Name: 聖經中的律法 (Biblical Law)
Uploaded: 2025-12-27T05:42:54.000Z
Duration: 6 min 19 s

If you start reading the Bible from the beginning, you'll get about halfway through the second book, Exodus, and

如果你從聖經一開始讀，讀到第二卷書《出埃及記》大概一半的時候，

Thou shalt do this, thou shalt not do that.

Now, these laws are all written in the literary style we call prose discourse.

現在，這些律法都是用我們稱為文體散文的文學風格寫的。

And they're found all over the second, third, fourth, and fifth books of the Bible.

而且它們出現在聖經的第二卷、第三卷、第四卷和第五卷書裡。

And since reading ancient law code isn't something you and your friends do a lot, odds are you're going to struggle.

既然閱讀古代法典不是你和你的朋友常做的事，你很可能會覺得吃力。

So let's talk about how to read the law in the Bible.

所以我們來談談如何在聖經裡閱讀律法。

So the first thing to remember is that the Bible is not a behavior manual with a complete list of what to do and not to do to make God happy.

所以首先要記住的是，聖經不是一本行為手冊，裡面列有讓上帝高興的完整事項清單。

But in the story, God does tell people what to do for sure.

不過故事裡，上帝確實有告訴人該做什麼。

The story begins with God's plan to rule the world through humans, who will trust him and live by his wisdom.

故事從上帝計畫透過人類來統治世界開始，人類會信靠祂並遵行祂的智慧。

And here we find the first divine command in the Bible.

在這裡，我們看到了聖經中第一個神聖的命令。

Don't eat from the tree of knowing good and evil, because the day you do, you'll die.

不要吃辨別善惡的知識樹上的果子，因為你吃的日子，你必定會死。

But the humans take the authority to know and define good and evil for themselves, and

但人類卻自行奪取了辨別善惡的權威，並且

It leads to a world of violence and death, and they're exiled from the garden.

這導致了一個充滿暴力和死亡的世界，他們也被流放出伊甸園。

Okay, so this was the first law in the Bible?

好的，所以這是聖經中的第一條律法嗎？

Well, it's the first divine command, and it invites people to trust God and live by his wisdom.

嗯，這是第一個神聖的命令，它邀請人們信靠上帝並遵行祂的智慧。

And so while it's not part of the laws given to Israel, it does foreshadow them, because those, too are invitations to trust God's wisdom.

所以，雖然這不是給以色列的律法的一部分，但它確實預示了這些律法，因為那些也是邀請人們信靠上帝的智慧。

那麼，以色列的律法是什麼時候出現的呢？

So God saves them and then invites them into a covenant relationship like a marriage.

所以上帝拯救了他們，然後邀請他們進入一段像婚姻一樣的盟約關係。

And the laws make up the terms of that covenant.

而律法構成了這份盟約的條款。

And so do we get a catalog of all these laws that God gave Israel?

所以我們會得到一份上帝賜予以色列所有律法的目錄嗎？

We don't get all of the laws, only examples.

我們不會得到所有的律法，只是一些範例。

And these have been strategically placed in between stories about how Israel keeps violating the laws.

而這些範例被策略性地放置在關於以色列如何不斷違反律法的故事之間。

Ah, so I'm supposed to see that Israel's no different than the humans in the garden.

啊，所以我要看到以色列跟伊甸園裡的人類沒兩樣。

They don't trust God or live by his wisdom.

他們不信任上帝，也不遵行祂的智慧。

And so it leads to another round of tragedy, violence and death.

所以這又導致另一輪的悲劇、暴力和死亡。

And so while the laws are good and show God's wisdom, they also expose Israel's inability to be God's faithful partners.

所以雖然律法是好的，展現了上帝的智慧，但同時也暴露了以色列無法成為上帝忠實的夥伴。

But when I read the laws, I find a lot of strange stuff, like not allowing clothing to be made of two different fabrics.

但我讀到這些律法時，發現很多奇怪的規定，像是禁止衣服用兩種不同的布料做成。

Okay, so it's important to realize that many of these laws are ancient ritual symbols that set Israel apart, that is, made them holy.

好的，所以我們要意識到，這些律法中有許多是古代的儀式象徵，用來區別以色列人，也就是讓他們成聖。

So some laws made Israel distinct from neighboring nations, while other laws kept them away from things that in their culture symbolized death, disease, and

所以有些律法讓以色列人與鄰國區別開來，而有些律法則讓他們遠離那些在他們文化中象徵死亡、疾病和

Okay, but what about all of the ritual killing of animals?

好的，那儀式性宰殺動物又是怎麼回事呢？

Sacrifices were also ritual symbols that connected people to God.

祭物也是一種儀式象徵，用來連結人與上帝。

Since you, a mortal, can't ascend up to God's presence in the heavenly temple, a blameless animal that was offered could go up in your place, covering for your failures so you can know you're accepted by God.

因為你，一個凡人，無法登上上帝在天上聖殿的同在，一隻無瑕疵的動物可以代替你上去，遮蓋你的過錯，讓你明白你被上帝接納。

But not all of the laws are ancient rituals.

但並非所有律法都是古代的儀式。

Some of them are just about being a good person and treating others well.

有些只是關於做好人，好好對待他人。

Well, yes, but these laws aren't just about being good.

嗯，是的，但這些律法不只是關於做好人。

They're about justice, which is a big deal to God.

它們關乎公義，這對上帝來說是很重要的事。

On the first page of the Bible, we learn that every human is made in God's image and is worthy of dignity.

在聖經的第一頁，我們學到每個人都是照著上帝的形象所造，都值得被尊重。

And these laws apply that ideal in Israel's day.

而這些律法在古代以色列時代就實踐了這個理想。

In fact, these laws still underlie many of the concepts of justice and equality that we take for granted today.

事實上，這些律法至今仍然是我們現今視為理所當然的許多公義和平等概念的基礎。

But some of the laws don't seem just like laws that allow for slavery.

但有些律法似乎不像允許奴隸制的律法。

Well, if you look at those laws in their ancient cultural context, you'll see that God's working with Israel as he finds them, pushing them towards justice.

嗯，如果你從古代的文化背景來看這些律法，你會發現上帝在當時就與以色列人同在，引導他們走向公義。

So slavery isn't abolished, but it is undermined.

所以奴隸制並沒有被廢除，但它被削弱了。

For example, Israel was supposed to reenact the Exodus liberation by releasing slaves and forgiving all debts every seven years.

例如，以色列人應該透過每七年釋放奴隸和免除所有債務來重演出埃及的解放。

This was revolutionary in the ancient world.

Alright, now what about all the laws about Sabbath rest on the seventh day and all the seven day feasts?

好的，那麼關於第七天安息日和所有七日節期的律法呢？

I mean, what's up with all of these sevens?

我是說，這些七的數字到底有什麼意義？

Yeah, so these laws about sacred time are all connected to the first creation narrative in Genesis.

對啊，所以這些關於聖潔時間的律法都跟創世記裡最早的創世敘事有關。

God brings order out of chaos in six days that each have a clear beginning and end.

上帝在六天內從混亂中帶來秩序，每一天都有明確的開始和結束。

But when you get to the seventh day, it has no end.

That's because it's pointing to the ideal of humans partnering with God in his rule and rest.

這是因為它指向人類與上帝一同掌權並安息的理想。

All of these seven day feasts are rituals that symbolize humanity's true purpose and future hope.

所有這些七日節期都是儀式，象徵著人類真正的目的和未來的盼望。

Okay, so all of these laws given to Israel can fit into those basic categories?

好的，所以所有給以色列人的律法都可以歸入那些基本類別嗎？

Yes, and each category expresses a core ideal of God's wisdom.

是的，每一類都表達了上帝智慧的核心理想。

And the laws show how those ideals should be applied in the culture of ancient Israel.

律法顯示了這些理想如何在古代以色列的文化中應用。

But as the story makes clear, Israel failed at fulfilling the law over and over.

但故事清楚地表明，以色列一次又一次地 failed 遵守律法。

How is God going to get humans to trust his wisdom?

上帝要如何讓人們信任祂的智慧呢？

Well, Moses and the prophets after him trusted that one day God would transform the human heart so people can be faithful covenant partners who trust his wisdom.

好的，摩西和後來的先知們都相信，有一天上帝會改變人心，讓人們能成為忠實的盟約夥伴，信靠祂的智慧。

And that brings us to the story of Jesus.

Yeah, Jesus said he came to fulfill the law, right?

對，耶穌說祂來是要成全律法，對吧？

He was the faithful covenant partner that Israel and all humanity was made to be, but

祂是那個以色列和全人類本該成為的，但

Jesus lived by the divine ideals underlying the laws.

耶穌活出了律法背後的神聖理想。

And he taught that the laws are all fulfilled when you love God and love your neighbor as yourself.

祂教導說，當你愛上帝，並且愛鄰舍如同自己，律法就都成全了。

And Jesus promised that God's spirit would come and transform his followers so they too could live this way.

耶穌應許說，上帝的靈會來，改變祂的跟隨者，讓他們也能這樣生活。

And so when followers of Jesus read these laws today, we need to remember they were given to Israel in their ancient cultural setting.

所以，當耶穌的跟隨者今天讀到這些律法時，我們要記得，這些律法是給古代以色列人，在他們的文化背景下頒布的。

You couldn't follow many of them even if you tried.

就算你試著去遵守，很多律法你根本也無法做到。

But what you can do is see God's wisdom in the laws, right?

但你可以看到律法中上帝的智慧，對吧？

And trust that God's Spirit can guide you to follow that wisdom as you learn to love God and to love your neighbor as yourself.

並且相信上帝的靈會引導你，在你學習愛上帝、愛鄰舍如同自己時，去遵行這份智慧。