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Around the world, cyber crime is on the rise.
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By 2050, smart cities and homes will be the norm.
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Your fridge will tell a drone to pick up
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fresh milk when you run out, and lampposts
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will change the intensity of street lights
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when smartphones and therefore humans are nearby.
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In this hyperconnected world, the threat cyber-criminals
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pose will only grow.
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In the home, smart devices, including voice assistants,
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vacuum cleaners, and toilets, will
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be easy pickings for hackers.
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While these poorly secured gadgets do not
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store sensitive data themselves, they
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link to others that do and are vulnerable access
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points for criminals.
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Meanwhile, artificial intelligence
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is a double-edged sword.
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While AI systems can help to identify incoming threats,
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attackers could also use them to unearth vulnerabilities.
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In future, foreign powers or cyber-criminals
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could cripple a country's electricity network
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by taking over the AI that controls it,
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or they could cut off the water supply
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or even cause traffic chaos on the roads.
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AI could also help identity fraudsters
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by generating deepfakes.
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These digital doppelgangers are currently a novelty,
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but the techniques used to create them are rapidly
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improving, with increasingly realistic depictions of people.
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So far, they've mostly been used as part of revenge pornography.
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But a realistic digital avatar could
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be a useful cover for wheedling key details such as passwords
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or bank details out of targets.
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But the struggle to keep systems secure is not hopeless.
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By 2050, much poorly written and outdated code
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will be removed and replaced by more secure alternatives.
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Even passwords could be phased out, obsolete and less secure
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than facial recognition software.
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Deepfakes could be beaten by constant verification systems
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that track eye movement, faces, and keystrokes
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to ensure the person behind the keyboard
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is who they claim to be.
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But that risks putting cybersecurity over privacy.
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Policymakers and designers must work
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hard to ensure that this does not become a binary choice.
