Yesterday, a student tweeted and asked me to keep everyone updated on the new coronavirus.

昨天，有一名學生在推特上發文，希望我可以為大家隨時更新新冠肺炎的訊息。

He said he went to New York's Lakeland Central School District, which is closed because of virus concerns.

他說他去了紐約的 Lakeland 中央學區，但已經因為疫情而關閉了。

And yesterday on the U.S. West Coast, the governor of Washington state told school districts there to get ready for possible closures.

而在昨日的美國西岸，華盛頓州的政府發文各學區，要他們準備好隨時關閉校園。

This is just one effect of the quickly spreading virus.

這只是這可怕病毒的其中一個影響。

Thursday night's NBA game between the Brooklyn Nets and the Golden State Warriors is scheduled to be played without fans.

星期四晚上，由布魯克林籃網對上金州勇士隊的 NBA 比賽，已經決議要在沒有觀眾的情形下開打。

Saudi Arabia just announced it was closing movie theaters across the country.

沙烏地阿拉伯宣布要關閉全國的電影院。

And India says anyone who's traveling there after visiting hard-hit countries like China and Italy will be quarantined for at least two weeks.

印度宣布，任何去過疫情重災區，如中國與義大利的旅客，都會被強制隔離至少兩週。

The World Health Organization, part of the United Nations, has declared that the new coronavirus is a pandemic, meaning it has spread worldwide.

聯合國隸屬組織，世界衛生組織宣布這種新型冠狀病毒已經進入「全球大流行」的狀態。

The group says this is the first time that a coronavirus, a type of disease that can cause respiratory problems, has caused a pandemic.

該組織表示，這是冠狀病毒，會造成呼吸道問題的疾病，第一次造成全球大流行。

But it added that several countries have shown the virus can be suppressed and controlled.

但他們也說，有許多國家已經證明了該病毒可以被抑制、控制住。

Around the country tonight, some workplaces are telling their employees—stay home because of the coronavirus outbreak.

因為疫情的爆發，今晚有許多公司都叫他們的員工在家上班。

Tech giants Amazon, Microsoft, Google, and Facebook are asking employees in Seattle to work from home when possible with the encouragement of local officials.

科技巨擘 Amazon、微軟、Google 與臉書都要他們在西雅圖的員工可以的話就在家上班，當地官員也如此呼籲。

We are encouraging employers to maximize telecommuting.

我們在此鼓勵公司最大化使用遠距離辦公。

Other employers are preparing to make that move.

許多雇主也都準備好要如此。

NASA and JPMorgan Chase are preparing by conducting one-day telework practice runs.

NASA 與摩根大通也都準備好要施行一天的遠距離辦公測試。

In New York state, a few thousand people have been asked to self-quarantine.

在紐約州，有數千人被要求自我隔離。

Teleworking, teleconferencing, refraining from travel, getting much of our work done at home could soon be much more commonplace.

遠距工作、遠距會議、克制旅遊慾望與在家工作可能會變成稀鬆平常的事。

The University of Washington in Seattle said classrooms will be shuttered for the next two weeks.

西雅圖的華盛頓大學說教室在接下來兩週都會關閉。

In many of our classrooms, there is incredibly close proximity.

我們許多教室的座位配置都十分緊密。

Meanwhile, some schools like St. John Vianney in Holmdel, New Jersey, can offer students their lessons, textbooks and assignments online, and are prepared to go into virtual days if the school needs to close.

同時，一些學校，如新澤西的 St. John Vianney 提供線上教學、教材與作業，為未來關閉校園的可能做好準備。

Is America ready to telework?

美國準備好遠距辦公了嗎？

I think that we're already seeing over the past 15 years, a lot of companies, even very large companies, companies that might surprise you like IBM, which has a huge portion of its workforce working at home already.

在過去十五年間以來，我們可以看到許多公司，甚至是大公司，像是 IBM，有許多的職員都是在家上班的。

But for many, that means a shift in workplace culture.

但對許多公司而言，這代表工作文化的改變。

Employees will need to be outfitted at home with the computers and other equipment they'll need, and they have to be trained on how to use them.

員工在家得全副武裝，要有電腦或其他需要的工具，也得訓練他們如何使用。

Luckily, this stuff is very, very intuitive.

幸運地是，這些東西的操作都是很直覺的。

You know, obviously, there's a number of different software solutions out there to enable telework or virtual conferencing.

網路上有許多軟體，可以用來遠距辦公或線上會議。

Very simple to set up.

很簡單就能安裝好。

Workplace analysts acknowledge there are many businesses like carmakers, factories, food services, banks with retail branches where employees working remotely is out of the question.

工作分析專家說，有許多企業如造車廠、工廠、餐廳、有櫃位的銀行，這些企業都無法遠距工作。

But in other sectors, they say, the psychological advantages of working from home could lead to better productivity.

但其他的產業呢，有人說心理優勢就是在家工作的生產力會更好。

Employees feel less stressed.

員工會比較沒有壓力。

The freedom of being able to walk around at home and grab a snack can build creativity.

能在家隨意走動、吃零食的自由，可以增加創意。

The downsides?

缺點呢？

Sometimes employees feel isolated or lose focus on the mission.

有時員工會覺得很孤寂，或容易分心。

People who are not used to working in a remote location at home falling victim to the fact that they're at home and they get to work in bunny slippers, which they might mistake for the opportunity to sort of goof off and maybe miss some deadlines.

不習慣遠距辦公的人，常常會因為他們覺得自己在家，工作時還能穿小兔子拖鞋等等，讓他們變得遲鈍，甚至來不及在期限完成工作。

Stephen Ward, whose cybersecurity firm has about half its people working from home, has a formula for keeping those employees focused and motivated.

Stephen Ward 是網路安全公司的老闆，該公司有一半的員工都在家上班，他有個秘訣讓員工保持專注與動力。

Use your calendar.

利用行事曆。

You know, set tasks for yourself, get up and take a shower.

為自己設立目標，然後起床沖澡。

Simply, just going through that process of like not working in your pajamas is a good idea.

更簡單地，像平常一樣工作，不穿睡衣上班就是個好主意。

How does a virus spread?

病毒是如何傳播的？

There are plenty of ways.

有各種方法。

It could be a sneeze, a handshake, to name a few.

可能是一個噴嚏、一次握手等等的。

Then there's our habits—washing our hands, not touching our face.

我們的習慣也有影響，常洗手、不碰觸臉等。

Even the climate may play a role in determining how far and how fast an infection spreads.

對於病毒能散播多遠、多快，連氣候也有關係。

Scientists have summed up how far an infection can spread with a number.

科學家已經用數字統整出傳染病會如何傳播多遠。

It's called R naught (R0)

這叫做 R naught（在此簡稱 R0 ）

A number greater than one indicates it'll grow, less than one indicates the outbreak will die out.

數字大於 1 表示病毒會繼續成長，小於 1 則表示疫情會消散。

Scientists determine the number with a formula that brings together all the environmental and biological factors.

科學家用一個分子式來計算所有的環境與生物要素，進而算出數字。

This is how it looks in reality.

實際上看來是這樣的。

An infection is introduced to human from animal, let's say, the bigger the R0 number, the more people of virus can infect.

動物傳染疾病給人類，R0 的數字越大，越多人可能得到該傳染病。

So an R0 of two means that patients zero will on average infect two other people who in turn can infect another two people and so on.

R0 數字若等於 2，這表示第一個帶原者平均會傳染給兩人，那兩人也會再分別傳染給另外兩個人，以此類推。

An infection like measles sits higher of the spectrum with an R0 of between 12 and 18.

傳染病麻疹的 R0 的數字大約落於 12-18 之間。

At the lower end is something like Ebola with an R0 number of 1.5 to 2.5.

數字較低的傳染病則像是伊波拉病毒，大概在 1.5-2.5 之間。

And while the flu varies from year to year, one study reports it averages to 1.2.

流感的數字每年都不一樣，一個研究指出平均數字是 1.2。

But as various factors change, so too does the R0.

許多元素都會改變，R0 也會。

Take SARS.

拿 SARS 來舉例。

When it first emerged, SARS spread rapidly with a high R0, but people were only contagious once symptoms started showing.

當 SARS 第一次出現時，它快速散播，有著相當高的 R0 值，但人們只有在有症狀時才會傳染。

Once people were informed about the symptoms, they started coming to the hospital earlier.

當人們得知這件事，他們就會早點去就醫。

People could check themselves into hospital before infecting other people, pushing the R0 number below one.

因此人們可以在感染其他人之前趕快就醫，讓 R0 值降到 1 以下。

And that is how a virus can spread.

這就是病毒散播的方法。

Our next topic today concerns the issue of slavery.

今天的下個主題與奴役有關。

It's not a thing of the past.

這可不是只發生在過去的事。

That's part of the mission statement of CNN's Freedom Project which aims to increase international awareness about modern day slavery and to take steps to stop it.

這是 CNN 自由計畫的宗旨之一，也就是提升大家對於現代奴役的意識，並努力阻止它的發生。

On March 11th, which has been called My Freedom Day, students worldwide raised their voices about these issues.

3 月 11 日，又稱作我的自由日，世界各地的學生會為此發聲。

Here in Hong Kong, My Freedom Day feels a little bit different this year.

在香港這裏，今年的我的自由日似乎有些不同。

Instead of being at a school, I'm in the studio, where I've been talking to students by a video chat.

我身在攝影棚而不是在校園裡，我在這裡和一些學生視訊談論。

Because of the coronavirus outbreak, schools are closed here for at least two months, but that has not diminished their activism.

因為新冠肺炎疫情，在這裡學校已經關閉了至少兩個月，但此事並沒有縮減他們的行動。

Freedom means to me being able to go out, being able to travel.

對我而言，自由就是可以出門、可以旅遊。

I have a lot of family friends overseas who have experienced xenophobia.

我有許多海外的親戚，他們都經歷過當地的恐外症。

Especially in Italy, I had a—I had a family member travel there.

尤其是義大利，我有個家族成員去那邊旅行。

There were a lot of xenophobic remarks.

他接收到了許多排外的言論。

So I think freedom to me also means being able to be accepted anywhere.

因此，自由對我而言，也代表在任何地方都能被接納。

I think a big freedom that's important to me is freedom of speech.

我認為最重要的自由，就是言論自由。

Even though schools been closed through these kind of online platforms we've been able to continue these discussions and maintain that freedom.

即使學校已經關閉，我們還是可以透過這種網路平台來發聲，來維護言論自由。

I think, at this current time, I think we should be very grateful for our opportunity and freedom to continue learning.

我認為在現在，應該要很感激我們還有這個機會與自由能夠繼續學習。

What you've learned about the problem of modern day slavery and how you're choosing to respond to it.

對於現代奴役的問題，你們知道什麼，又有什麼感想？

One big statistic that I actually saw recently in the news was one in 200 people is a slave, and that surprised me because I thought that was something that only happened 200 years ago and I just thought like it was astounding.

我最近在新聞上讀到的數據是，每兩百人就有一人是奴隸，這讓我很驚訝，因為我以為這是只有在數百年前才會發生的事，現在這讓我感到震驚。

I think that in Hong Kong, we have a form of modern day slavery in the abuse of migrant workers and helpers.

在香港的部分，我們有一種現代奴役，也就是對於外國移工或幫傭的剝削。

Recently, we've done a mask drive where we donate them sanitizing products and masks to support them throughout this coronavirus period, especially when they don't get the support they need.

最近我們來了一場口罩巡迴，捐助消毒產品與口罩給他們，尤其他們在這疫情爆發期間都沒有獲得該有的幫助。

And due to the coronavirus, a lot of migrant workers have been asked by their employers to stay at home during these 24 hours instead of going out.

且由於疫情的緣故，許多外國幫傭被雇主要求整天待在家不能出門。

The lines between, you know, getting their rest and, you know, continuing to work becomes quite blurred.

休息與工作的界線逐漸變得模糊。

I mean, how optimistic are you that we could end modern day slavery?

對於終結現代奴役這件事，你們有多樂觀？

To be perfectly honest I do feel very optimistic about the situation.

老實說，我真的蠻樂觀的。

I think that our world now is much more aware of human rights.

我認為現在全世界對人權的意識都較為清楚。

Education is kind of the first step forward that I think we'll be able to make.

教育是我們能做的第一步，向前邁進的第一步。

Obviously, I would hope that we would be able to end it, but I think that the more realistic first step is educating youth and motivating them to try to make a change in their lifetime.

當然，我也很想馬上終結它，但現實面我們能做的，就是教育青年，希望他們在未來都能做出一些改變。

Like, our generation seems quite responsible but also motivated to want to make a change and that's why I would like to keep that hope and that optimism that this can be, like, have a difference.

我們這個世代感覺蠻有責任心的，也很有動力，所以我想要保持樂觀，我們未來一定能做出改變。

10 out of 10.

來支令人「十分」滿意的影片吧！

For "10 out of 10": two.

在這個單元 -- 2！

As in two whittle baby cheetahs.

我指的是兩隻獵豹寶寶。

Their populations are believed to be decreasing in Africa but they're on the up and up at the Columbus Zoo.

獵豹在非洲的數量不斷減少，但在 Columbus 動物園多了兩隻。

One of the new cubs is a female who weighed about three-quarters of a pound at birth, the other a male tipped the scales at a pound.

其中一隻母幼豹出生時重約 3/4 磅，另一隻公幼豹則重約 1 磅。

The zoo says it's raised many cheetah cubs before and some have bonded with their human caretakers, allowing them to monitor the animals health during births like this one.

動物園方說他們已經培育了許多獵豹寶寶，有些甚至和飼育員培養深厚的感情，使得我們可以近距離觀察他們的生產。

We have no intention of "cheetah-ing" you out of puns here, it's become a "habitat" of ours.

我們沒有意圖使用雙關語來騙取點閱率，只是這已經變成一種習慣了，

"Cats" the reason some of you love to watch and chasing some down helps us make strides in creative writing.

因為很多觀眾愛看，而且還會和我們互動，這讓我們更有動力發揮創意了。

So there's "savannah" way we'd sprint away without "cubbing" up with three or "carni-four" or more.

因為如此，我們絕對不能不講完三或四或更多的雙關語就結束今天的節目。

After all, we're always on the hunt.

畢竟，我們的狩獵之旅永不止息。

I'm Carl Azuz.

我是 Carl Azuz。

Cheetahs are joined by the Golden Eagles on today's show.

除了獵豹，今天的節目也有金鷹。

That's the mascot of Lewistown Junior High School in Lewistown, Montana.

也就是位於 Lewistown, Montana 的 Lewistown 中學的吉祥物。

Thank you for leaving a YouTube comment for CNN [10].

謝謝你們在 YouTube 頻道留言！