Name: 全球首份公海協定生效！越南今日報導 (World’s first high seas pact enacted | Vietnam Today)
Uploaded: 2026-03-20T09:12:22.000Z
Duration: 6 min 36 s
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過去完成式

As soon as the BBNG agreement came into effect, environmental organizations and experts hailed that it had ended a long standing lack of oversight in the high seas.

BBNJ協議一生效，環保組織和專家們就歡呼，這結束了公海長期以來缺乏監督的局面。

基礎被動語態

The treaty is now seen as the victory for international law.

這項條約現在被視為國際法的一大勝利。

情態副詞

The Agreement on Marine Biological Diversity of Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction will legally bind its 83 ratifying states to support the conservation and sustainable management of biodiversity in international waters.

《國家管轄範圍以外海域海洋生物多樣性協定》將在法律上約束其 83 個締約國，支持國際水域生物多樣性的保護和可持續管理。

From the perspective of the international community, this is a really important piece of new law because we have seen the plunder of wildlife and the damage to habitats in open ocean waters in these international spaces.

從國際社會的角度來看，這是一項非常重要的全新法律，因為我們已經看到這些國際空間的公海海域發生了野生動物掠奪和棲息地破壞。

And without urgent action now to protect that wildlife, we'll lose the option to exploit those fisheries, for example, anyway, because there won't be fish there to take.

而且，如果不立即採取緊急行動保護這些野生動物，我們 anyway就會失去開發這些漁業的機會，因為那裡將沒有魚可捕。

Conservationists warn governments must act quickly to achieve the global goal of protecting 30% of the world's oceans by 2030.

保育人士警告，各國政府必須迅速採取行動，以實現到 2030 年保護全球 30% 海域的全球目標。

Because the high seas make up such a vast portion of the oceans, their protection is essential to reaching that goal.

由於公海佔了海洋的很大一部分，保護公海對於實現這一目標至關重要。

So governments which have ratified the treaty, which means they have legally bound themselves to join the treaty, means that they now have power to protect it.

是以，已準許該條約的國家，這意味著他們已在法律上承諾加入該條約，這表示他們現在有權保護公海。

What we now need to see governments doing is putting marine protected areas into force in the high seas.

我們現在需要看到各國政府在公海設立海洋保護區並使其生效。

Vietnam was among the first countries to sign the agreement and one of the early nations to complete approval procedures helping the treaty reach the threshold needed to enter into force.

越南是首批簽署該協議的國家之一，也是首批完成準許程序的國家之一，這有助於該條約達到生效所需的門檻。

This early participation underscores Vietnam's strong commitment to protecting the oceans and conserving marine biodiversity.

越南的早期參與，更加凸顯了其對保護海洋及保育海洋生物多樣性的堅定承諾。

As this is a relatively new issue, building a clear and accurate understanding is essential.

由於這是一個相對較新的議題，建立清晰且準確的理解至關重要。

Joining the High Seas Treaty offers Vietnam a valuable latecomer advantage, boosting high quality human resources in ocean science, expanding access to technology transfer, and

加入公海條約，為越南提供了寶貴的後發優勢，有助於提升海洋科學的高品質人力資源，擴大技術轉移的機會，並

enabling more active participation in international marine science and technology networks.

促成更積極地參與國際海洋科學與技術網絡。

As a member of the BBNJ Agreement, Vietnam will take a larger part in mechanisms linked to its four core pillars.

作為 BBNJ 協議的成員，越南將在與其四大核心支柱相關的機制中扮演更重要的角色。

These include access to and fair sharing of benefits for marine genetic resources, the establishment and management marine protected areas, environmental impact assessments for activities in areas beyond national jurisdiction, and

這包括海洋遺傳資源的獲取與公平惠益分享、海洋保護區的設立與管理、國家管轄範圍以外區域活動的環境影響評估，以及

And the Chancellor of Marine Technologies to help us better understand the significance and potential impact of the BBNG Agreement and as well as what it could mean for countries like Vietnam.

以及海洋科技的講座，協助我們更深入地瞭解 BBNG 協議的意義與潛在影響，以及對像越南這樣的國家可能意味著什麼。

Nguyen Thanh Joong, Research Fellow at the center for International Law at the National University of Singapore, joins us.

新加坡國立大學國際法中心的博士後研究員阮清忠（Nguyen Thanh Joong）將與我們一同探討。

What does the BBNJ Agreement mean for the collective efforts of the international community in managing and protecting the oceans, especially areas beyond national jurisdiction?

BBNJ 協議對於國際社會在管理和保護海洋，特別是國家管轄範圍以外的區域，這些共同努力有什麼意義呢？

So to understand the BB and J Agreements, I think it's helpful to start with its mother treaties.

所以要了解 BBNJ 協議，我覺得可以從它的母約開始會比較清楚。

The 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law, the SEA or the unclass.

1982 年的《聯合國海洋法公約》，也就是 UNCLOS。

Basically, it's an implementing agreements under the unclass, right?

基本上，它是 UNCLOS 下的一個執行協定，對吧？

So it's designed to update the system in the Yunclaws and how to deal with problems that weren't fully addressed before.

所以它主要是為了更新 UNCLOS 的體系，以及如何處理以前沒有完全解決的問題。

So first it's changed how countries think about their shared responsibility for the oceans.

首先，它改變了國家們對海洋共同責任的看法。

So countries have to access environmental impacts before certain activities take place.

也就是說，國家在某些活動進行之前，必須評估其環境影響。

My second point is that the BB and agreements in a sense create common platforms and encourage these international bodies to work together under the same key principle of international environmental law and the common heritage of mankind.

我的第二點是，BBNJ 協議在某種程度上創建了共同平臺，並鼓勵這些國際機構在國際環境法和人類共同遺產的相同關鍵原則下合作。

The agreement comes into force, what concrete opportunities will it offer developing countries like Vietnam and in conserving marine biodiversity, advancing scientific research and gaining access to international resources and technologies?

協議生效後，對於像越南這樣的發展中國家，在保護海洋生物多樣性、推動科學研究以及獲取國際資源和技術方面，將會提供哪些具體的機會呢？

The most immediate benefits for Vietnam may not be money as such.

對越南來說，最直接的好處可能不是金錢本身。

Instead, they are likely to bring in things like access to scientific data, biological samples and international research networks through the clearinghouse mechanism of the agreements.

相反地，透過協議的資訊交換機制，可能會帶來像是獲取科學數據、生物樣本以及國際研究網絡的機會。

And second, through the BBH agreements, Vietnam will have more opportunities to take part in the discussions about creating marine protected areas, for example, and

其次，透過 BBNJ 協議，越南將有更多機會參與像是設立海洋保護區的討論，

to make sure that the regional concerns and the state concern of Vietnam are taken into account when discussing these things at the international level.

並確保在國際層級討論這些議題時，能納入越南的區域關切和國家關切。

And finally, I think there are real opportunities in capacity buildings and transport technologies for Vietnam.

最後，我認為在能力建設和運輸技術方面，越南有真正的機會。

So the agreements encourage corporations training and technology transfer through the voluntary funds created under the BB&J agreements and which can help many developing countries, including Vietnam, to strengthen its marine research capacities over time.

是以，這些協議透過 BBNJ 協議下設立的自願基金，鼓勵企業培訓和技術轉讓，這可以幫助包括越南在內的許多發展中國家，隨著時間推移加強其海洋研究能力。

So what priorities should Vietnam set in order to contribute actively and effectively to the implementation of the agreement?

那麼，越南應該設定哪些優先事項，才能積極有效地為協議的實施做出貢獻呢？

So Vietnam needs to make sure that its laws and policies are ready for the new agreements.

所以越南需要確保其法律和政策已準備好迎接新協議。

So for example, under the BBNG agreement, as I have mentioned before, if a Vietnamese companies or a research institute wants to carry out research on marine genetic resources or exploitation activities on the high sea.

以 BBNJ 協議為例，就像我之前提到的，如果越南的公司或研究機構想在公海進行海洋基因資源的研究或開發活動。

But in environmental impact assessment now it's required under the BB&J agreements.

不過，在環境影響評估方面，現在 BBNJ 協議已經要求了。

And moreover, this assessment has to be transparent and they must be allowed comments from the publics and other affected countries in the future.

而且，這項評估必須透明，並且未來必須允許公眾和其他受影響國家提出意見。

I think Vietnam should stay actively to be involved in these discussions at the UN level within the Conference of the Parties.

我認為越南應該積極參與聯合國層級的「締約方會議」中的討論。

And by doing so, Vietnam can protect its interests as host of developing countries and also contribute to the broader global efforts through protecting the oceans.

這樣一來，越南就能保護自己作為發展中國家的利益，同時也能透過保護海洋來貢獻於更廣泛的全球努力。