15% 時，你們要怎麼跟歐洲人辯論？

Because this is stacking on top of most favored nation rates.

因為這是在最惠國稅率之上疊加的。

That means that for the Europeans that agreed on a 15% the highest level, they would agree to accept this new rate for some products will be above 15%.

這意味著，對於那些同意 15% 最高關稅的歐洲人來說，他們將同意接受對某些產品的新稅率會高於 15%。

What's going to be the argument to Brussels?

So, so I've been in constant contact with, with my counterparts in Brussels, the UK and elsewhere.

我一直跟布魯塞爾、英國及其他地方的對口保持密切聯繫。

And the way to think about this is every country has domestic procedures that they need to go through to come into compliance with a deal with Brussels.

這樣想好了，每個國家都有國內程序要走，才能符合跟布魯塞爾達成的協議。

我們給了他們汽車優惠的稅率。

That stays the same with, with the UK we gave them a quota on cars, we gave them a quota of beef to import duty free.

這跟英國一樣，我們給了他們汽車配額，也給了他們免關稅進口的牛肉配額。

But just like Brussels hasn't fully implemented its deal, or the UK hasn't fully implemented its deal, we also need a couple months now to have some domestic procedures because the Supreme Court struck down all of this.

但就像布魯塞爾還沒完全執行協議，英國也還沒完全執行協議一樣，我們也需要幾個月的時間來完成一些國內程序，因為最高法院推翻了這一切。

It's pretty normal when you have a trade deal to implement over time.

貿易協議要花時間執行是很正常的。

Most trade deals take years to implement.

大部分的貿易協議都要花好幾年才能執行。

We're on the fast track and so we're just going to have to have, you know, a couple, three months to make sure that we rejigger the tariffs in a way that comply with our end of the deal.

我們正處於快車道，所以我們需要幾個月的時間來調整關稅，確保我們遵守協議的規定。

And we expect the EU and the UK to hold up their end of the bargain too.

我們也期望歐盟和英國能信守承諾。

But does this new one, 20 to 15% now basically break the EU trade agreement, given where most favored nation products are and those rates?

但這項新的協議，從原本的 20% 降到 15%，鑑於最惠國待遇產品的現況和稅率，這是否違反了歐盟的貿易協議？

So right now, as we talked about 10% in place, there will be a proclamation raising it to 15% where appropriate.

所以目前，就像我們之前討論的 10% 關稅，將會發布公告將適當的稅率提高到 15%。

And so once that comes out, we'll, I'm happy to come back on and explain how that, how that might accommodate other countries where there's a deal.

一旦公告出來，我很樂意再回來跟大家說明，這如何能容納有協議的其他國家。

Well, any of the rates on any country stay at 10%.

任何國家適用的稅率都維持在 10%。

We go through the legal process and we get out a proclamation.

我們會走完法律程序，並發布公告。

Again, this is, any time we put on a tariff, we're going to have foreign interests who want to, who want to bring it down.

再次強調，任何時候我們徵收關稅，都會有外國利益相關者想要推翻它。

So I'm not going to get ahead of the President, I'm not going to get ahead of the White House counsel and all These folks who are implementing this.

所以我不會搶在總統、白宮法律顧問和所有執行這項措施的人前面。

So when that comes out, it'll be very clear what and how and why.

所以當那出來的時候，就會很清楚是什麼、怎麼做以及為什麼。

Ambassador, in some of your comments it seems like you're suggesting that the rate could go above 15%.

大使，您的一些評論似乎暗示稅率可能會超過 15%。

And I just am curious what exactly you're planning to use.

我只是很好奇您到底打算使用什麼。

It's been discussed that section 301 in particular will be used to go after places like China, which it has been used for before.

有人討論過，特別是第 301 條款將用來對付像中國這樣的國家，以前也用過。

So section 301 is a country specific tool and it allows the President to investigate unfair trading practices by countries.

所以第 301 條款是一個針對特定國家的工具，它允許總統調查國家不公平的貿易行為。

And again, this is what we've been getting at over the past year as we've concluded deals with with over a dozen countries.

再說一次，這就是我們過去一年來一直在做的，我們已經和十幾個國家達成協議。

They have agreed to eliminate unfair barriers to our trade, take down their tariffs, you know, eliminate, you know, fake regulatory barriers, etc.

他們同意消除我們貿易的障礙，降低他們的關稅，你知道，消除，你知道，虛假的監管障礙等等。

And so we can actually conduct these investigations under section 301 on a country by country basis, figure out exactly what they're doing that's been so problematic and negotiate with those countries, but

所以我們實際上可以根據第 301 條款，逐一調查這些國家，找出他們到底做了什麼問題，然後跟這些國家談判，

also impose a tariff as enforcement to make sure that they eliminate those practices.

並且可以實施關稅作為一種執法手段，確保他們消除這些行為。

You know, China certainly, but also other countries, Vietnam, Southeast Asia, the Europeans potentially.

你知道，中國當然是，但也有其他國家，越南、東南亞、歐洲都有可能。

But the point is to recreate the policy that we've developed over the past year to give continuity and be able to be in a position where we can honor the deals but also have enforcement available.

重點是重塑我們過去一年來制定的政策，以提供連續性，並處於一個能夠履行協議，同時也有執法手段的地位。

That's the only reason why these countries have made all these concessions and because they know the President's willing to enforce and willing to raise tariffs if he needs to.

這也是這些國家做出所有讓步的唯一原因，因為他們知道總統願意執行，並且必要時願意提高關稅。

So there are a couple that are that have already started.

We opened a Section 301 investigation on Brazil a few months ago.

幾個月前我們對巴西啟動了第 301 條款的調查。

We opened up one on China a few months ago about compliance with the Phase one deal.

幾個月前我們也對中國啟動了關於遵守第一階段協議的調查。

And we have many others that we are preparing right now and we expect to launch in the coming days and weeks, such as related to forced labor in supply chains, industrial excess capacity, or unfair trading practices with respect to fishing or seafood or rice or subsidies for certain products and that kind of thing.

我們還有很多其他正在準備的，預計在未來幾天和幾週內啟動，例如與供應鏈中的強迫勞動、工業產能過剩，或漁業或海產品貿易行為不公，或某些產品補貼等相關的調查。

So Ambassador, you were potentially Planning to use 301 because when I spoke to you and your colleagues in the past, there was this concern, Supreme Court could strike down iaeba.

所以大使，你原本打算動用 301 條款嗎？因為我過去跟你和你的同事談話時，你們擔心最高法院可能會推翻 iaeba。

So why didn't you do these investigations from the very beginning?

那為什麼你們一開始沒有進行這些調查呢？

IPA was the most appropriate tool to use because we are facing an emergency in this country.

IPA 是最適當的工具，因為我們國家正處於緊急狀態。

In the five years prior to President Trump's second term, our U.S.

在川普總統第二任期之前的五年裡，我們的美國

trade deficit exploded by 40% to reach $1.2 trillion.

貿易逆差爆炸性成長了 40%，達到 1.2 兆美元。

The largest trade deficit in human History and the trade deficit was a manifestation of many things, but

這是人類歷史上最大的貿易逆差，而貿易逆差是許多事情的表現，但

one of them is a lot of offshoring of production to other countries.

其中之一是大量生產外包到其他國家。

Jobs and manufacturing that went to China, Vietnam, Mexico, etc.

工作機會和製造業流向中國、越南、墨西哥等國。

To the point where our defense industrial base was challenged, our manufacturing base and jobs were hollowed out.

到了我們的國防工業基礎受到挑戰，我們的製造業基礎和工作機會被掏空的地步。

And this was an emergency and is an emergency.

這曾經是緊急狀況，現在也是緊急狀況。

And so the President used an emergency power to move very, very quickly.

所以總統動用了緊急權力，採取了非常非常快速的行動。

Section 301 and section 232, some of our alternative tools, they take more time, they take more process, they're very effective.

301 條款和 232 條款，我們的一些替代工具，需要更多時間，需要更多程序，它們非常有效。

But they didn't have the flexibility and the speed we needed to really out the gate, make these points, get the deals with the countries and now we can go back and make them firm.

但它們沒有我們所需的靈活性和速度，讓我們能立刻切入重點，與各國達成協議，現在我們可以回去讓這些協議更穩固。

Ambassador Canada and Mexico of course will be down separately.

加拿大和墨西哥的大使當然會另外進行會談。

But does the President feel constrained by usmca?

但總統覺得受到美墨加協定的限制嗎？

So I wouldn't say feel, feel constrained.

所以我不認為是覺得，覺得受到限制。

We're in the middle of a, of a, of a review that we have to conduct in the United States.

我們正在美國進行一項必須進行的審查。

I'm in contact with my counterparts from both Mexico and Canada.

我正與墨西哥和加拿大的對口官員保持聯繫。

There are things in USMCA that, that makes sense that, you know, don't get a lot of news because they function fine.

美墨加協定中有一些合理的條款，因為運作良好所以沒有受到太多關注。

But there are a lot of things where we don't have the type of market access we want, whether it's in goods or services.

但在許多方面，無論是商品還是服務，我們都沒有獲得想要的市場准入。

We have Mexico that historically over the past few years has been discriminating against US Energy producers and service providers.

墨西哥過去幾年來，一直對美國的能源生產商和服務供應商進行歧視。

We have Canada that limits our access for dairy, has taken American wine and spirits off its shelves.

加拿大限制我們進入乳製品市場，並將美國的葡萄酒和烈酒下架。

We also have concerns about trans shipment through Canada and Mexico of goods from third countries coming through and benefiting from duty free treatment from usmca.

我們也擔心來自第三國的貨物透過加拿大和墨西哥轉運，並從美墨加協定中的免關稅待遇中獲益。

And so we want to make sure that if there's an agreement with either of these countries that it really benefits these countries and not third countries that might use Canada or, or Mexico as an export hub into the United States.

是以，我們要確保與這兩個國家中的任何一個達成協議，都能真正讓這些國家受益，而不是讓可能利用加拿大或墨西哥作為出口樞紐進入美國的第三國受益。

Josh Wingrove and the team down in Bloomberg News in Washington D.C.

Josh Wingrove 和他在華盛頓特區的 Bloomberg News 團隊。

reporting more recently that the President is privately musing about exiting the North American Trade pact.

最近報導總統私下在考慮退出北美貿易協定。

What can you share with us this morning about the prospect of that happening?

你今天早上能跟我們分享一下這件事發生的可能性嗎？