Name: 7 個精神病學亞專科詳解 | 什麼是最適合你的方向？ (7 Psychiatry Subspecialties Explained | What’s the Best Path for You?)
Uploaded: 2025-10-24T18:09:35.000Z
Duration: 9 min 22 s

Are you aware of the many subspecialty paths you can take in psychiatry?

你知道精神科有很多次專科可以選擇嗎？

Dr. Jubbal medschoolinsiders.com There are five main ACGME recognized psychiatry subspecialties and even more specialized fellowships.

Dr. Jubbal medschoolinsiders.com 有五個主要的 ACGME 認證精神科次專科，還有更多專門的進修。

Let's go over the major subspecialties in psychiatry, including when the additional one to two years of training is necessary.

我們來看看精神科的主要次專科，以及額外一到兩年的訓練何時是必要的。

The first question to ask is whether or not it's worth pursuing additional fellowship training.

首先要問的問題是，是否值得追求額外的進修訓練。

簡短的回答是，嗯，這得看情況。

The demand for psychiatry subspecialty training varies depending on practice location and your career goals.

精神科次專科訓練的需求會因執業地點和你的職涯目標而異。

For example, a general psychiatrist in a rural setting may function as a child and adolescent psychiatrist out of necessity without needing additional training.

例如，在鄉村地區的一般精神科醫師，可能因為需要，就能像兒童及青少年精神科醫師一樣執業，而不需要額外的訓練。

However, specific jobs may require subspecialization in more urban settings where access to board certified child and adolescent psychiatrists is more concentrated.

然而，在都市地區，由於認證的兒童及青少年精神科醫師較為集中，某些特定的工作可能會要求次專科化。

You might choose to pursue a fellowship if it aligns with your clinical and academic interests, if it will prepare you for your chosen line of work, or if you're considering supplementing your income with additional opportunities, for example, working on a forensic unit while providing expert testimony on the side.

如果進修符合你的臨床與學術興趣、能為你所選工作領域做好準備，或者你考慮透過額外機會增加收入，例如在法醫精神科單位工作，同時提供專家證詞，那麼你可能會選擇進修。

This subspecialty focuses on the evaluation, diagnosis and treatment of patients who suffer from disorders related to addiction.

這個次專科專注於評估、診斷和治療患有成癮相關疾病的病人。

With society's increasing awareness of the many types of addiction, including substance abuse, as well as behavioral addictions including gambling, sex, Internet, food, and

隨著社會對物質濫用等各類成癮，以及賭博、性、網路、飲食等行為成癮，

other impulse control issues, the demand for this subspecialty area has grown exponentially.

以及其他衝動控制問題的認知不斷提高，這個次專科領域的需求呈指數級增長。

Fellows rotate in various settings and typically engage in scholarly projects.

進修醫師會在不同環境中輪調，並通常會參與學術專案。

Although residents could previously complete fellowship requirements during residency and have their addiction time grandfathered in, this is is no longer possible.

雖然住院醫師先前可以在住院期間完成進修要求，並將其成癮時間追溯納入，但現在已不可能。

Given increased federal and state advocacy efforts for addiction medicine, demand for this position is high and income potential is expected to grow.

鑑於聯邦和州政府在成癮醫學方面的倡導工作不斷增加，這個職位的需求很高，預計收入潛力也會增長。

This career path is well suited for psychiatrists who hope to work in dual diagnosis units, although many non fellow psychiatrists continue to work in these settings due to the demand for these services.

這條職涯道路非常適合希望在雙重診斷單位工作的精神科醫師，儘管許多非進修醫師由於對這些服務的需求，仍在這些地方工作。

Next is Forensic Psychiatry, which is related to criminology and explores the interaction between the medical and legal systems.

接下來是法醫精神科，這與犯罪學有關，探討醫學和法律系統之間的互動。

Officially recognized in 1992, this one year fellowship offers unique opportunities to serve in many different roles, including expert witness correction psychiatrist and inpatient work in forensic settings.

該進修課程於 1992 年正式認可，為期一年，提供獨特的機會，可在多個不同職位上服務，包括專家證人、矯正精神科醫師以及在法醫單位進行住院工作。

This presents a unique opportunity to receive funding from a source other than patients or insurance companies, as law firms hire several forensic psychiatrists to perform evaluations for clients.

這提供了一個獨特的機會，可以從病患或保險公司以外的來源獲得資金，因為律師事務所會聘請多位法醫精神科醫師為客戶進行評估。

It's not uncommon for forensic psychiatrists to work primarily in a public setting while maintaining a small forensic private practice on the side.

法醫精神科醫師不罕見的情況是，他們主要在公立機構工作，同時也兼顧少量的法醫私人執業。

If you are struggling to pick between a career in medicine or law, forensic psychiatry may be an ideal fit as you have the opportunity to work within both systems.

如果你在醫學或法律的職涯之間掙扎，法醫精神科可能是一個理想的選擇，因為你有機會在這兩個系統中工作。

It's not uncommon to struggle with choosing the ideal career path for you.

對於選擇最適合你的職涯道路感到掙扎，這並不罕見。

If you're interested in a career as a doctor, the Physicians at Med School Insiders can help.

如果你對成為一名醫生感興趣，Med School Insiders 的醫生們可以提供協助。

We offer one on one career guidance and medical school application support, as well as a number of courses designed to help you navigate the complex medical school admissions process.

我們提供一對一的職涯指導和醫學院申請支援，以及一系列旨在幫助你順利通過複雜醫學院錄取流程的課程。

請在下方的說明中瞭解更多資訊。

Next is Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Child and adolescent psychiatrists focus on youth mental health, helping young patients and their families navigate the complex landscape of childhood disorders.

接下來是兒童及青少年精神科。兒童及青少年精神科醫師專注於年輕人的心理健康，協助年輕病患及其家人應對複雜的兒童時期疾病。

is not at all limited to, major depressive disorders, behavioral disorders, eating disorders, speech therapy, obsessive compulsive disorder, and

並不限於，重度憂鬱症、行為障礙、飲食失調、語言治療、強迫症，以及

This fellowship is unique because it is two years long and can be started early after the third year of residency, which is which is also known as fast tracking.

這個進修課程很特別，為期兩年，可以在住院醫師第三年後就開始，這也被稱為加速訓練。

Additionally, several programs offer a child and adolescent track for residency applicants interested in child and adolescent psychiatry.

此外，有幾個計畫提供兒童及青少年科的軌道，給對兒童及青少年精神科感興趣的住院醫師申請者。

These unique tracks often include six months of pediatrics instead of internal medicine training during the intern year and a guaranteed acceptance into their child and adolescent program.

這些獨特的軌道通常包含在第一年住院醫師訓練時，有六個月的小兒科訓練，而非內科訓練，並且保證能進入他們的兒童及青少年計畫。

Psychiatrists with this additional training can see patients of all ages, which is a bonus to various clinical settings, including emergency departments and outpatient settings.

接受過這額外訓練的精神科醫師可以看所有年齡層的病患，這對各種臨床場域都是一大優勢，包括急診室和門診。

There are also pediatric specific settings, including crisis stabilization units, pediatric behavioral inpatient units, and partial hospitalization programs.

也有專門針對兒童的場域，包括危機穩定單位、兒童行為住院單位，以及日間住院計畫。

Many child and adolescent psychiatrists tend to lean more on psychotherapy skills since there are relatively fewer FDA approved medications for this age range.

許多兒童及青少年精神科醫師傾向於多運用心理治療技巧，因為這個年齡層的FDA核准藥物相對較少。

From a lifestyle perspective, many consider this psychiatry fellowship to be the most lucrative, especially if it starts immediately after PGY3.

從生活方式的角度來看，許多人認為這個精神科進修課程是最賺錢的，尤其是在PGY3之後就開始的話。

Next, we have Geriatric Psychiatry, which is focused on the study, prevention, diagnosis, and

接下來是老年精神科，專注於老年人發生的精神疾病和認知障礙的研究、預防、診斷和

treatment of mental disorders and cognitive impairments that occur in elderly people.

As populations age, the demand for geriatric psychiatrists continues to grow.

隨著人口老化，對老年精神科醫師的需求持續成長。

Many psychiatrists who pursue this additional year of fellowship have an interest in research on aging, including the cognitive and emotional aspects as well as pharmaceuticals.

許多選擇進修這一年研究的醫師，對老化相關研究有興趣，包括認知與情緒層面以及藥物。

Like other psychiatrists, geriatric psychiatrists work in various settings, including outpatient memory care, nursing homes, and behavioral units.

跟其他精神科醫師一樣，老年精神科醫師也在各種場域工作，包括日間記憶照護、護理之家和行為單位。

Similar to child and adolescent psychiatrists, the practice location is essential to consider when pursuing this subspecialty, as general psychiatrists are often trained to practice this role.

跟兒童及青少年精神科醫師一樣，在追求這個次專科時，執業地點非常重要，因為一般精神科醫師通常會被訓練來執行這項任務。

Due to the relative scarcity of geriatric psychiatrists in some areas.

由於某些地區老年精神科醫師相對稀少。

Next is Consult Liaison Psychiatry, also known as cl, which focuses on the treatment of patients with comorbid psychiatric and general chronic medical conditions.

接下來是諮商連結精神科，也稱為 CL，專注於治療同時患有精神疾病和一般慢性疾病的病人。

Comorbid means the existence of additional conditions for a given patient.

共病（Comorbid）是指特定病人同時存在其他疾病。

Prior to 2004, consult Liaison Psychiatry was known as psychosomatic medicine, these psychiatrists bridged the gap between mental and physical health within medical settings.

在 2004 年之前，諮商連結精神科稱為身心醫學，這些精神科醫師在醫療場域中扮演了連結心理與生理健康的橋樑。

The term liaison refers to the comprehensive approach these subspecialists offer to help patients, their families, and

「連結」（Liaison）一詞指的是這些次專科醫師為協助病人、家屬以及

跨領域醫療團隊所提供的全面性方法。

This subspecialty is well suited for psychiatrists who enjoy working collaboratively on complex medical cases alongside other physicians in internal medicine, surgery, and

這個次專科很適合那些喜歡和內科、外科及其他專科醫師一起合作處理複雜醫療病例的精神科醫師。

CL psychiatry has several focus areas including psycho oncology, perinatal psychiatry, addiction medicine, and pain management.

CL 精神科有幾個重點領域，包括心理腫瘤學、圍產期精神醫學、成癮醫學和疼痛管理。

On the lifestyle side, many enjoy the flexibility of seeing these patients on a specialized outpatient panel while following their patient's care throughout a hospital admission.

在生活方式方面，許多人喜歡在專門的門診看診，同時在病人住院期間追蹤他們的照護情況，享受這種彈性。

While many hospitals hire psychiatrists without formal CL training due to the intensive inpatient experiences of most residency training programs, this one year subspecialty training is helpful for those who hope to practice in academic settings.

雖然許多醫院會聘用沒有正式 CL 訓練的精神科醫師，因為大多數住院訓練計畫都有密集的住院經驗，但這一年次的次專科訓練對那些希望在學術環境執業的人很有幫助。

Next, there are some psychiatry adjacent subspecialties we should cover, including brain injury, hospice and palliative care, and

接下來，還有一些精神科相關的次專科我們應該介紹，包括腦損傷、安寧緩和照護，以及

While these are not traditional psychiatry subspecialties, they're worth pointing out as relevant options after completing psychiatry residency.

雖然這些不是傳統的精神科次專科，但值得提出來，作為完成精神科住院醫師訓練後的相關選項。

These are ACGME Board certified subspecialties that psychiatrists can pursue even though they are not considered the traditional subspecialties of psychiatry.

這些是 ACGME 認證的次專科，精神科醫師可以追求，儘管它們不被認為是傳統的精神科次專科。

It's also important to point out that they tend to overlap with neurology and adult medicine so they can be pursued by other specialists.

也要特別指出，這些次專科常與神經學和成人醫學有重疊，所以其他專科醫師也可以追求。

All three options offer a reasonable lifestyle with minimal call burden, if any.

這三個選項都提供不錯的生活品質，而且值班負擔很輕，甚至沒有。

Sleep medicine offers a unique opportunity to invest in or own a sleep study center, which is an excellent opportunity for entrepreneurship as well as passive income.

睡眠醫學提供了一個獨特的機會，可以投資或開設自己的睡眠檢查中心，這對於創業和被動收入來說都是絕佳的機會。

While these subspecialties are not typically required in the core curriculum for psychiatry residency, they are worth exploring during elective time as medical students or residents to determine if they are a good fit for you.

雖然這些次專科通常不是精神科住院醫師訓練的核心課程，但身為醫學生或住院醫師，在選修時間探索這些領域是值得的，可以看看是否適合你。

The last group includes all of the research and specialized fellowships that the ACGME does not formally recognize.

最後一類包含了所有 ACGME 未正式認證的研究和專門進修項目。

This list is theoretically endless since the academic study of the mind, emotions, and behavior is so broad.

理論上，這個列表是無止盡的，因為心靈、情緒和行為的學術研究範圍非常廣泛。

Still, this group typically includes psychodynamic and psychoanalytic medicine, hospital administration, perinatal mental health, emergency medicine, and

不過，這個類別通常包括精神動力學和精神分析醫學、醫院行政管理、圍產期心理健康、急診醫學，以及

postdoctoral work in seemingly endless areas.

在看似無止盡領域的博士後研究。

Due to their less standardized nature, these programs tend to come in many varieties and can be flexibly designed for physicians who are working full time.

由於這些項目的標準化程度較低，它們通常有多種形式，並且可以靈活設計給全職工作的醫師。

Some can even be completed during the elective friendly fourth year of psychiatry residency.

有些甚至可以在精神科住院醫師訓練友善的第四年完成。

Like the psychiatry adjacent fellowships, they're worth exploring during elective time to determine if they're right for you.

就像精神科相關的進修項目一樣，在選修時間探索這些領域是值得的，以確定它們是否適合你。

Whether driven by passion or pragmatism, each pathway offers its unique blend of challenges and rewards from the intimacy of a psychodynamic therapy session in private practice to the rigorous attention to detail of expert witness testimony.

不論是出於熱情或務實考量，每條路徑都提供獨特的挑戰與回報，從個人執業中動力心理治療的親密感，到法醫精神科單位專家證詞的嚴謹細節。

The possibilities for a career in psychiatry are endless.

精神科的職涯發展可能性是無限的。

Our insiders are equipped to help you navigate the nuances within a career in psychiatry to help you clarify your career goals, navigate your options, and

我們的內部人士能協助你釐清職涯目標、導覽你的選擇，並

ultimately succeed in both gaining admission to medical school and matching into the residency and fellowship program that's right for you.

最終成功進入醫學院，以及配對到適合你的住院醫師和進修計畫。

Learn more about our tailored one on one advising and tutoring services@medschoolinsiders.com check out our so youo Want to Be series right up here to learn more about every other doctor specialty.

想了解更多關於我們一對一的量身訂做諮詢與輔導服務，請到medschoolinsiders.com，並觀看我們「想成為」系列影片，瞭解其他醫師的專科。