Name: 改變你一生的5個關鍵發展期！ (5 Developmental Windows That Shape Your Life Forever)
Uploaded: 2026-01-26T18:18:10.000Z
Duration: 4 min 12 s

程度副詞

When builders pour the foundation of a house, there is a brief moment when the concrete is soft enough to shape.

建築師蓋房子打 foundation 的時候，有一小段時間 concrete 還是軟的，可以隨意塑形。

Brains work in much the same way throughout childhood.

大腦在 childhood 的時候，運作方式也很類似。

There are critical periods during which certain experiences shape our minds in ways that are essential for healthy development.

有一些 critical periods，這段時間的 experiences 會形塑我們的心智，對 healthy development 非常重要。

The quality of your sleep, vision, hearing, language and trust in others were governed by such golden time windows.

你的 sleep、vision、hearing、language 和 trust in others 的 quality，都是由這些 golden time windows 所 governed 的。

Conrad Lawrence, a Nobel Prize winning zoologist, was the first to demonstrate the phenomenon in a famous 1939 experiment.

Nobel Prize winning 的 zoologist Conrad Lawrence，在 1939 年一個著名的實驗中，第一個 demonstrate 了這個 phenomenon。

Goslings that first saw him rather than their mother imprinted on him and followed Lawrence everywhere.

小鵝們第一次看到他而不是媽媽，就對他產生 imprinting，並跟著 Lawrence 到處走。

But this bond only formed reliably within 12 to 17 hours after hatching.

但這種連結只在孵化後 12 到 17 小時內才能穩定形成。

過了這個時間點，就再也無法建立了。

In the 1960s, two neuroscientists discovered that when they sewed one eye of newborn kittens shut for several weeks and then reopened it, the previously closed eye was effectively blind.

到了 1960 年代，有兩位神經科學家發現，當他們把剛出生小貓的一隻眼睛縫起來好幾個星期，再打開時，那隻原本閉著的眼睛就等於失明瞭。

The visual cortex had rewired itself to favor the open eye.

視覺皮質會重新佈線，以偏好開啟的眼睛。

Their Nobel Prize winning work revealed that parts of the brain may operate on a use it or lose it deadline.

他們 Nobel Prize winning 的研究顯示，大腦的某些部分可能有一個「用進廢退」的截止日期。

For us humans, five notable development Windows open and shut during early childhood Good sleep, it seems, is something we learn while we're still in the womb.

對我們人類來說，有五個重要的 development windows 在 childhood 初期會打開和關閉。良好的 sleep，看來是我們還在子宮裡時就學會的東西。

If a developing child's sleep wake cycle during pregnancy get disrupted because their mother regularly drinks alcohol, the child will likely experience sleep issues for the rest of their lives.

如果在懷孕期間，發育中寶寶的 sleep wake cycle 被打斷，因為媽媽經常喝酒，寶寶很可能會在餘生中都面臨 sleep 問題。

Within weeks after birth, full vision develops.

出生後幾週內，完整的 vision 就會發育。

If a baby is born with a cataract and the cloudy lens gets removed, the child will see normally.

如果寶寶出生時有 cataract，並且移除了混濁的 lens，孩子就能正常看見。

Delay surgery beyond the fifth birthday and the damage becomes permanent.

手術延誤到五歲生日之後，損壞就會變成永久性的。

And if kids have too much screen time and primarily focus on things right in front of their eyes, their vision doesn't develop properly.

如果孩子有太多的 screen time，並且主要專注在眼前的事物，他們的 vision 就無法正常發育。

They instead develop myopia and will likely need glasses during the first 24 months of life.

他們反而會發展出 myopia，並且很可能在 life 的最初 24 個月就需要眼鏡。

Children need to be well nourished and receive lots of love to develop a trusting relationship with their primary caregiver, often the mother.

孩子需要獲得充足的營養和大量的愛，才能與主要照顧者，通常是母親，建立 trust 的關係。

If they learn to question the person they most depend on, they become insecurely attached, can develop a lifelong mistrust of others, and

如果他們學會質疑最依賴的人，就會產生不安全的依附，可能一生都無法信任他人，並且

Children born deaf who receive a cochlear implant before the age of three tend to develop near typical speech, whereas those who have it implanted after the age of seven often face ongoing difficulties.

三歲前接受人工耳蝸植入的先天失聰兒童，語言發展接近正常，但七歲後才植入的兒童，常面臨持續的困難。

The tragic case of Jeanne Wylie, a girl deprived of speech until age 13, demonstrated how hard it is to learn language later in life.

珍妮·懷利的悲慘案例，一個直到13歲才學會說話的女孩，證明瞭晚年學習語言的困難。

Even with lots of help, she only learned to speak in short broken sentences like father hit arm, big wood, genie cry.

即使得到很多幫助，她也只能說出像「爸爸打手臂」、「大木頭」、「精靈哭」這樣簡短破碎的句子。

Studies of Chinese and Korean born immigrants found that grammar scores declined.

對出生於美國的中國和韓國移民的研究發現，他們的語法分數下降。

The later children arrived in the United States flattening out around puberty.

越晚到美國，分數在青春期左右趨於平緩。

Most critical periods end by the age of seven, Although during puberty our brains remain highly sensitive to social feedback, risks, and

大多數 critical periods 在七歲前結束，儘管在青春期時，我們的大腦對社會回饋、風險和

During this period, exposure to excessive amounts of drugs, alcohol, medications, or chronic stress can harm our brains for life.

在這段期間，接觸過量的藥物、酒精、藥品或長期壓力，可能會對我們的大腦造成終身傷害。

Conrad Lorenz concluded, I consider early childhood events as most essential to a man's scientific and philosophical development.

康拉德·洛倫茲總結說，我認為童年早期的事件對一個人的科學和哲學發展最為重要。

If you found this helpful, check out our other videos.

如果你覺得這有幫助，可以看看我們的其他影片。

Join us on YouTube or on patreon.com sprouts.

在 YouTube 或 patreon.com sprouts 訂閱我們。

For more information, classroom exercises or videos without background music, visit sproutschools.

想知道更多資訊、課堂練習或沒有背景音樂的影片，請到 sproutschools。