Name: 越南跨越中等收入陷阱 | 今日越南 (Vietnam to overcome the middle-income trap | Vietnam Today)
Uploaded: 2025-10-19T10:30:24.000Z
Duration: 5 min 20 s

情態副詞

And at the high level debate of the 80th United Nations General Assembly, State President Leung Geng is also expected to share the Vietnam story, which is overcoming hardship, healing the wounds of war, transforming and rising strongly while deepening international integration.

在第80屆聯合國大會的高級別辯論中，國家總統梁庚預計也將分享越南故事，也就是克服艱難、療癒戰爭創傷、轉型並強勢崛起，同時深化國際融合。

The ultimate goal is to become a developing country with a modern industrial base and upper middle income and by 2045, to achieve developed country status with high income.

最終目標是成為一個擁有現代工業基礎和中上收入的開發中國家，並在2045年前達到高收入的已開發國家地位。

情態助動詞 B1

To realize these ambitions, Vietnam must overcome the challenge known as the middle income trap and achieve sustainable development goals in line with the shared objectives of the United Nations.

為了實現這些抱負，越南必須克服被稱為中等收入陷阱的挑戰，並實現與聯合國共同目標一致的可持續發展目標。

In the context mounting global challenges, from geopolitical tensions to climate change, what must Vietnam do?

在地緣政治緊張到氣候變化等全球挑戰日益嚴峻的背景下，越南必須做些什麼？

我們採訪了 undp 的亞太局局長、聯合國助理祕書長 Kani Wignarazza 女士。

Kani Wignarazza, UN Assistant Secretary General and Director of Asia Pacific Bureau at undp.

Well, thank you very much for joining me in this interview.

看看那些成功擺脫中等收入陷阱的國家，您認為越南可以借鑒哪些經驗，以確保快速且可持續的成長？

Looking at the journey of countries that have successfully escaped the middle income trap, what lessons do you think Vietnam can draw to ensure rapid growth that is also sustainable?

我們知道只剩下五年了，對吧？

You know we have just five years to go, right?

各位觀眾，我們還有五年時間，對吧？

If you look at the SDGs as an end goal, but

如果我們把 SDGs 當成一個終點，但是

development is not a destination, a final destination, right?

發展不是一個目的地，一個最終目的地，對吧？

It is a continuously growing, evolving journey.

它是一個持續成長、不斷演進的旅程。

What's really good is this country has embedded the SDGs in its national plans.

這國家很棒的一點是，他們已經將 SDGs 融入國家計畫中了。

First, I think the place where some of these new ambitious economic reforms, how do they land with institutional change?

首先，我認為這些新的、有企圖心的經濟改革，要如何與制度變革結合？

The public administration, public services, can they keep up with the ambition of the new reforms?

公共行政、公共服務，能否跟上這些新改革的企圖心？

Has every province yet to embed the SDGs in local planning and in local development?

每個省份是否都已將 SDGs 納入地方規劃和地方發展中？

The second is, as I was saying, the private sector, the business community has to step up, it has to grow.

第二點是，正如我剛才說的，私人企業、商業社群必須挺身而出，必須成長。

So what will support more startups, more innovation?

那麼，什麼能支持更多新創公司、更多創新呢？

What will bring in more fdi, not just to a few, but

什麼才能吸引更多外國直接投資（FDI），而且不只吸引到少數，

to a larger private sector community in this country.

而是吸引到這個國家更廣大的私人企業社群呢？

越南擁有令人驚豔的自然資源。

You have one of the longest coastlines in the world, right?

你們擁有世界上最長的海岸線之一，對吧？

So the blue economy is as powerful as the green economy, right?

所以，藍色經濟跟綠色經濟一樣強大，對吧？

Are we really making the best optimal use of the marine economy and ecology?

我們真的有充分發揮海洋經濟和生態的最大效益嗎？

And my last maybe reflection is the fact of why I feel that this is a country that is very much on the right track in going into that upper middle income and high income.

我最後一個想法是，我為什麼覺得這個國家在邁向中上收入和高收入的道路上，是走在非常正確的軌道上。

It's not the word income, it's because of people.

這不是收入的問題，而是因為人。

And if we keep investing in people and their capabilities and their dreams, their identities and their sense of being a part of this country, equal part of this country, I think this is untouchable.

如果我們持續投資在人身上，投資在他們的潛力、他們的夢想、他們的認同感，以及他們對這個國家的歸屬感，成為這個國家平等的一份子，我想這是無可匹敵的。

This country is going to leapfrog going forward.

From your international experience, what are the major bottlenecks that that could trap a country in the middle income trap.

根據您豐富的國際經驗，有哪些主要的瓶頸可能會讓一個國家陷入中等收入陷阱？

And what risks should Vietnam avoid at this stage of development?

越南在這個發展階段，又應該避免哪些風險呢？

You know, I have never used, and for undp, we don't use the term trap.

其實，我從來沒有用過，而且我們 undp 也不會使用「陷阱」這個詞。

It has a sense of somehow being powerless, that you're put in a cage and you can't get out.

這個詞會讓人覺得無能為力，好像被關在籠子裡出不來一樣。

And I don't think that is the story of Vietnam or many of our countries in this region.

我不認為這是越南或我們這個地區許多國家的故事。

So I think you have to get out of this middle income trap.

所以我認為我們必須跳脫這個中等收入陷阱。

It's not that someone has locked us up in a cage and say you can't get out.

並不是有人把我們鎖在籠子裡，說我們出不去。

So I think it is really a determined sense of what policies, what mix of institutional reforms, how do we use financing to improve prosperity for more people so that you're not stuck at one level.

所以我認為，這取決於我們下定決心要推動哪些政策、哪些制度改革的組合，以及如何運用資金來改善更多人的福祉，這樣才不會停滯不前。

Do you only want to be a high income country where it's measured by income, but

你們是隻想成為一個高收入國家，只看收入，

所以這是一套不同的衡量標準。

When you look at it from the lens of does everyone have a fair chance?

當你從每個人都有公平機會的角度來看時？

But you can attract financing that comes in and really boost not just the economy, but

但你可以吸引資金進來，不僅能提振經濟，還能

And I think that, I think is a fundamental set of core values that immediately puts you on a different path and it will play an increasingly key role globally in the region and here.

我認為，這是一套根本的核心價值，能立刻讓你走上不同的道路，而且它在全球、區域以及這裡都將扮演越來越重要的角色。