Name: 生活成本為何成為澳洲大選的主要議題 | BBC News (Why cost of living is a major issue in Australia election | BBC News)
Uploaded: 2025-05-03T00:08:14.000Z
Duration: 9 min 36 s

In Australia, voters will head to the ballot box on Saturday to cast their vote in the country's federal election.

在澳洲，選民將於週六前往投票箱，在該國聯邦選舉中投票。

Among the critical issues for voters is the high cost of living.

生活成本高昂是選民面臨的關鍵問題之一。

Both Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and the opposition leader Peter Dutton have been making big spending promises.

總理安東尼-阿爾巴內斯和反對黨領袖彼得-達頓都做出了大筆支出的承諾。

My colleague Steve Lye is in Sydney and told us earlier what the mood is like.

我的同事史蒂夫-萊伊（Steve Lye）正在雪梨，他早些時候告訴了我們現在的氣氛。

It's just about 6.10 in the evening here, the day before polling day, although early polling has been available to Australians here for the last two weeks or so.

現在是投票日前一天的傍晚6點10分左右，儘管在過去兩週左右的時間裡，這裡的澳大利亞人已經可以提前投票了。

We understand that about 6 million people have already cast their votes.

我們瞭解到，約有 600 萬人已經投了票。

That's out of 18 million eligible voters.

這是從 1800 萬合格選民中選出的。

So quite a sizable proportion of the electorate have already cast their votes even before polling day has yet to begin.

是以，相當一部分選民在投票日尚未開始時就已經投了票。

You mentioned housing, affordability and the cost of living very much on the minds of many of the electorate.

您提到了住房、經濟承受能力和生活成本問題，這也是許多選民非常關心的問題。

Worth to note as well that the demographics of this election are certainly interesting because it's the first time that millennials and Gen Z voters will be outnumbering baby boomers, comprising approximately 47% of the electorate.

值得注意的是，這次大選的人口結構也很有趣，因為這是千禧一代和 Z 世代選民的人數首次超過嬰兒潮一代，約佔選民總數的 47%。

So what matters to young people in this election is something that will be on the minds of those political candidates as they've been making their campaign speeches and campaign pledges as well.

是以，在這次選舉中，對年輕人來說什麼是最重要的，這也是這些政治候選人在發表競選演說和競選承諾時會考慮的問題。

Now we talked a bit about the cost of living and housing being on the minds of voters, but that's not the only thing.

現在，我們談到了選民們所關心的生活成本和住房問題，但這並不是唯一的問題。

There's also the geopolitics, geopolitical side of things as well that has really sort of come to the fore.

此外，地緣政治、地緣政治方面的問題也凸顯出來。

So it's not just the Russia-Ukraine war, it's not just what's been happening in the Middle East that we've just been reporting on, but it's really US President Donald Trump and his tariffs agenda that has really shaken things up.

是以，不僅僅是俄烏戰爭，也不僅僅是我們剛剛報道的中東發生的事情，而是美國總統唐納德-特朗普和他的關稅計劃真正動搖了一切。

We've seen how it's played out in the Canadian election.

我們已經看到了加拿大大選中的表現。

Will it have an impact here in Australia as well?

That's something that candidates are trying to assess and determine what Australia's place in the world is going to be and how they present that to the electorate is certainly going to be on their minds.

候選人正試圖評估和確定澳洲在世界上的地位，如何向選民展示這一點肯定是他們考慮的問題。

My colleague Katie Watson has been speaking to voters from across Australia to get their thoughts on what matters to them.

我的同事凱蒂-沃森（Katie Watson）一直在與澳洲各地的選民交談，瞭解他們對哪些事情的看法。

This is Western Sydney and Australians here are enjoying some Americana.

這裡是西雪梨，澳大利亞人正在享受美式風情。

Politics here has been a bit of a wild ride.

Every day, candidates trying to control their message, but not always successfully.

每天，候選人都在努力控制自己的資訊，但並不總是成功。

US politics and Donald Trump have thrown this campaign somewhat off course.

美國政治和唐納德-特朗普（Donald Trump）讓這場競選活動有些偏離正軌。

Tariffs are great, but we should have had tariff protections many years ago.

關稅固然好，但多年前我們就應該有關稅保護。

It looks bad now because they're used to a system where you sell off assets overseas.

現在看起來很糟糕，因為他們已經習慣了在海外出售資產的制度。

特朗普是有史以來最偉大的人物。

It probably affects me more than I realise, but I just choose to ignore it.

它對我的影響可能比我意識到的還要大，但我只是選擇忽視它。

Labor Prime Minister Anthony Albanese and rival Peter Dutton have repeatedly had to answer questions on Trump.

工黨總理安東尼-阿爾巴內斯（Anthony Albanese）和競爭對手彼得-達頓（Peter Dutton）多次不得不回答有關特朗普的問題。

Not everyone, though, satisfied with the answers.

不過，並非所有人都對答案感到滿意。

Which is why independent candidates and smaller parties are doing well, voters fed up with traditional politics.

這也是獨立候選人和小黨派表現出色的原因，選民對傳統政治已經厭倦。

Since Trump has come in, we've seen a huge shift in the global geopolitical order.

自特朗普上臺以來，我們看到全球地緣政治秩序發生了巨大變化。

And Australia's in this position where the US is a close ally and has been for 80 years, but China is our major trading partner.

澳洲現在的處境是，美國是澳洲的親密盟友，80 年來一直如此，但中國卻是澳洲的主要貿易伙伴。

So we have to balance these interests very carefully.

是以，我們必須非常謹慎地平衡這些利益。

Canvassers are eager to sway any voters who are still undecided.

拉票員們急切地想說服所有仍未做出決定的選民。

It's like our overall economy and also defence.

這就像我們的整體經濟和國防一樣。

I care a lot about climate change and also queer rights.

我非常關注氣候變化和同性戀者的權利。

A lot of the world is turning very conservative, I guess.

我想，世界上很多地方都變得非常保守。

And global politics is increasingly hard to ignore when it comes to casting a vote.

在投票時，全球政治越來越難以被忽視。

Initially, the focus was on the cost of eggs, the cost of living in general, the cost of energy.

最初，人們關注的焦點是雞蛋成本、一般生活成本和能源成本。

But there are some things that are more important than the cost of eggs.

但有些事情比雞蛋的成本更重要。

Its Liberal Party was unelectable six months ago, but their elections this week were totally transformed by Donald Trump.

其自由黨在六個月前還無法當選，但本週的選舉卻被唐納德-特朗普徹底改變了。

People here haven't been affected as much by Trump's policies.

這裡的人們並沒有受到特朗普政策的影響。

But what we saw earlier this week in Canada, this leaning towards incumbents, the familiar in an uncertain world, well, polls predict that scenario will play out here too.

但我們本週早些時候在加拿大看到的情況是，在一個不確定的世界裡，人們傾向於支持現任者，而民調預測這種情況也會在這裡出現。

Australia prides itself on mateship, staying on side with its friends matters.

澳洲以朋友關係為榮，與朋友保持一致非常重要。

There may not be much of a team spirit among allies right now, but voters here will be keen to see how their next leader rides out this unpredictability.

現在盟友之間可能沒有太多的團隊精神，但這裡的選民將拭目以待他們的下一任領導人如何應對這種不可預測性。

It really is fascinating to see how events unfolding all the way across on the other side of the world can have an impact here on domestic issues here in Australia.

世界另一端發生的事件如何對澳洲國內問題產生影響，這確實令人著迷。

And we can discuss this a bit further with Conrad Benjamin.

我們可以和康拉德-本傑明進一步討論這個問題。

He's creator, editor and presenter of the Punter's Politics podcast.

他是《Punter's Politics》播客的創建者、編輯和主持人。

Conrad, thanks so much for joining me today to talk about this.

康拉德，非常感謝你今天和我一起討論這個問題。

You've been speaking about the elections in the run-up to this quite extensively.

在這次選舉之前，您一直在廣泛地談論選舉問題。

Tell us what some of your listeners and voters you've been speaking to about their main concerns leading into this election.

請告訴我們，在您與聽眾和選民的交談中，他們對此次選舉的主要關切是什麼。

I think the main concerns are the fact that society in general in Australia, things are getting more expensive.

我認為主要的問題在於，澳洲社會的總體情況是物價越來越高。

Housing is now impossible to get into if you're a millennial Gen Z.

如果你是 "千禧一代 "的 Z 世代，現在就不可能買到住房。

You're now 10 years away from saving to get your deposit, even if you started 10 years ago.

即使你 10 年前就開始存錢，現在也還有 10 年才能拿到存款。

So a lot of my audience and the things I talk about is how the system is fundamentally broken and we're sick of politicians who seem to be passing laws that keep this broken system going that benefits their vested interests and their corporate interests and is just beating down the everyday Aussie punter.

是以，我的很多聽眾和我談論的事情都是這個系統是如何從根本上被打破的，我們厭倦了那些政客，他們似乎正在通過法律來維持這個被打破的系統，這有利於他們的既得利益和公司利益，只是在打壓澳洲的普通賭客。

So what does that mean for these people that are sort of suffering from these policies that aren't helping them then?

那麼，這對那些因這些政策而受苦的人們意味著什麼呢？

And what are they thinking about doing during this election?

他們打算在這次選舉中做些什麼？

Not voting for the two main parties, looking to independents or smaller parties perhaps?

不投票給兩大主要政黨，也許會投給無黨派人士或小黨派？

Or just boycotting the election altogether?

Yeah, the best thing about our political system is that we force everyone to vote and you get to preferentially list.

是啊，我們的政治體制最棒的地方在於，我們強迫每個人投票，而你可以優先列入名單。

And then so I can go top to bottom if the major parties are just tinkering around the edges and serving their corporate donors,

然後，如果主要政黨只是在邊緣修修補補，為他們的企業捐贈者服務，我就可以從上到下進行分析、

I get to put a minor party or an independent and then in my electorate, if they don't get up, my vote will flow to who I would rather.

我可以把票投給一個小黨或獨立黨，然後在我的選民中，如果他們不起來，我的票就會流向我更願意投的人。

Do I want a slap in the face or a kick in the nuts?

I get to choose in the end, but ultimately I can put who I really want without wasting my vote, which I know in the UK and the US, it's a different system.

我最終會做出選擇，但最終我可以選擇我真正想要的人，而不會浪費我的選票，我知道在英國和美國，這是不同的制度。

And so I think a lot of Aussies are very happy with our voting system that allows us to do that.

是以，我認為很多澳大利亞人對我們的投票制度感到非常滿意，因為它允許我們這樣做。

Yeah, it does really enable young voters or voters across the spectrum in Australia to really properly engage with the process and understand it's compulsory as well to vote.

是的，這確實能讓澳洲的年輕選民或各階層選民真正參與到投票過程中，並瞭解投票也是強制性的。

I mean, there must be a frustration then from your listeners and for the young people here in Australia to really make their voices heard.

我的意思是，你們的聽眾和澳洲的年輕人一定很沮喪，無法真正發出自己的聲音。

Yeah, like we've been, major parties have been horse trading back and forth.

是的，就像我們一樣，主要政黨一直在來回交易。

Let's take housing for the last 20 years.

We have some of the most expensive housing in the world.

我們擁有世界上最昂貴的住房。

Like you wouldn't know we live in a country with heaps of land, but for 20 years, the housing crisis has gotten worse and worse and worse to the point where millennials and Gen Z are just completely locked out.

就像你不知道我們生活在一個擁有大量土地的國家一樣，但20年來，住房危機越來越嚴重，以至於千禧一代和Z世代完全被拒之門外。

And so when you look at voting trends at the moment,

是以，當你看到目前的投票趨勢時、

Albo with his last federal election won with the lowest primary vote in history.

阿爾博在上次聯邦選舉中贏得了歷史上最低的初選選票。

So as much as he won, confidence in the major two-party system is dripping away.

是以，儘管他贏了，但人們對主要兩黨制的信心卻在逐漸喪失。

And we're going to find out tomorrow whether that trend will continue, whether generations like myself are looking for politicians to actually start fixing broken systems rather than handing us a couple of bucks and tinkering around the edges and kicking the can down the road.

明天我們就會知道，這種趨勢是否會繼續下去，像我這樣的幾代人是否希望政客們真正開始修復破損的系統，而不是給我們幾塊錢，在邊邊角角修修補補，一拖再拖。

Yeah, and what do you think it would take for them to address or to make significant reforms that would help?

是的，你認為他們需要採取什麼措施來解決或進行重大改革才能有所幫助？

Like politicians seem to only want one thing and that's power.

政客們似乎只想要一樣東西，那就是權力。

And we need to just take it off them for them to lose an election, to lose votes, to lose seats.

我們需要讓他們失去選舉，失去選票，失去席位。

So they wake up and go, oh, how do we get votes?

所以，他們一覺醒來，就會想，哦，我們怎麼才能得到選票呢？

Well, let's look at where the votes went.

Let's look at these independents that don't take corporate cash.

讓我們看看這些不接受企業現金的獨立公司。

Let's look at these independents that don't go work for oil and gas lobby groups just after they made the rules for it, right?

讓我們看看這些獨立人士，他們在制定了石油和天然氣遊說團體的規則後，就沒有去為這些團體工作，對嗎？