Name: 政治如何讓我們瘋狂 (How Politics Can Drive Us Mad)
Uploaded: 2025-06-17T18:17:44.000Z
Duration: 5 min 55 s

反身代名詞

It's a measure of how much we generally manage to keep political events separate from our internal functioning that it sounds unusual, and possibly eccentric, to speak of such political events as having any power to drive us mad. Of course, we may sometimes sigh at our screens and let out an expletive or two at a given situation in the company of a friend, but somehow madness, that truly extreme state in which we lose a grip on the functioning of our minds, in which we can no longer contain our anxieties or retain perspective, feels exaggerated in relation to political events that don't personally touch us, when no bomb is directly falling on us and no tyrant is explicitly sending us to prison. We associate sanity with not going mad, even when the world does appear, some miles away from us, in its own way, to have gone a little bit mad. But if things are pressing on us with particular force, perhaps more than is generally held to be legitimate, we might turn to the example of the writer Virginia Woolf, one of the most sensitive humans ever to have lived, who did, it seems, lose control of her mind – and eventually of her life – over the rise of fascism in Germany and the outbreak of the Second World War. Virginia Woolf had not been mentally well for a long time. She had been sexually abused by her half-brothers from the age of six until adolescence. She had lost her mother at the age of 13, her beloved half-sister at 15 and her father at 22. It is no wonder that the world didn't feel quite safe, that she was often terrified, that she internalised what was done to her by imagining herself a terrible person, and that she had great difficulty trusting that anyone could be kind, reliable or properly on her side. At the same time, her challenges gave her an enormous appetite for beauty, gentleness, friendship, literature and compassion and sympathy. She held on extra tightly to what felt good outside to make up for all that was frightened and hurt inside. It is this faith that Hitler, a stranger living far away in another land, destroyed for Virginia Woolf. His aggression, his hate-filled and untruthful speeches, his control over the minds of Germans wore away at Woolf's trust in everything. He seemed to paint the world black and remove the hope that she had always already found in short supply. His cruelty echoed too much that had been cruel in her life. The invasion of Poland and then France and all of Western Europe, the beginning of the Blitz and U-Boat campaigns chiselled away at the foundations of Virginia Woolf's belief in reasoned and principled behaviour. The world had lost its way and Woolf could not prevent herself from following suit. She tried very hard to stop the fears, the voices, the anger and distress, but despite the love of her husband, the safeguards gradually fell away. On 28 March 1941, following a particularly senseless and destructive German air raid on London, Virginia Woolf filled her coat pockets with stones and walked into the River

我們一般都能將政治事件與我們的內部運作分開，是以，說這些政治事件有能力讓我們發瘋，這聽起來很不尋常，甚至可能有些古怪。當然，我們有時可能會對著螢幕嘆氣，在朋友的陪伴下對某一特定情況發出一兩句感嘆，但不知何故，當炸彈沒有直接落在我們身上，暴君也沒有明確地把我們送進監獄時，瘋狂--那種我們失去對頭腦運作的控制、再也無法剋制焦慮或保持理智的真正極端狀態--在與我們沒有切身觸動的政治事件相關時，就顯得有些誇張了。我們將理智與不發瘋聯繫在一起，即使這個世界在離我們幾英里遠的地方，以它自己的方式顯得有點發瘋。但是，如

基礎被動語態

Ouse near her home in Rodmel, Sussex. Her body was found three weeks later. Before drowning,

她的屍體在三週後被發現。三週後，她的屍體被發現。溺水前

Woolf left a letter to her husband. She wrote,

伍爾夫給丈夫留下了一封信。她寫道

I feel certain I'm going mad again. I feel we can't go through another one of those terrible times. And I shan't recover this time. I begin to hear voices and I can't concentrate. So I'm doing what seems the best thing to do. You've given me the greatest possible happiness. I don't think two people could have been happier till this terrible disease came. I can't fight any longer. Everything is gone from me but the certainty of your goodness. It seems peculiar to think of Virginia Woolf as one of the victims of

我覺得自己肯定又要瘋了。我覺得我們不能再經歷那種可怕的時刻了這次我也不會恢復了。我開始幻聽，無法集中精神所以我在做看起來最好的事你給了我最大的幸福我想在這可怕的疾病來臨之前 兩個人都不會更幸福了我再也無法抗爭了除了對你善良的肯定 我什麼都沒有了把弗吉尼亞-伍爾芙看作是 "癲狂症 "的受害者之一，似乎有些奇怪。

Nazism. After all, none of Hitler's furious speeches targeted her. No Luftwaffe raid gunned for her. And yet, in a sense, the atmosphere of mayhem and unbounded violence generated by Hitler and his gang were to blame for unbalancing the fragile mind of possibly the greatest writer of the 20th century, living in a quiet English village far from any bomb or concentration camp. Woolf's case stands as a warning and a reminder of susceptibility. For those of us who are not wholly steady inside, whose minds have been placed under enormous stress by early losses and abuses, what happens in the political realm is not as distinct from us as it might be and may prove especially charged and especially dangerous. The hateful voices and motives we see far away can't help but evoke those we have known too well from our vicinity and that we have fought for many years to keep at bay. We may have a special need, more than we realised, for the world to show evidence of solidity and goodness to counterbalance the violations of the past. If we find ourselves so-called abnormally affected, if the shouting and the hate and the betrayals and the viciousness cut deep into our minds, we need to take particular care. We may need to fight with extra courage and assiduously enlist the love of all who care about us, to remain on the side of hope, to ensure that all that is unkind outside of us is never allowed to achieve a victory over the wisdom and goodness that endure within us.

納粹主義畢竟，希特勒的憤怒演說沒有一次是針對她的。德國空軍的空襲也沒有以她為目標。然而，從某種意義上說，希特勒和他的幫派所製造的混亂和無邊無際的暴力氛圍，都是導致這位可能是20世紀最偉大的作家脆弱心靈失衡的罪魁禍首，而她卻生活在一個遠離任何炸彈或集中營的寧靜的英國村莊裡。伍爾夫的事例是一個警示，提醒人們要警惕易感性。對於我們這些內心並不完全穩定的人來說，由於早期的損失和虐待，我們的心靈承受了巨大的壓力，政治領域發生的事情並不像我們想象的那樣與我們截然不同，可能會被證明是特別緊張和特別危險的。我們在遠處看到