Neil: And I'm Neil. Did you have a good weekend, Alice?

我是尼爾。週末過得好嗎，愛麗絲？

Yes, but it flew by – which means it went quickly – and here we are again,

是的，但它飛快地過去了--這意味著它很快就過去了--我們又來了。

back at work!

復工

Neil: Hm. I know what you mean.

尼爾：嗯，我知道你的意思。

Though I must say, time really dragged for me – and that means it went slowly.

雖然我必須說，時間對我來說真的很拖沓--這意味著它走得很慢。

I was on a train, which broke down.

我在一列火車上，火車壞了。

Alice: Oh dear!

愛麗絲哦，親愛的！

And it felt like it took forever to arrive – though actually it was only delayed

而且感覺好像花了很長時間才到--雖然實際上只是延後了時間。

only by one hour.

只差一個小時。

Alice: Well, today we're talking about our perception of – or the way we see –

愛麗絲好了，今天我們正在談論 我們的看法 - 或者說我們看到的方式 - 。

time.

時候。

It's true that when we're busy doing lots of things, time flies by.

的確，當我們忙著做很多事情的時候，時間就會飛快地流逝。

Neil: And when we're bored or have nothing to do, it drags.

尼爾：而當我們感到無聊或者無事可做的時候，就會變得很拖沓。

And I didn't have anything to do on the train.

而且我在火車上也沒有什麼事可做。

Do you think time flows at the same rate for everyone, even animals?

你認為時間對每個人，甚至是動物，都是以同樣的速度流動的嗎？

My cat doesn't get bored doing nothing all day.

我的貓咪整天無所事事也不會覺得無聊。

I wonder if time drags for her sometimes?

我不知道時間對她來說有時會不會拖沓？

Alice: Good question!

問得好！

Did you know, Neil, that, according to a new study, smaller animals perceive time as if

你知道嗎，尼爾，根據一項新的研究，小動物對時間的感知就像... ...

it is passing in slow motion?

它是在慢動作中通過？

Neil: That sounds weird.

這聽起來很奇怪。

Do you think they hear us like this: t…a…l…k…i…n…g s…l…o…w…l…y…?

你以為他們會這樣聽我們說：T......A......I......K......I......N......G......S......I......O......W......I......Y......？

Alice: Don't be silly, Neil!

愛麗絲別傻了，尼爾！

What I meant was that small animals such as insects and small birds can observe more detail

我的意思是，昆蟲、小鳥等小動物可以觀察到更多的細節。

in a certain period of time. for example, a second than larger animals.

在一定時間內.例如，比大型動物多一秒。

Neil: And how does this help them, exactly?

尼爾：那這對他們到底有什麼幫助呢？

It sounds like the day would really drag if every second got stretched out like that!

如果每一秒鐘都這樣被拉長的話，聽起來一天的時間真的會很漫長!

Alice: It helps them by giving them time to escape larger predators.

愛麗絲：它能幫助它們，讓它們有時間躲避更大的捕食者。

Now, I have a question for you, Neil.

現在，我有一個問題要問你，尼爾。

Can you tell me roughly how much more quickly a fly's eye can react than a human eye? Is

你能告訴我，蒼蠅的眼睛比人眼的反應速度大概有多快嗎？是

it ... a) twice as quickly?

它......a)兩倍的速度？

b) four times as quickly? Or c) ten times as quickly?

b)四倍的速度？還是c）十倍的速度？

Neil: Well, I'll go for c) ten times.

尼爾：好吧，我選c）十次。

Flies are pretty nippy and that's another word for quick.

蒼蠅是相當尖銳的，這是另一個詞，快速。

Alice: Yes. Well, we'll find out later on if you got the answer right or not.

愛麗絲愛麗絲： 是的。好吧，我們稍後就會知道你的答案是否正確。

Now, small animals can typically process more visual information than we can.

現在，小動物通常可以處理比我們更多的視覺資訊。

But in a dangerous situation our brains can work in overdrive to process information more

但在危險的情況下，我們的大腦會超負荷工作，以處理更多的資訊。

quickly.

迅速。

And overdrive means a state of extreme activity.

而超速則意味著一種極端的活動狀態。

Let's listen to Raza Rumi, a writer and broadcaster in Pakistan, talking about the unusual way

讓我們來聽聽巴基斯坦作家、廣播員拉扎-魯米講述不同尋常的方式。

his brain worked when gunmen opened fire on him in his car.

當槍手在他的車裡向他開火時，他的大腦還在工作。

Raza Rumi: It lasted for a few minutes but to me that particular incident seems like it was for hours.

Raza Rumi。但在我看來，那起事件似乎持續了幾個小時。

it was for hours.

它是幾個小時。

I think my brain was working in a very strange way.

我覺得我的大腦工作方式很奇怪。

Parallel and multiple thoughts and streams of consciousness were sort of running along:

平行的、多重的思想和意識流也算是順勢而為。

'I have to save my head because if I get a bullet in my brain I'm dead.'

'我必須保住我的腦袋，因為如果我的腦袋中了一槍，我就死定了。

And at the same time, 'Was it all worth it?'

同時，"這一切值得嗎？

And, 'Alas, what a short life it was, it was lovely.'

而且，"唉，真是短命啊，真可愛。

I was petrified that I was going to die.

我很害怕自己會死。

Neil: Raza Rumi there.

拉扎-魯米在那裡。

So, he was petrified by the attack �V which means extremely frightened.

所以，他被攻擊石化了。"V "的意思是極度害怕。

As a result, his brain started working in a strange way. He was thinking and feeling

結果，他的大腦開始以一種奇怪的方式工作。他的思維和感覺

lots of different things at the same time.

很多不同的東西在同一時間。

Alice: That's right �V he remembers thinking practical thoughts like,

愛麗絲。他記得自己的想法很實際，比如：

'I have to save my head'.

'我得保住我的腦袋'。

Neil: But in parallel �V or at the same time �V he also remembers having philosophical

尼爾：但是在平行的時間裡，或者說在同一時間裡，他也記得有一些哲學上的東西。

thoughts, such as:

思想，如。

What a short life it was, it was lovely.

多麼短暫的一生啊，它是可愛的。

Alice: Have you ever been in a dangerous situation where your brain went into overdrive, Neil?

愛麗絲：你有沒有遇到過危險的情況，你的大腦進入超負荷運轉的狀態，尼爾？

Neil: Yes, I was ten years old and I fell backwards out of a big tree in our garden.

尼爾：是的，我十歲的時候，從我們花園裡的一棵大樹上倒栽蔥摔了下來。

Alice: Oh no!

愛麗絲：哦，不！

Neil: Yeah. I have a vivid memory of the sun flashing above me,

尼爾：是的，我對太陽在我頭頂上閃爍的情景記憶猶新。

and the clouds moving across the sky,

和雲朵在天空中移動。

and the leaves rustling in the tree above me �V my mum was screaming through the kitchen

我的媽媽在廚房裡尖叫著。

window as she saw me fall.

窗戶，因為她看到我摔倒。

I experienced so much in the space of just a few seconds, just like Raza Rumi describes.

就像拉扎-魯米所描述的那樣，在短短几秒鐘的時間裡，我體會到了很多。

Alice: Yes. A vivid memory, by the way, is clear and detailed.

愛麗絲是的。對了，記憶力很強，很清晰，很詳細。

Oh, poor Neil! Did you hurt yourself?

哦，可憐的尼爾！你傷到自己了嗎？

Neil: Some big bruises �V but no broken bones.

尼爾：有些大的瘀傷。

Alice: Glad to hear it.

愛麗絲，很高興聽到這個消息很高興聽到這個消息。

Now, it's a strange trick of memory that in a scary situation your brain starts to record

現在，這是一個奇怪的記憶竅門 在可怕的情況下，你的大腦開始錄製

everything in great detail.

一切都很詳細。

And the more memory you have of an event, the longer you believe it took.

而你對一件事的記憶越多，你相信它的時間就越長。

This idea explains why children often feel that time is passing slowly

這個想法解釋了為什麼孩子們經常覺得時間過得很慢。

because their experiences are new, and they are creating lots of new memories.

因為他們的經歷是新的，他們正在創造很多新的記憶。

Neil: Whereas boring grown-ups like us are following routines that don't require new

尼爾：而像我們這樣無聊的成年人，則是按照常規，不需要新的。

memories because they're so familiar.

記憶，因為它們是如此熟悉。

But let's listen to Claudia Hammond, author of Time Warped, talking about how we can stretch

但是，讓我們聽聽《時間扭曲》的作者克勞迪婭-哈蒙德說說，我們該如何延伸。

time and make our days feel longer �V in a good way!

在好的方式下，讓我們的日子感覺更長。

Claudia Hammond: If you can spend your weekend filling it with loads of new different activities,

克勞迪婭-哈蒙德。If you can spend your weekend filling it with loads of new different activities. 如果你能花上週末的時間去參加各種新的活動的話

it'll go fast, at the time, because you're having fun.

它會去快速，在時間， 因為你有樂趣。

But when you look back, say, on Sunday night, and you've got to go to work next day, it

但是，當你回過頭來看，比如說，在週日晚上，你必須去上班的第二天，它。

will feel as if your weekend was long, because you filled it with new memories.

會覺得你的週末很漫長，因為你用新的記憶填充了它。

Alice: We should do that, this weekend, Neil.

愛麗絲我們應該這樣做，這個週末，尼爾。

What do you think?

你覺得呢？

Neil: Definitely. I'm going to buzz around like a fly, creating loads of new memories.

尼爾：一定會的。我要像一隻蒼蠅一樣到處亂飛，創造大量的新記憶。

Alice: Now, are you ready for the answer to today's quiz question?

愛麗絲現在，你準備好了 今天的測驗問題的答案？

I asked: Roughly how much more quickly a fly's eye can react than a human eye?

我問道。蒼蠅的眼睛比人眼的反應速度大概有多快？

Is it �K a) twice as quickly, b) four times as quickly or c) ten times as quickly?

是a)兩倍的速度，b)四倍的速度，還是c)十倍的速度？

Neil: And I said c) ten times as quickly.

尼爾：我說c)十倍的速度。

Alice: The correct answer is b) four times as quickly.

愛麗絲。正確答案是b）四倍的速度。

Flies have eyes that send updates to the brain at much higher frequencies than our eyes because

蒼蠅的眼睛能以比我們眼睛高得多的頻率向大腦發送更新資訊，因為

they can process the information more quickly.

他們可以更快地處理資訊。

This speed illustrates the impressive capabilities of even the smallest animal brains.

這種速度說明了即使是最小的動物大腦也有令人印象深刻的能力。

Neil: Well, before we buzz off, perhaps we should hear the words we learned today.

尼爾：好吧，在我們嗡嗡作響之前，也許我們應該聽聽我們今天學到的單詞。

They are:

他們是。

flew by

飛過

dragged

拖沓

perception

感知力

nippy

乳頭

overdrive

超速

petrified

石化

in parallel

並行

Alice: Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English.

愛麗絲好了，這就是今天的結束 6分鐘的英語。

Remember to join us again soon!

記得近期再來參加我們的活動!

Both: Bye!

再見！