Name: 在德國，外國人為何成為犯罪的頭條新聞 | DW News (Why foreigners make bigger crime headlines in Germany | DW News)
Uploaded: 2025-06-17T17:38:39.000Z
Duration: 7 min 38 s

Are foreigners in Germany committing violent crimes more often than natives?

在德國的外國人是否比本地人更經常犯下暴力罪行？

If you look at Germany's media coverage, you'd very much think so.

如果你看看德國媒體的報道，你就會非常認同這一點。

But statistics prove that's not the case.

但統計數據證明事實並非如此。

So there's a distortion in journalism very much focusing on non-German perpetrators.

是以，新聞報道在很大程度上扭曲了對非德國肇事者的報道。

Two recent deadly attacks in southern Germany are a good example of this.

最近在德國南部發生的兩起致命襲擊就是一個很好的例子。

在慕尼黑，一名男子駕車衝入人群。

Another man drove into a crowd in Mannheim.

另一名男子在曼海姆駕車衝入人群。

Two almost identical crimes that received very different public attention.

兩起幾乎相同的犯罪，卻受到了公眾截然不同的關注。

That's because the Mannheim perpetrator was a native German and the Munich attack was committed by an Afghan immigrant.

這是因為曼海姆案的凶手是德國本地人，而慕尼黑襲擊案的凶手是一名阿富汗移民。

The public attention was more or less double as high with a foreigner committing actually pretty much the same crime as happened by a German in Mannheim.

一個外國人犯下了與德國人在曼海姆犯下的罪行幾乎相同的罪行，公眾的關注度或多或少要高出一倍。

If you look at police statistics of violent crimes for the year 2023, you can see that Germans were more than twice as likely to be a suspect than foreigners.

如果您查看警方對 2023 年暴力犯罪的統計數據，就會發現德國人成為犯罪嫌疑人的可能性是外國人的兩倍多。

But that's not how it was portrayed in the media at all.

German TV stations reported five times more often on violent crimes when the suspect was a foreigner than when the suspect was a German native.

德國電視臺在報道暴力犯罪時，犯罪嫌疑人為外國人的頻率是犯罪嫌疑人為德國本地人的五倍。

And it was the same story in German print media.

德國的印刷媒體也是這樣報道的。

If it is a German, nobody really cares more than maybe at the day of the violent act happened.

如果是德國人，也許在暴力行為發生的當天，沒有人會真正關心。

But if it's a foreigner, then there are right-wing parties who go into the media and say this only happened because we have immigration.

但如果是外國人，就會有右翼政黨在媒體上說，這只是因為我們有移民。

So the story of immigrant perpetrators is much bigger as it seems because it's always a political matter.

是以，移民犯罪者的故事遠比想象的要大，因為這始終是一個政治問題。

This can be seen in the media coverage after the Munich attack, which immediately focused on the nationality of the suspect.

這可以從慕尼黑襲擊事件發生後的媒體報道中看出來，媒體立即將重點放在了嫌疑人的國籍上。

His name, whether he was radicalized, had an Islamist motive and what that means for Germany's refugee policy.

他的名字，他是否激進，是否有伊斯蘭教動機，以及這對德國的難民政策意味著什麼。

Whereas in Mannheim, where the same happened, it was just like maybe an accident, maybe a matter of psychological problems.

而在曼海姆，同樣的事情也發生過，那就像是一場意外，也許是心理問題。

So are there any rules that govern whether or when journalists are allowed to identify suspects?

那麼，是否有任何規則規定記者是否或何時可以指認嫌疑人？

Yes, the German Press Council has compiled a non-binding media codex with journalistic ethical principles that German news media have promised to adhere to.

是的，德國新聞理事會編制了一份不具約束力的媒體法典，其中包含德國新聞媒體承諾遵守的新聞道德原則。

Part of this codex is the so-called discrimination clause, according to which media should not name the background of a suspect.

該法典的一部分是所謂的歧視條款，根據該條款，媒體不得透露嫌疑人的背景。

For example, when a crime was so horrific that there is a huge interest in the biography of the suspect, a policy that some have criticized.

例如，當犯罪如此駭人聽聞，以至於人們對嫌疑人的傳記產生了濃厚的興趣時，一些人對這一政策提出了責備。

The thing is that research and statistics show that nationality is no explanation for crime.

問題是，研究和統計數據表明，國籍並不能解釋犯罪。

What is an explanation, though, is age, gender and sociological reasons.

不過，年齡、性別和社會學方面的原因倒是可以解釋的。

Yet, German media often mention the nationality of suspects rather than other factors when horrific, violent crimes are committed, especially when the suspects are not German.

然而，當發生駭人聽聞的暴力犯罪時，尤其是當犯罪嫌疑人不是德國人時，德國媒體經常提及犯罪嫌疑人的國籍，而不是其他因素。

Reporting on crime has a lot to do with emotion.

And this has to do with polarization, the very good victim and the very bad perpetrator.

這與兩極分化、好的受害者和壞的肇事者有關。

And this leads to portraying perpetrators as the rather foreigner.

這就導致將肇事者描繪成外國人。

When media construct an image of migrants as deviant and criminal, this shapes public views.

當媒體將移民塑造成離經叛道和犯罪分子的形象時，公眾的看法也會隨之改變。

So, what can the media do to not fall prey to disproportionate reporting on minority suspects and stigmatizing migrants?

那麼，媒體該如何做才能避免對少數族裔嫌疑人的過度報道和對移民的汙名化呢？

Well, a first step is of course questioning whether we really need to report on a crime at all.

那麼，第一步當然是質疑我們是否真的需要報告犯罪。

One solution is a consistent approach to mentioning So that, for instance, media say, okay, we know that many people are interested in the origin, the nationality of the perpetrators, so we inform about it, but we do it in every case.

解決辦法之一是以一致的方式提及，例如，媒體可以說，好吧，我們知道很多人對犯罪者的原籍和國籍感興趣，所以我們通報一下，但我們在每個案件中都這樣做。

The experts we talk to say that the problem is not just that crime reporting focuses too much on migrants, it's also that there are too little positive empowering stories on migrant life in Germany.

我們採訪的專家表示，問題不僅在於犯罪報道過於關注移民，還在於有關移民在德國生活的正面報道太少。

Their clicks and attention help decide which stories are being covered.

他們的點擊率和關注度有助於決定報道哪些新聞。

Journalists, in turn, have the responsibility to take a moment, pause, reflect, question the perceived truth, and fact-check press releases, political statements, and statistics more thoroughly, even when they're increasingly under time pressure from deadlines or because of market competition, according to the experts we talk to.

反過來，記者們也有責任靜下心來，暫停、反思、質疑所感知的真相，並對新聞稿、政治聲明和統計數據進行更徹底的事實核查，即使他們越來越多地受到截稿日期或市場競爭的時間壓力。

We have a lot of reports in Germany about violent crimes committed with knives.

在德國，我們有很多關於持刀暴力犯罪的報道。

And it seems as if only immigrants commit violent crimes with knives.

而且，似乎只有移民才會使用刀具進行暴力犯罪。

The surprising information is that more Germans without a migration background carry knives than immigrants do.

令人驚訝的是，與移民相比，更多沒有移民背景的德國人攜帶刀具。

But this is just questioning the obvious and finding out how it really is.

但這只是對顯而易見的事實提出質疑，並找出事實的真相。

What could help with looking at them more in detail is having more perspectives in newsrooms.

新聞編輯室裡有更多的視角，有助於更詳細地研究這些問題。

And this, in turn, will also create more trust in the media.

反過來，這也會增加人們對媒體的信任。

This is of course not solely a German issue.

當然，這不僅僅是德國的問題。

So, how is the media reporting on crime in your country?

那麼，貴國的媒體是如何報道犯罪的？