Name: 孟加拉國大選史無前例！女性參選人數銳減 😱 | DW 新聞 (Bangladesh’s election sees historic drop in female candidates | DW News)
Uploaded: 2026-02-10T17:35:00.000Z
Duration: 13 min 14 s

Now to Bangladesh, which is holding elections in two days.

接著我們要看孟加拉國，他們在兩天後就要舉行選舉了。

基礎被動語態

For the first time in decades, no major party is led to the polls by a woman.

幾十年來，這是頭一次沒有主要政黨由女性帶領參加選舉。

Women make up half of Bangladesh's voters, but less than 5% of the candidates.

女性佔孟加拉國選民的一半，但候選人中不到5%是女性。

Despite a new generation of women entering politics, the gap between voters and power appears to be widening.

儘管新一代女性紛紛投入政治，選民與權力之間的差距似乎越來越大。

DW的Zobeir Ahmed從達卡帶來報導。

Sumay alum Leera is campaigning for the Bangladesh Nationalist Party, the pnp.

Sumay的校友Leera正在為孟加拉國民族主義黨（PNP）進行競選。

It is the party which gave the country its first woman prime minister.

這個政黨曾讓國家出現第一位女性總理。

More women are going to schools, colleges and universities today because women were in leadership positions over the past decades.

如今有更多女性進入學校、學院和大學，因為過去幾十年來有女性擔任領導職位。

I'm not sure I would be standing here speaking to you if only men had held those positions.

如果只有男性擔任那些職位，我不確定我今天是否還能站這裡跟大家說話。

Leaders ambitions are still taking shape.

領導者的雄心壯志仍在成形中。

But despite its history, Bangladesh's political structure offers little encouragement to women.

但儘管有這樣的歷史，孟加拉國的政治結構對女性的鼓勵卻很少。

For 35 years, women led the top positions in Bangladeshi political power.

三十五年來，女性在孟加拉國的政治權力中擔任最高領導職位。

They were prime ministers, party chiefs, and behind the scenes power brokers.

她們曾是總理、黨魁，也是幕後權力掮客。

But now, for the first time in decades, no major party is being led into the election by a woman.

但現在，數十年來首次，沒有任何主要政黨是由女性領導參與選舉。

Despite that history, the issue of women's representation is structural and chronic.

儘管有這段歷史，女性代表權的問題是結構性和長期的。

Decades of women led governments, improved education and health, but did little for women's political power.

數十年的女性領導政府，改善了教育和健康，但對女性的政治權力卻沒什麼幫助。

Women have historically held less than one in five parliamentary seats, and

女性在國會席次中長期以來不到五分之一，

many of those are reserved and filled by party nomination.

其中許多是保留席次，由政黨提名產生。

In direct contests, women usually make up less than 5% of candidates for and a gap that reform promises after the uprising have failed to close.

在直接競爭中，女性候選人通常不到 5%，而起義後的改革承諾未能縮小這個差距。

This failure frustrates Taslim Akhtar, a candidate from the Gonushanghuti Andolon, a party with progressive ideas.

這讓來自進步派政黨 Gonushanghuti Andolon 的候選人 Taslim Akhtar 感到沮喪。

During the uprising, we fought against fascism, but we did not break free from its culture.

在起義期間，我們對抗法西斯主義，但並未擺脫其文化。

We still haven't reached a point where the state or political parties see women and men as equals.

我們還沒達到國家或政黨將女性和男性視為平等的階段。

Nominating more women candidates could have a powerful answer to that, but it didn't happen this time.

提名更多女性候選人本來可以有力地回應這個問題，但這次沒有發生。

And the way political parties have failed to nominate us has left many of us feeling disappointed.

而政黨未能提名我們的方式，讓許多人感到失望。

The imbalance is compounded by another reality.

另一項現實情況加劇了這種不平衡。

Nearly a third of women candidates are related to male political leaders, rather than being independent political actors.

近三分之一的女性候選人與男性政治領導人有關聯，而不是獨立的政治行動者。

On top of that, Islamists have become a major force in this election and and they are against women leadership.

此外，伊斯蘭主義者已成為這次選舉的主要力量，他們反對女性領導。

Shirin Parvin Hawk recently led the interim government's reform commission on women's issues.

Shirin Parvin Hawk 最近領導了臨時政府的婦女事務改革委員會。

In this country, 51% are women, so their broader representation is a must.

在這個國家，女性佔了 51%，所以讓她們有更廣泛的代表權是必須的。

But if we expect that more women in the parliament means everything will change fundamentally, that might not be the case.

但如果我們期待更多女性進入國會就意味著一切都會根本性地改變，那可能不會是這樣。

But more visibility of women and Then being part of different parliamentary committees is very important.

不過，女性的能見度提高，然後參與不同的國會委員會就非常重要了。

Back on campus, Lira knows she has to take it one step at a time.

回到校園，Lira 知道她必須一步一步來。

She hopes the path ahead will be wider for women like her and those who follow.

她希望未來的道路對像她一樣的女性以及跟隨她們的人來說會更寬廣。

More on this, we can speak now with our special correspondent Namisha Jai Spoiler.

更多相關消息，我們現在可以和我們的特派記者 Namisha Jai Spoiler 聊聊。

Misha, Bangladeshi women played a central part in the 2024 uprising.

Misha，孟加拉國女性在 2024 年的起義中扮演了核心角色。

Why is their political participation so limited now at this critical point just ahead of the election?

為什麼在選舉前這個關鍵時刻，她們的政治參與如此有限？

Well, Tariq, of all the women that I've been speaking to in my time here, they have repeatedly said that despite their hopes that the revolution would bring a more equitable environment for women to participate politically, that has not been the case.

Tariq，在我這裡採訪的女性中，她們一再表示，儘管她們希望革命能為女性的政治參與帶來更公平的環境，但事實並非如此。

事實上，那個空間一直在縮小。

And one of the other things that I've heard repeatedly is that cyberbullying is playing a huge role in that there are massive online hate campaigns being mounted against women activists as well as women politicians.

而且我一再聽到的另一件事是，網路霸凌扮演了很大的角色，因為針對女性活動家和女性政治人物，發起了大規模的線上仇恨活動。

And, and this is still a somewhat conservative society.

而且，這仍然是一個相當保守的社會。

So, for example, modified images off of AI are even being used to slander women that are taking up public space.

所以，舉例來說，連 AI 生成的修改圖片都被用來誹謗那些進入公共領域的女性。

Now, it is important to note that even though we keep talking about how Bangladesh has been ruled by a woman for over 30 years, both those women, former Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina and Khalid Aziya, had familial connections to politics.

現在，值得注意的是，儘管我們一直談論孟加拉國由女性執政超過 30 年，但兩位女性，前總理謝赫·哈西娜和卡莉達·齊亞，都與政治有家族淵源。

This does give a certain degree of protection.

這確實提供了一定程度的保護。

And the election commission here has found that in the past as well, the women who ran the were more likely to win if they had familial connections or male relatives in politics.

這裡的選舉委員會發現，過去女性參選者如果與政治界有家族淵源或男性親戚，她們獲勝的機率更高。

But even those women that we've spoken to who have these relatives say they are not safe from online hate campaigns.

但即使是那些有這些親戚的女性，她們也表示，她們並未免受線上仇恨活動的侵害。

What arguments are the major political parties giving for not prioritizing women representation more?

主要政黨提出的，關於為何不更優先考慮女性代表權的論點是什麼？

Well, Terry, when you ask these parties, they say that they are prioritizing women.

嗯，Terry，當你問這些政黨時，他們說他們正在優先考慮女性。

For example, one of the leading parties, the Bangladesh Nationalist Party, the bnp, says that it promises that women will be a bigger part of policymaking in the future if it wins.

舉例來說，其中一個主要政黨，孟加拉國民族主義黨（BNP），就表示如果他們贏得選舉，承諾未來女性將在政策制定中扮演更重要的角色。

But they're only fielding 10 women candidates.

但他們只推派了10位女性候選人。

That's less than 4% of the total candidates they're fielding.

這佔他們提名的總候選人不到4%。

And even then, the BNP is one of the parties that's fielding the highest number of candidates.

即便如此，BNP也是提名女性候選人比例最高的政黨之一。

Now, when we look at the other leading party, the Jamaati Islami, they haven't fielded a single woman candidate.

現在，當我們看另一個主要政黨，Jamaati Islami，他們根本沒有推派任何一位女性候選人。

And that among 30 parties that have not fielded any women candidates at all.

這是在30個根本沒有推派任何女性候選人的政黨之中。

Now, the leader of the Jamaat Eslami is also raising a lot of controversy for allegedly misogynistic comments.

現在，Jamaat Eslami的領導人也因為涉嫌發表厭女言論而引起許多爭議。

He made an online statement about working women, equating them to prostitutes.

他針對職業女性發表了一份線上聲明，將她們比作妓女。

That statement was taken down, the alleged hacking.

該聲明已被移除，據稱是遭駭客入侵。

But it has raised enough shackles here that women's rights activists have gone to the election commission asking for him to be disqualified.

但這在這裡引起了足夠的震驚，以至於女性權利活躍人士已經向選舉委員會提出請求，要求取消他的參選資格。

This is of course, unlikely to happen, but

alliance partners of the Jamaat, including the Youth Party that came out of the revolution, have actually lost women candidates thanks to the fact that they allied with the Jamati Islami.

像青年黨這樣與Jamaat結盟的政黨，因為與Jamaat結盟，實際上已經失去了女性候選人。

Now, some women candidates have decided to run as independents.

現在，有些女性候選人決定以獨立參選人的身份參選。

I understand is that because of disappointment with established political parties.

我理解是因為對現有的政黨感到失望。

That does seem to be a safe assumption to make, Terry.

這似乎是一個可以放心做出的假設，Terry。

17 of the 78 women candidates running in this election are running as independents.

在這次選舉中參選的78位女性候選人中，有17位是以獨立參選人的身份參選。

And several of them have left behind other major parties saying that they're disappointed with the old guard, that they were hoping that after the Youth Revolution, the old guard would not really be the dominant force and there'll be a new structure and they do not find their ideals aligning with these parties.

其中有幾位離開了其他主要政黨，表示他們對老一輩感到失望，他們希望在青年革命之後，老一輩不會成為主導力量，會有一個新的結構，但他們發現自己的理想與這些政黨不符。

One of these independents that we spoke to left the Youth Party to contest the elections as an independent after its alliance with Jamaat, like I mentioned.

我們採訪的一位獨立參選人，就是在Jamaat結盟後，離開青年黨以獨立參選人身份參選的，我之前提過了。

But many others who left the Youth Party decided not to contest this election because they were disappointed and they hope to enter politics later on.

但許多其他離開青年黨的人決定不參加這次選舉，因為他們感到失望，並希望以後再進入政壇。

But they feel like this is not the time thanks to the fact that the old structures, despite the revolution, seem to still be dominant.

但他們覺得現在不是時候，因為儘管發生了革命，舊的體制似乎仍然佔主導地位。

How big of a concern is the lack of women candidates for them in this election?

這次選舉中，女性候選人不足的問題對她們來說有多大的困擾？

It's definitely really high on the minds of all the women I've been talking to here, Terry.

特里，這絕對是這裡所有我聊過的女性心中非常在意的事。

It does not seem to be that dominant, perhaps among some of the men I've been talking to on the ground.

在我跟一些當地男性聊的時候，這似乎不是他們最主要的考量。

But several of the especially young women.

They told me that they really wanted to choose a woman candidate.

她們告訴我，她們真的很想選一位女性候選人。

They really, they were excited about voting for the first time in what they see as a free and fair election, over 41 million first time voters.

她們真的，對於她們眼中自由公平的選舉，她們非常興奮能第一次投票，有超過4100萬的首次投票選民。

But they said they don't even have a woman available on that list.

但她們說，名單上根本沒有女性候選人可以選。

And another reminder that I keep Getting is that 51% of the population's women, women make up a huge part of the workforce, especially the textile industry, but

另外還有一個我一直收到的提醒，就是人口的51%是女性，女性佔了勞動人口的很大一部分，特別是紡織業，但

And women have said that until both online and offline spaces are made safer for women, Bangladesh is giving up a huge economic dividend.

女性們說，在線上和線下的空間都對女性更安全之前，孟加拉國正在放棄巨大的經濟紅利。

That was DW special correspondent Namisha Jaisw.

這是DW特派記者Namisha Jaisw的報導。

Well, for more, I'm joined now by Sohela Nazni.

好的，更多內容，現在加入我的是Sohela Nazni。

She is with Britain's Institute of Development Studies, where she focuses on gender politics and women's empowerment in South Asia that includes Bangladesh.

她是英國發展研究學院的一員，在那裡她專注於南亞的性別政治和女性賦權，這包含了孟加拉國。

Ms. Nazni, it's good to have you on the program.

Nazni女士，很高興妳來到節目。

I'll start by asking you why are we seeing such a low number of women candidates in Bangladesh at the moment?

我想先問妳，為什麼我們現在看到孟加拉國的女性候選人數量這麼少？

There are three reasons behind this and it is, as your report sort of shows, it is quite surprising for a country that has been led by women and women are in all other sectors of the society and economy.

好的，這背後有三個原因，而且正如妳的報導所顯示的，對於一個曾由女性領導，且女性在社會經濟各領域都佔有一席之地的國家來說，這確實令人驚訝。

And these three reasons are first is the institutional design of the electoral system.

這三個原因分別是：第一，選舉制度的制度設計。

And I will come to that and explain why that is, that you have fewer numbers.

我會進一步說明，解釋為何候選人數量會比較少。

The second is basically how political parties look at women candidates and the possibilities of women being nominated by the parties.

第二，主要是政黨如何看待女性候選人，以及政黨提名女性的可能性。

And the third is the misogyny that exists in politics and the violence and harassment that women candidates face that basically discourages them from running.

第三，則是政治中存在的厭女文化，以及女性候選人面臨的暴力和騷擾，這些基本上會讓她們卻步而不敢參選。

Coming to the first point, which is about the electoral system and its design.

首先，我們來談談選舉制度及其設計。

So we know that parties were asked to nominate at least 5% of the potential candidates that be women.

我們知道，政黨被要求提名至少 5% 的潛在候選人為女性。

Now, there's no sanction for not meeting this threshold.

然而，如果未達此門檻，並沒有任何懲罰措施。

And none of the political parties, whether that's the center right Bangladesh Nationalist Party or, or Jama', at, which is the Islamist party or the new student led party, has met that threshold.

無論是中間偏右的孟加拉國民族主義黨，或是伊斯蘭政黨 Jamaat，又或是新的學生領導的政黨，都沒有達到這個門檻。

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孟加拉國大選史無前例！女性參選人數銳減 😱 | DW 新聞 (Bangladesh’s election sees historic drop in female candidates | DW News)

massive

prioritize

basically

structure