Name: 歐盟新制裁將如何影響俄羅斯 | DW News (How new EU sanctions could impact Russia | DW News)
Uploaded: 2025-07-18T16:50:05.000Z
Duration: 4 min 27 s

The European Union has agreed to a new sanctions package against Russia over its war in Ukraine.

歐盟已同意就烏克蘭戰爭對俄羅斯實施新的一攬子制裁。

It's the 18th round since Russia's full-scale invasion of Ukraine in 2022.

這是自 2022 年俄羅斯全面入侵烏克蘭以來的第 18 輪比賽。

EU Foreign Policy Chief Kaya Kallis said the new sanctions include a lower oil price cap and the targeting of more of Russia's Shadow Fleet ships.

歐盟外交政策負責人卡亞-卡利斯（Kaya Kallis）說，新的制裁措施包括降低油價上限和針對俄羅斯影子艦隊更多船隻的制裁。

These are used to circumvent restrictions on oil exports.

這些都是用來規避石油出口限制的。

The sanctions were blocked for two weeks by Slovakia, which refused to agree with fellow bloc members over concerns it jeopardised Russia's energy sources.

斯洛伐克因擔心制裁會危及俄羅斯的能源來源而拒絕與集團其他成員達成一致，制裁被斯洛伐克阻撓了兩週。

Let's get more on this from our correspondents.

讓我們從我們的記者那裡獲得更多資訊。

Sergei Saternovsky reports on Russia from Riga.

謝爾蓋-薩特諾夫斯基從里加報道俄羅斯。

這是在 DWR 禁止從俄羅斯入境之後。

This is the EU's 18th round of sanctions against Russia since the invasion.

這是歐盟自俄羅斯入侵以來對其實施的第 18 輪制裁。

EU member states did struggle to get this package across the finish line, didn't they?

歐盟成員國確實費了九牛二虎之力才使這一攬子計劃順利完成，不是嗎？

As you rightly pointed out, Slovakia was the hold-up this time.

正如您正確指出的，斯洛伐克是這次的阻礙因素。

Slovakia was complaining that a separate EU plan to, in the long term, phase out and ban all sales of Russian oil and gas here in the European Union would jeopardise Slovakia's own energy security.

斯洛伐克抱怨說，歐盟的一項單獨計劃，即從長遠來看，逐步淘汰並禁止在歐盟境內銷售俄羅斯的所有石油和天然氣，將危及斯洛伐克自身的能源安全。

Now, it eventually did get on board after some reassurances from the European Commission around the potential measures to keep security on Slovakia's energy sources.

現在，在歐盟委員會就確保斯洛伐克能源安全的潛在措施做出一些保證後，斯洛伐克最終加入了這一行列。

Slovakia is seen as a country with closer ties to Russia or certainly more critical of European support to Ukraine so far.

斯洛伐克被視為一個與俄羅斯關係更密切的國家，或者說，到目前為止，斯洛伐克肯定對歐洲對烏克蘭的支持持更嚴厲的責備態度。

但現在斯洛伐克也加入了進來。

So there will be more measures targeting so-called shadow fleets.

是以，將有更多的措施針對所謂的影子船隊。

So these are oil tankers which Russia uses to evade sanctions.

是以，這些是俄羅斯用來逃避制裁的油輪。

There will also be, notably, a ban on importing Russian oil which is refined elsewhere.

此外，還將禁止進口在其他地方提煉的俄羅斯石油。

So this really impacts, for example, trade with India and with Turkey, because so far Russia has been exporting oil to those countries.

是以，這確實會影響與印度和土耳其等國的貿易，因為到目前為止，俄羅斯一直在向這些國家出口石油。

It's been refined there to a sufficient level where it's no longer considered Russian.

在那裡，它已經被提煉到足夠的程度，不再被認為是俄語。

And then European countries have been buying it here.

然後，歐洲國家一直在這裡購買。

And lastly, they'll be looking at trying to lower a price cap on Russian oil.

最後，他們將試圖降低俄羅斯石油的價格上限。

Now, this is where this allows European countries to ban European firms from financing or supporting any ships that are transporting Russian oil that's above a certain level.

現在，這就是允許歐洲國家禁止歐洲公司資助或支持任何運輸超過一定水準的俄羅斯石油的船隻。

I'm told that's pretty hard to implement, especially because the United States is not on board.

我聽說這很難實施，尤其是因為美國沒有加入。

Sergey, to you then now, what impact is this latest round of sanctions anticipated to have on Russia?

謝爾蓋，對你來說，最新一輪制裁預計會對俄羅斯產生什麼影響？

Well, it's not hard to imagine how the Kremlin would respond to that question.

不難想象克里姆林宮會如何回答這個問題。

So a couple of days ago, even before these new sanctions were introduced, Russia's foreign ministry said the country sees these new sanctions packages as routine and that it can handle them.

是以，幾天前，甚至在這些新制裁措施出臺之前，俄羅斯外交部就表示，俄羅斯認為這些新制裁措施是例行公事，它可以應對。

In reality, though, of course, there will be some disruptions.

但在現實中，當然會有一些干擾。

Russia is likely to have fewer shadow tankers, at least for a while.

至少在一段時間內，俄羅斯的影子油輪可能會減少。

Dozens of banks are expected to lose access to the SWIFT payment system.

預計將有數十家銀行無法使用 SWIFT 支付系統。

Some companies may no longer be able to import so-called dual-use goods from abroad.

一些公司可能無法再從國外進口所謂的兩用物品。

On the other hand, some oil and gas analysts that we spoke to believe that the impact of the new price cap, for example, will be very limited.

另一方面，我們採訪過的一些石油和天然氣分析師認為，新的價格上限等影響將非常有限。

And the reason is that the EU has few tools to effectively target Russia's shadow fleet, which continues, of course, to carry Russia's oil.

究其原因，歐盟幾乎沒有有效打擊俄羅斯影子艦隊的工具，當然，俄羅斯的石油仍由影子艦隊運送。

And any serious attempt to push Russian oil off the market could lead to a price spike, which is something that would ultimately benefit Russia.

任何將俄羅斯石油擠出市場的嚴重企圖都可能導致價格飆升，而這最終將有利於俄羅斯。

And basically, that's why it's hard to see how these new measures would bring about real change on the front lines in the near future.

基本上，這就是為什麼很難看到這些新措施會在不久的將來給前線帶來真正的變化。

Thank you to both our correspondents, Sergei Sotonovsky in Riga and Rosie Bichard in Brussels.

感謝我們在里加的記者謝爾蓋-索托諾夫斯基和在布魯塞爾的記者羅西-比查德。