Name: 五千年來無人能做…直到現在！ (No-one built these for 5,000 years… until now.)
Uploaded: 2026-01-12T16:54:41.000Z
Duration: 6 min 4 s

Across Western Europe, if you know what to look for, you can find long barrows, bumps in the landscape, a few dozen metres long, built up of earth and stone or timber thousands of years ago.

在西歐各地，如果你知道要找什麼，就能找到長條形石墓，這些是地貌上的隆起，長幾十公尺，是由數千年前的土石或木材建造而成。

Some of them contain the bones of the dead, so they might have been tombs or churches or.

有些裡面有逝者的骨灰，所以它們可能是墓穴、教堂，或是。

They're prehistoric in the very literal sense.

它們是字面意義上的史前建築。

它們是在有文字記載之前就建造的。

So if you ask three archaeologists what long barrows were used for, you'll probably get four different opinions.

所以如果你問三位考古學家長條形石墓是用來做什麼的，你可能會得到四種不同的意見。

there's still tens of thousands of them across Europe, often hidden into the landscape.

歐洲各地仍然有數萬座，經常隱藏在地貌之中。

It was finished for the winter solstice of 2020.

In terms of physical construction, it was probably little more than 12 months.

實體建造的部分，大概只花了12個月左右。

My friend Tim Dore, who was the steward of Stonehenge for a long time, had the idea to revive longbarrows and built the first new one in Wiltshire on his farm.

我的朋友 Tim Dore，他曾長期擔任巨石陣的管理員，他有個想法想重現長條形石墓，並在威爾特郡的農場建造了第一座新的。

And then the stonemasons were looking for another farmer who wanted to host this kind of project.

然後石匠們在尋找另一位想舉辦這類計畫的農夫。

When I was a little boy, we used to have holidays in Anglesey, and

我小時候，我們會在安格爾西島度假，

some of the original barrows were the bottom of the beach that we were staying by.

而一些原始的石墓就在我們住宿的海灘底部。

So I knew exactly what it was instantly and how beautiful it would be.

所以我立刻就知道那是什麼，以及它會有多美。

This is one of a very small number of long barrows that have been constructed in this millennium.

這是這個千年來建造的長條形石墓中，數量非常少的一座。

And while there aren't bones inside, this is what's called a columbarium.

雖然裡面沒有骨頭，但這就是所謂的骨灰龕。

There are niches for the ashes of the dead.

這裡有為逝者骨灰準備的壁龕。

I've been told several times that I don't need to whisper in here, but

很多人告訴我，在這裡不需要低語，但

I was taught there should be respect dead by keeping quiet.

我被教導要尊重逝者，保持安靜。

但這個空間並不是要保持安靜的。

As a tomb, the main chamber here has been used as a theater.

作為一座墓，這裡的主室被用來當作劇院。

It's been used for celebrations of lives that have passed.

There is capacity for a hundred people in this main chamber, a hundred living people, that is.

這個主室可以容納一百個人，活生生的一百個人。

And someone had to calculate that the Neolithic one stood for five and a half thousand years, but

有人必須計算出，雖然新石器時代的（長條形石墓）存在了五千五百年，但是

they didn't have concrete and rebar and the fire exit, which, in order to satisfy insurers, is in this structure in a couple of places, just because the scale is what it is.

他們沒有混凝土、鋼筋和逃學生出口，為了符合保險公司的要求，這個結構有幾個地方設置了逃學生出口，這都是因為它的規模。

Everything had to be tested a lot in terms of engineering specifications to be completely happy that it would last a very long time.

所有東西在工程規格上都必須經過大量測試，才能完全確定它能長久保存。

Accessibility laws are very important on the original barrows.

無障礙法規對於原始的長條形石墓非常重要。

If you visit them, you'll have to crawl into them.

如果你們去參觀，你們得爬進去。

There'll be no lighting and it's a lovely experience and sort of high five with people thousands of years ago, but

沒有照明，這是一種很棒的體驗，彷彿跟幾千年前的人擊掌，但

這已經不是我們現在需要的地方了。

This place was constructed by stonemasons, and

這個地方是由石匠建造的，而且

while they had modern planning tools and computerized design, the stones were placed by hand.

雖然他們有現代的規劃工具和電腦設計，但石頭都是手工擺放的。

And yes, like a lot of prehistoric long barrows, the sun lines up with the entrance and exit on the summer solstice.

沒錯，就像很多史前長條形石墓一樣，太陽會在夏至時與入口和出口對齊。

So I think a lot of people assume that getting the alignments of a monument like this, or indeed Stonehenge, would involve complex calculations and sharp pencils and computing power.

所以我想很多人會認為，要對齊像這樣的紀念碑，或是巨石陣，需要複雜的計算、銳利的鉛筆和電腦運算能力。

But in fact, you can do it just as easily by getting up at the right time with some sticks.

但事實上，只要在對的時間帶著幾根木棍，就能輕鬆做到。

And as long as it's not cloudy, the shadows line up.

只要沒有陰天，影子就會對齊。

Humanity's invented a lot of things since history began, including capitalism.

自從歷史開始以來，人類發明瞭很多東西，包括資本主義。

It is not cheap to build and maintain a long barrow.

建造和維護長條形石墓可不便宜。

These niches will all fill up over time, but

這些壁龕都會隨著時間填滿，但是

just like in most columbariums around the world, they the ashes stored here will not be stored forever.

就像世界上大多數的骨灰龕一樣，這裡存放的逝者骨灰並不會永遠保存。

It's very difficult to talk about this sensitively without running the risk of hurting people.

要敏感地談論這件事而不冒犯到別人，其實非常困難。

But the company called Sacred Stones run the open days and handle purchasing of niches.

不過，Sacred Stones 這家公司負責舉辦開放日，並處理壁龕的購買事宜。

And I'm looking after the landscape and the farming.

而我則負責景觀和農場的管理。

It involves a lot of materials and a lot of skilled labour to do this.

這需要大量的材料和許多熟練的勞動力來完成。

In order that the monument can still be here, it needs to be looked after, which means people need to be caring about it in centuries to come.

為了讓這座紀念碑能長久留存，需要有人來照管，這意味著在未來的幾個世紀，人們仍需要關心它。

And under a system of capitalism, the people doing that work need to be paid.

而且在資本主義體系下，從事這些工作的人需要獲得報酬。

There is a commercial transaction that exists around when people sadly die.

當人們不幸離世時，就存在著一筆商業交易。

It's become very efficient, but it hasn't become very beautiful.

這變得非常有效率，但卻不夠美麗。

If we think about what happens at a contemporary crematorium, then you have quite a drive through experience timers on how long a ceremony can be.

如果我們想想現代火葬場的情景，你會發現有相當多的時間限制，決定了儀式能持續多久。

You can buy sort of mass produced manufactured urns and things.

你可以購買一些大量生產的罐子之類的物品。

And here people are commissioning artists locally to take, say, some of the clay from this landscape and then make an earn, or commissioning a stained glass artist or someone who carves wood to do fretwork.

而在這裡，人們會委託當地的藝術家，例如取用這片土地的一些黏土來製作骨灰罐，或是委託彩繪玻璃藝術家或木雕師來製作裝飾。

It could be one very small niche for a year, or it could be one very large niche for multiple members of one family for essentially a century.

可能是一個很小的壁龕，放一年，也可能是一個很大的壁龕，讓一個家庭的多位成員使用，基本上一個世紀。

The longest relationship that we can make, this 99 years.

我們能建立的最長關係，就是這九十九年。

Churchyard will not give you more than 99 years by law in the UK, they can extend and renew their relationship for another century if they want to, generation over generation.

在英國法律規定，墓園最多隻能提供九十九年的使用權，如果他們願意，可以為下一代再延長和續約一個世紀，世代傳承。

But if not, if the niche is wanted by someone else and a century has gone by, then the ashes are respectfully scattered around here.

但如果不行，如果壁龕被別人需要，一個世紀過去了，骨灰就會在這裡被恭敬地撒開。

You have to take the whole process extremely seriously, because the people who you're helping are quite vulnerable.

你必須非常認真地對待整個過程，因為你幫助的人非常脆弱。

It's quite a culturally sensitive project to revive something that was obviously sacred to another culture that we can't properly understand.

這是一個非常具有文化敏感性的計畫，要復興一個明顯對另一個我們無法真正理解的文化來說是神聖的東西。

As you'll see details in here that relate to different original barrows around the country.

你會在這裡看到與全國各地不同的原始長條形石墓相關的細節。

And I like to think that if a Neolithic farmer, and

我喜歡這樣想，如果一位新石器時代的農夫，

they are the first farmers, were to visit this, they might not necessarily think we got it right, but

他們是第一批農夫，來到這裡，他們不一定認為我們做對了，但

they would at least think that we were sympathetic and respectful.

他們至少會認為我們是同情和尊重的。

A long barrow, like any memorial, isn't built for the dead.

長條形石墓，就像任何紀念碑一樣，不是為死者建造的。

It's built for the living, to provide a focus point, a space to remember and to reflect.

它是為生者建造的，提供一個焦點，一個回憶和反思的空間。

And here, that's not just about the recently deceased.

而在這裡，這不僅僅是關於最近去世的人。

It's about those who were here millennia before.

是關於千年前就已經在這裡的人們。