Name: 當宗教變壞並造成傷害時 (When Religions Go Bad And Cause Harm)
Uploaded: 2025-09-29T21:32:34.000Z
Duration: 39 min 53 s

Hi, it's Britt Hartley here at No-Nonsense Spirituality, and today I'm going to do

大家好，我是布里特-哈特利（Britt Hartley），今天我要在 "沒有廢話的靈性"（No-Nonsense Spirituality）上做的是

When Religions Go Bad, and I want to start out with this article, I'm pointing as if

當宗教走向衰亡時，我想從這篇文章開始，我的觀點似乎是

I'm going to put an article here, hopefully I remembered to do that, that shows that one out of three Buddhist monks tested positive for meth, and this was like in a particular temple and they were disrobed and it was a whole thing.

我打算在這裡放一篇文章，希望我記得這麼做，文章顯示，每三名佛教僧侶中就有一人的安非他命檢測呈陽性，這就像在一個特定的寺廟裡，他們被脫光衣服，這是一個整體。

And the reason that I want to start here is because in the West we sometimes have this romanticized version of Buddhism that there's never like Buddhist drug or prostitution rings or large scale violence when that's just not true.

我之所以想從這裡說起，是因為在西方，我們有時會把佛教浪漫化，認為佛教中從來沒有毒品或賣淫集團，也沒有大規模的暴力行為，但事實並非如此。

And it brought up the question then that got a lot of heat on social media, that if we assume for a second that human beings suck, and if we assume then that humans are going to do religion the wrong way or poorly, or they're going to use it in ways to just like support their ego and their power and their identity instead of like the true mystic heart of the religion.

這個問題在社交媒體上引起了熱議，如果我們假設人類很糟糕，如果我們假設人類會用錯誤的方式或糟糕的方式來對待宗教，或者他們會用宗教來支持他們的自我、權力和身份，而不是宗教真正神祕的核心。

If we really think about it, about that, which religions are going to do the worst when humans do what they do.

如果我們真的想一想，當人類做出這樣的事情時，哪個宗教會做得最糟糕？

And so all religions, I think, even as an atheist, have something beautiful in them.

是以，我認為，即使作為一個無神論者，所有宗教都有其美麗之處。

And I think there are bad people in general that claim to be whatever religion.

我認為，一般來說，自稱信奉任何宗教的人都是壞人。

I also think there's mentally ill people that have been under the umbrella of one religion or another.

我還認為，有一些精神病患者一直受到這種或那種宗教的保護。

But what I want to focus on is the differences between when religions are misused because they get misused in different ways based on certain aspects of the religion.

但我想重點談談宗教被濫用時的不同之處，因為基於宗教的某些方面，它們被濫用的方式也不盡相同。

And so then I want to rank the religions just to piss everyone off in order of when this religion is done poorly.

是以，為了激怒大家，我想給宗教排個序，看看這個宗教什麼時候做得不好。

It doesn't mean that it's not true, it doesn't mean that it's not beautiful, but when it is done poorly, when it goes wrong, because people will say, oh, that person's not a real

這並不意味著它不真實，並不意味著它不美麗，但當它做得不好，當它出了問題，因為人們會說，哦，那個人不是一個真正的

Muslim or real Buddhist or whatever, but when it gets wrong, what does it look like?

穆斯林或真正的佛教徒或其他什麼，但當它出錯時，它看起來像什麼？

Because religions have differences and so how they behave badly differs too.

因為宗教有差異，所以他們的不良行為方式也不盡相同。

And so something that I always get in the comment section is, oh, that person's not a real Christian, they just got it wrong.

是以，我總是在評論區聽到這樣的話：哦，那個人不是真正的基督徒，他們只是搞錯了。

And when we take that thought further, we have to consider what do different religions do when people do get it wrong because humans do that.

當我們進一步思考這個問題時，我們必須考慮當人們確實弄錯時，不同的宗教會怎麼做，因為人類就是這樣。

So let's explore what are the characteristics for the religions that cause more harm when you're not going to be doing the most beautiful aspects of the religion.

是以，讓我們來探討一下，當你不去做宗教中最美好的事情時，會造成更大傷害的宗教有哪些特徵。

And the first one is going to be your exclusivity to truth.

So religions like Christianity and Islam specifically claim exclusive access to ultimate truth and salvation.

是以，像基督教和伊斯蘭教這樣的宗教特別宣稱自己獨享終極真理和救贖。

They are meant for all humanity, not just one tribe, not just one region.

它們面向的是全人類，而不僅僅是一個部落、一個地區。

And so when done wrong, that becomes the fuel for conquest and colonization and coercion.

是以，一旦做錯了，就會成為征服、殖民和脅迫的燃料。

Even though there's scriptures that warn against this, right?

儘管有經文警告不要這樣做，對嗎？

It doesn't matter because there's also the claim that this is the only way to God.

這並不重要，因為還有一種說法是，這是通往上帝的唯一途徑。

So in Christianity, the great commission, make a disciple of all the nations can become justification for forced conversion as in the Spanish missions and in the Americas.

是以，在基督教中，"使萬民作我的門徒 "這一偉大使命可以成為強迫皈依的理由，就像在西班牙傳教團和美洲一樣。

And Islam, the idea that submission to God is the natural state of all humanity has sometimes been used to sanctify imperial expansion.

伊斯蘭教認為，臣服於真主是全人類的自然狀態，這種思想有時被用來為帝國擴張披上神聖的外衣。

現在，並非所有宗教都這樣做。

Some religions say this is the God for us.

有些宗教說，這就是我們的上帝。

Like Judaism is very much about this, like this is our God and we are his covenant people, but there's less focus on proselytizing.

猶太教非常注重這一點，比如這是我們的上帝，我們是與他立約的子民，但卻不太注重改宗。

And so the idea that Judaism is supposed to take over the whole world and that everyone should be Jewish, even at the point of the sword, is not seen as often as in Christianity and Islam.

是以，"猶太教應該統治整個世界，每個人都應該成為猶太人，甚至不惜用劍 "的觀點，在基督教和伊斯蘭教中並不常見。

So as problematic as Judaism can be, which we are seeing in real time, it tends to be focused around the center of where Jews are and not crusades and jihads into every corner of the world.

是以，儘管猶太教可能存在問題，我們也能實時看到，但問題往往集中在猶太人所在的中心地帶，而不是世界各個角落的十字軍和聖戰。

Shintoism, indigenous religions, they don't have a sense of this is the only way for everyone.

神道教、本土宗教，他們並沒有 "這是所有人的唯一途徑 "的意識。

So a religion that does say this is the truth for everyone and your eternal destiny depends upon it becomes more dangerous in the wrong hands than a religion that doesn't have that tradition.

是以，一個說這是每個人的真理、你的永恆命運取決於它的宗教，如果落入壞人之手，就會比一個沒有這種傳統的宗教更加危險。

It's even more dangerous when the religion doesn't update.

如果宗教不更新，那就更危險了。

So for Islam, the fact that the Quran is the final word and in Christianity when people use revelations to say God is done talking to us, nothing more is going to be added to this.

是以，對於伊斯蘭教來說，《古蘭經》是最終的話語，而在基督教中，當人們用啟示來表示上帝已經與我們談話完畢時，就不會再有任何補充了。

It means that there's not built in aspects for doctrines to adjust over time and modernize.

這意味著教義沒有隨著時間的推移進行調整和現代化的內在因素。

So the fundamentalism is always going to be there whenever that religion feels threatened.

是以，只要宗教感到受到威脅，原教旨主義就會一直存在。

So the next aspect that we're looking at for when religions go bad is cosmic high stakes.

是以，當宗教變質時，我們要關注的下一個方面就是宇宙的高風險。

So the higher the metaphysical stakes, the greater the potential harm.

是以，形而上學的賭注越大，潛在的危害就越大。

So religions with eternal heaven, hell frameworks create a situation where violence can be justified in the name of saving their soul.

是以，擁有永恆天堂、地獄框架的宗教會創造出一種以拯救靈魂為名的暴力情境。

So in the inquisition, the Christians tortured heretics not because they posed a political threat but because their souls were at risk and if their souls were at risk, then all of our souls are at risk.

是以，在宗教裁判所中，基督徒折磨異教徒並不是因為他們構成了政治威脅，而是因為他們的靈魂處於危險之中，如果他們的靈魂處於危險之中，那麼我們所有人的靈魂都處於危險之中。

I did a video on TikTok yesterday where we, or last week, where I went into Alex O'Connor's thought experiment that he did with a Christian apologist where he said, if you are, you know, you're Christian today, but if you wake up tomorrow and you are, you time traveled and you're a Canaanite and you have a wife and a family, but you know, because you know the

我昨天在 TikTok 上做了一個視頻，我們，或者說上週，我做了一個亞歷克斯-奧康納（Alex O'Connor）的思想實驗，他與一位基督教辯護士一起做了一個實驗，他說，如果你今天是基督徒，但如果你明天醒來，你是，你穿越了時空，你是一個迦南人，你有妻子和家庭，但你知道，因為你知道，你是基督徒。

Bible that the Israelites are coming and that it is God's will that you and your people and your wife and your animals are all slaughtered in a genocide.

聖經》說以色列人來了，上帝的旨意是要在一場種族滅絕中屠殺你和你的人民、你的妻子和你的牲畜。

And so of course what apologetics will do is like make this Rube Goldberg machine out of it.

當然，辯解學所要做的就是把它變成一臺魯比金堡機器。

But what it forces people to try is to try to consider divine violence from the other side.

但它迫使人們嘗試從另一面考慮神聖的暴力。

Because when Christians read the Bible, they read themselves as the good guys with God on their side.

因為當基督徒閱讀《聖經》時，他們會把自己讀成上帝站在他們一邊的好人。

And the response that I got the most when I was reading through the comments, this one went quite viral, was that the Canaanites were bad, right?

在閱讀評論時，我得到最多的迴應是 "迦南人很壞"，對不對？

They were doing child sacrifice or whatever.

And so it was actually mercy to slaughter the children because it saved them from going to hell, which is like, okay, if it's mercy to slaughter children because they automatically go to heaven, then why not just kill all the children?

是以，屠殺兒童實際上是一種仁慈，因為這可以讓他們免於下地獄，這就好比，好吧，如果屠殺兒童是一種仁慈，因為他們會自動上天堂，那為什麼不乾脆殺光所有的兒童呢？

Also then why would you be against abortion?

That's an instant one way ticket for that kid to go to heaven.

這對那孩子來說，簡直就是一張上天堂的單程票。

And why would you need a God or like, why would a God need a human when he can send any kind of disease or a flood or whatever the hell he wants to do, but he needs a human to rip a child from a mother's breast and slaughter it.

你為什麼需要上帝，或者說，上帝為什麼需要人類，因為他可以降下任何疾病或洪水，或者任何他想降下的東西，但他需要人類把孩子從母親的乳房裡扯出來屠殺。

That's the right thing to do because God says so.

這樣做是對的，因為上帝是這樣說的。

And this is the kind of perverse logic you see when the stakes for heaven and hell outweighs the stakes of this life.

當天堂和地獄的利害關係大於今生的利害關係時，你就會看到這種反常的邏輯。

Like in this life, you ripped a baby from a mom and you slaughtered it, right?

就像這輩子，你從母親身邊搶走了一個嬰兒，然後屠殺了他，對嗎？

But if the high stakes are in this heaven and hell thing, it does weird things for your capacity for logic and can cause damage.

但是，如果在天堂和地獄這件事上賭注很大，就會對你的邏輯能力產生奇怪的影響，並可能造成傷害。

And jihadist groups, you know, claim martyrdom, which ensures paradise.

你知道，聖戰組織聲稱殉教可以確保獲得天堂。

And that makes violence not only permissible, but also sacred.

這使得暴力不僅是允許的，而且是神聖的。

When you compare that to religions like Taoism, where the cosmic stakes are low, just like align with the Tao and you'll live in harmony.

與道教等宗教相比，這些宗教的宇宙賭注很低，只要與 "道 "保持一致，就能和諧相處。

If not, you'll be out of harmony and it becomes like fortune telling and superstitious.

否則，就會失去和諧，變得像算命一樣迷信。

But it doesn't become like wide scale violence.

So the next aspect that makes religions go wrong is centralized authority and hierarchy.

是以，宗教出錯的下一個方面就是中央集權和等級制度。

When a religion has a hierarchical structure, popes, caliphs, prophets, centralized councils, abuse can cascade from the top down.

當一個宗教擁有等級結構、教皇、哈里發、先知、中央理事會時，濫用權力的現象就會自上而下層出不窮。

Anytime that a leader can claim divine authority or especially when only men can teach to men and women, but women can never teach to women and men that can mobilize entire populations.

任何時候，只要領導者可以宣稱自己擁有神聖的權威，尤其是隻有男人可以向男人和女人傳授知識，而女人卻永遠不能向女人和男人傳授知識，這樣就可以動員所有的人。

So not all which is, or sorry, not all religions do this.

所以，不是所有的宗教都會這樣做，或者對不起，不是所有的宗教都會這樣做。

Like witchy forms of spirituality focus on your inner lights.

就像巫術形式的精神信仰一樣，關注你的內心之光。

And so they're just less prone to large scale harm because it's more self-focused.

是以，他們不容易造成大規模傷害，因為他們更注重自我。

Another aspect for my made up rubric is how easily does the religion align with fascism?

我編造的標準的另一個方面是，宗教與法西斯主義有多容易一致？

And so that is something that is really a concern.

是以，這確實是一個令人擔憂的問題。

How easily, they all can be, but how easily can it fuse with state power and be used to justify authoritarianism?

但它與國家權力的融合以及被用來為專制主義辯護又談何容易？

So religions that emphasize obedience, purity, divine sanction for rulers, lend themselves to becoming political weapons more easily.

是以，那些強調服從、純潔、神對統治者的認可的宗教更容易成為政治武器。

So this would be Christianity, Islam, and Hinduism that have all been fused with nationalism in ways that legitimize violence and hierarchy.

是以，基督教、伊斯蘭教和印度教都與民族主義相融合，使暴力和等級制度合法化。

Now Buddhism, which does end up in ethno nationalism in Myanmar or Sri Lanka, and it is deadly, yes, but that's more tied to local politics than the universal conquest.

現在的佛教，在緬甸或斯里蘭卡確實會導致民族主義，而且它是致命的，是的，但這更多地是與當地政治聯繫在一起，而不是普遍征服。

We haven't seen a Buddhism movement that tried to take over the world in ways that Islam and Christianity did.

我們還沒有看到佛教運動像伊斯蘭教和基督教那樣試圖佔領世界。

And then the last aspect that we're working with is a treatment of, or maybe I have a couple more.

最後一個方面，我們正在研究如何處理，或許我還有其他一些方法。

The last aspect that I want to think about is treatment of outsiders, in group versus out group.

我想談的最後一個方面是對待外來者的問題，組內與組外的問題。

Now I'm not saying that there aren't scriptures in these religions that have the golden rule.

我並不是說這些宗教中沒有金科玉律的經文。

Almost all religions have some aspect of the golden rule, but some do more to continually remind you to have compassion for all.

幾乎所有的宗教都有金科玉律的某些方面，但有些宗教更多的是不斷提醒你要同情所有人。

So strong boundary religions like Orthodox Judaism, Islam, Christianity will treat outsiders as lost or enemies or spiritually inferior, and that can justify persecution and exclusion or even violence.

是以，像正統猶太教、伊斯蘭教、基督教這樣強大的邊界宗教會把外來者視為迷失者、敵人或精神劣等者，這就為迫害和排斥甚至暴力提供了理由。

Universalist religions like Baha'i or UU may emphasize compassion for all, though in practice nationalism and sectarianism can always creep in.

巴哈伊教或統一世界主義等普世宗教可能會強調對所有人的同情，但在實踐中，民族主義和宗派主義總是會悄然出現。

I just had a debate with Rainn Wilson, who is a Baha'i, over gender and LGBT issues that hopefully I'll be posting soon, where even with universalist religions like Baha'i, there's still gender inequality.

我剛剛與身為巴哈教徒的雷恩-威爾遜（Rainn Wilson）就性別和男女同志、雙性戀和變性者（LGBT）問題進行了一場辯論，希望我很快就能將辯論內容發佈出來。

There's still not women at the top of the council.

And there's also LGBT issues because marriage is between a man and a woman.

還有男女同志、雙性戀和變性者問題，因為婚姻是一男一女之間的事。

And so even then, there's still going to be problems.

Another aspect I think is worth talking about is how adaptable it is to science and modern knowledge.

我認為值得一談的另一個方面是它對科學和現代知識的適應性。

So religions that can reinterpret themselves in light of new knowledge do less harm in the long term.

是以，能夠根據新知識重新詮釋自身的宗教從長遠來看危害較小。

And so Christianity is like most violent centuries were also the ones where it resisted science the hardest.

是以，基督教就像大多數暴力世紀一樣，也是對科學抵制最強烈的世紀。

And Islam had a golden age where it flourished with science, where science and faith weren't enemies.

伊斯蘭教曾有過與科學共同繁榮的黃金時代，科學與信仰並不是敵人。

But today, fundamentalist strands oppose biology and secular education.

但如今，原教旨主義者反對生物學和世俗教育。

And so the problem is when it's threatened, Islam can always go back to the seventh century as if the golden age never existed.

是以，問題在於，當伊斯蘭教受到威脅時，它總能回到七世紀，就好像黃金時代從未存在過一樣。

So it doesn't, even though it had a golden age, it doesn't continue moving forward.

是以，即使它曾有過黃金時代，也不會繼續向前發展。

It really used to be the center of science in the whole world, but it didn't continue to modernize.

它確實曾是全世界的科學中心，但卻沒有繼續現代化。

And one of the reasons that it's having a hard time doing so is because the Quran is the word of God directly.

而它難以做到這一點的原因之一，就是因為《古蘭經》是真主的直接話語。

So it doesn't move or shift or update as easily to the 21st century.

是以，它不容易移動、轉移或更新到 21 世紀。

By contrast, Taoism and Shintoism in Japan can fold scientific discoveries into their worldview without a lot of existential panic, without them feeling threatened.

相比之下，日本的道教和神道教可以將科學發現納入自己的世界觀，而不會產生生存恐慌，也不會感到威脅。

字幕列表影片播放

當宗教變壞並造成傷害時 (When Religions Go Bad And Cause Harm)

essentially

aspect

expression

practice