Name: 為什麼比特幣行不通？ (Why Bitcoin Is Not Working)
Uploaded: 2018-03-25T01:21:46.000Z
Duration: 11 min 7 s

Currency, in its many forms, has been part
of human civilisation for thousands of years.

貨幣，以其多種形式，一直以來都在為我們的生活服務。
幾千年來人類文明的。

A natural evolution of trade from the the
arduous process of bartering, where traders

貿易的自然演化
艱辛的交易過程，在這裡，商人們

needed to find an equivalent exchange of goods
to complete a transaction.

The advent of metal coins, which had a known
and reliable value, allowed trade to flourish.

金屬錢幣的出現，它有一個已知的。
和可靠的價值，使貿易得以蓬勃發展。

It facilitated the diversification of jobs,
and even invented a new one, the banker.

它促進了就業的多樣化。
甚至還發明瞭一個新的，銀行家。

As trade flourished, and coins were minted,
the wealthy needed a secure location to keep

隨著貿易的繁榮，錢幣的鑄造。
富人需要一個安全的地方來保存

Banks became common place, where vasts amount
of money was stored, and the responsibility

銀行成為常見的地方，在那裡大量的
儲存的錢，並負責

of keeping track of it fell into the hands
of these bankers.

追蹤的責任落到了
這些銀行家的。

The banker could facilitate trades between
people, without the physical coins, from which

銀行家可以在以下情況下促進交易
人，而沒有實物錢幣，從這些錢幣中。

the currency gained its value, ever needing
to be seen.

This evolved to the world we now know where
electronic and paper money is commonplace,

這就是我們現在所知道的世界，在這裡...
電子貨幣和紙質貨幣是很常見的。

Trust that this money has intrinsic value,
trust that became tarnished by the global

相信這筆錢有內在價值。
信任，但卻因全球

financial crisis where bankers created excessive
amounts of another new form of currency debt,

金融危機中，銀行家們製造了過度
另一種新形式的貨幣債務的數額。

a currency based on assumed future earnings.

When this system fell apart with the crash
in property prices, many ran back to the tried

當這個系統崩潰的時候
樓價上漲，很多人又回到了久經考驗的狀態。

and true method of using gold as a safe and
reliable currency, resulting in the prices

和真正的方法，把黃金作為一種安全和
幣，導致價格

peaking at the height of the crash, but one
clever individual started to wonder is there

在車禍的高峰期，但一
聰明的人開始懷疑是否有

That person was allegedly “ Satoshi Nakamato”
the mysterious founder of the first cyptocurrency,

那個人據說是 "中和聰"。
第一個電子貨幣的神祕創始人。

Satoshi released this statement conveying
his motivation for creating bitcoin:

聰哥發表了這一聲明，傳達了
他創建比特幣的動機。

“The root problem with conventional currency
is all the trust that's required to make it

"傳統貨幣的根本問題
是所有的信任，需要使它。

The central bank must be trusted not to debase
the currency, but the history of fiat currencies

必須相信中央銀行不會貶值。
幣，但貨幣史

Banks must be trusted to hold our money and
transfer it electronically, but they lend

銀行必須被信任來持有我們的錢和
以電子方式傳輸，但他們借出了

it out in waves of credit bubbles with barely
a fraction in reserve.

信貸保麗龍一波接一波地湧現，幾乎沒有
儲備的一部分。

We have to trust them with our privacy, trust
them not to let identity thieves drain our

我們要相信他們，我們的隱私，相信他們
他們不要讓身份竊賊榨乾我們的

Their massive overhead costs make micropayments
impossible.

他們龐大的管理成本使得小額支付。
不可能。

Cryptocurrencies were invented primarily to
eliminate the banking system middle men from

加密貨幣的發明主要是為了
清除銀行系統的中間人

To ensure the security of people's hard earned
money and allow for cheap accessible transactions.

為確保人民民眾的血汗錢安全。
錢，並允許廉價的無障礙交易。

A beautiful idea, that in practice has its
flaws.

一個美好的想法，在實踐中卻有其
缺陷。

In order to eliminate these middle men, we
need to find a way of creating a trust system

為了消除這些中間人，我們
要想辦法建立一個信任體系。

A way of ensuring that someone cannot simply
write a transaction crediting their account

In its purest form, Bitcoin is a currency
that uses a system of complicated keycodes

在其最純粹的形式下，比特幣是一種貨幣
複雜的密碼系統

to verify transactions between individuals.

Batches of transactions are filed into something
called a block every 10 minutes.

分批的交易被歸檔到某項
每10分鐘叫一個區塊。

For bitcoin the max amount of transactions
per block is around 2,400, so bitcoin has

對於比特幣來說，最大交易量
每個區塊約為2400個，所以比特幣有

a max transaction speed of 4 transactions
per second.

最大交易速度為4次交易
每秒鐘。

Each of these blocks needs to be verified
in order to verify the transaction history

這些區塊中的每一個都需要驗證
為了核實交易記錄

and cryptocurrencies do this in a pretty surprising
way.

和加密貨幣以一種非常令人驚訝的方式實現了這一點
辦法。

Bitcoin uses a system called a cryptographic
hash function, in this case Sha-256. to verify

比特幣使用的是一種名為 "密碼學 "的系統。
哈希函數，在這種情況下，Sha-256.以驗證

每個塊，它的工作原理是這樣的。

SHA-256 simply outputs a string of 256 bits,
that's a 256 long string of 1s and 0s, for

SHA-256只是輸出一個256位的字符串。
那是一個256長的1和0的字符串，對於。

SHA-256 will always give the same output for
a given input, BUT, as far as we know, it's

SHA-256總是會給相同的輸出。
但是，據我們所知，它是一個給定的輸入，但是，它是

impossible to take the output and figure out
what the input was.

That means, in order to generate a specific
desired output, the only way of doing it is

這意味著，為了生成一個特定的
所需的輸出，唯一的辦法就是要做到

And to do this quickly requires a significant
amount of computational power.

而要做到這一點，需要大量的
量的計算能力。

Essentially employing millions of little monkeys
in your computer to type numbers until one

基本上僱傭了幾百萬只小猴子
在電腦中輸入數字，直到有一個

So how does this apply to the blockchain verification
of Bitcoin?

那麼，如何應用於區塊鏈驗證呢？
的比特幣？

For a block to be added to the chain it needs
to be signed with a SHA-256 input that will

要將一個塊添加到鏈上，它需要
要用SHA-256輸入簽名，將

result in a predetermined string of zeros
at the start.

結果是一個預定的零串。
在開始的時候。

The number of zeros needed is determined by
how much computational power is trying to

所需的零數由以下因素決定
有多少計算能力是試圖

The more zeros needed, the more computational
power is needed.

需要的零越多，計算量就越大。
權力是需要的。

We want the blockchain to be verified every
10 minutes, so in order to maintain that verification

我們希望區塊鏈每一次都能得到驗證。
10分鐘，所以為了維持這種核查。

time, the number of zeros needed keeps rising
as more computational power is dedicated to

時間，所需的零數不斷增加。
隨著更多的計算能力被用於

It is through this huge dedication of computation
power that ensures security of the blockchain.

正是通過這種巨大的計算量的奉獻。
力，確保區塊鏈的安全性。

It would be unfeasible for an individual to
rewrite the blockchain with false information,

一個人要做到以下幾點是不可能的
用虛假資訊重寫區塊鏈。

as they would first need to dedicate enough
power to sign previously written blocks, and

因為他們首先需要投入足夠的資金
簽署以前書寫的區塊的權力，以及

manage to keep up with the blocks currently
being written by the rest of the network.

趕得上
正在被網絡的其他部分編寫。

A herculean task, as we are about to see.

正如我們即將看到的那樣，這是一項艱鉅的任務。

There are more nuances to this system, and
I highly recommend you watch 3blue1brown's

這個系統有更多的細微差別，而且。
我強烈推薦你看3blue1brown的作品。

video on the subject if you want to learn
more.

視頻上的主題，如果你想學習
更多。

This blockchain technology is fascinating,
and has a huge amount of potential outside

這個區塊鏈技術很吸引人。
並具有巨大的潛力外

of just cryptocurrencies, but it has negative
side effects, which have been exacerbated

的只是加密貨幣，但它有負的
副作用，而這種作用又加重了。

by the hijacking of the bitcoin hype train.

The blockchain is verified by miners, these
are people who guess the inputs for SHA-256

區塊鏈是由礦工驗證的，這些
是猜測SHA-256輸入的人。

to generate the desired output, and they are
rewarded for doing so with some bitcoin.

以產生所需的輸出，並且它們是
用一些比特幣進行獎勵。

To increase your chances of being the first
person to correctly guess an appropriate input,

為了增加您成為第一個
人，以正確猜測一個合適的輸入。

you need to maximise your computational power,
basically employ more monkeys, but obviously

你需要最大化你的計算能力。
基本上僱傭了更多的猴子，但顯然

Computation requires expensive equipment,
and equipment prices have only risen as the

計算需要昂貴的設備。
和設備價格只漲不跌，因為

demand for blockchain verification tech increases,
and it also requires electricity.

對區塊鏈驗證技術的需求增加。
而且還需要電。

There are giant mining farms in the wastelands
of Iceland that use the cheap geothermal energy

荒原上有巨大的採礦場。
廉價的地熱能源的冰島人

and the abundance of cool air to minimise
their electricity costs for this very reason.

和豐富的冷空氣，以最大限度地減少。
他們的電費就是因為這個原因。

But the price of Bitcoin has inflated so dramatically
that it's still profitable to dedicate a

但是，比特幣的價格已經急劇膨脹了
獻身於此還是有利可圖的。

huge amount of computation power to mine,
and it has risen to damaging levels.

巨大的計算力來挖掘。
並且已經上升到破壞性的程度。

One Chinese mining facility was reportedly
spending 80,000 dollars a month on electricity,

據報道，中國的一個採礦設施被
每月花8萬元電費。

but was turning over 1.5 million per month.

With returns like that, it would make perfect
sense to expand and increase your electricity

有了這樣的回報，這將是完美的
擴充和增加你的電力的意義

demands, and this is exactly what we are seeing.

要求，而這正是我們所看到的。

Digiconomist have constructed a Bitcoin Energy
Consumption Index which has estimated that

Digiconomist已經構建了一個比特幣的能量
據估計，消費指數

the network of computers that verify bitcoin
transactions draw 3.4 Gigawatts (GW) That

驗證網絡
交易額為3.4千兆瓦（GW）。

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為什麼比特幣行不通？ (Why Bitcoin Is Not Working)

eliminate

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