Name: 【TED】伊安佛斯: 橋樑應該要很美觀 (Bridges should be beautiful | Ian Firth)
Uploaded: 2018-07-18T22:40:32.000Z
Duration: 14 min 2 s

譯者: Lilian Chiu 審譯者: Yanyan Hong

Have you ever thought about what it would be like not to have any?

It's hard to imagine a civilization without bridges

你可曾想過，沒有橋樑的 世界會是什麼樣子？

for growth and development of human society,

but they're not just about a safe way across a river or an obstacle.

人類社會的成長和發展相當重要，

但它們的功能不只是讓人 安全越過河流或是障礙物。

there are over one billion people living in poor, rural communities

全世界仍然有 超過十億人居住在貧窮、

to the things that you and I take for granted:

education, medical care, access to markets ...

取得使用你我視為 理所當然的東西：

which is why wonderful organizations like Bridges to Prosperity

教育、醫療照護、 到市場的通路……

build bridges in this kind of place -- this is in Rwanda.

這就是為什麼有些美好的組織， 如「通向繁榮之橋」，

會在這類地方建立橋樑—— 這是盧安達。

not only to those lives immediately around the bridge,

不只改變了住在 橋樑周圍的人的生活，

Of course bridges have been around for an awfully long time.

The oldest ones are stone because it's a very durable material.

當然，非常久以前 就已經有橋樑出現了。

最早的橋樑是石橋， 因為石頭是很耐用的材料。

I love to look at the development of technology

to learn about what people did with the materials

去了解大家拿材料來做些什麼，

So the Pont Du Gard in the center is a wonderful example --

以及當時他們能用的工具是什麼。

所以，中間的加爾橋 就是個很棒的例子，

fantastic piece of technology built using massive stones put together,

它是位在法國南部的羅馬高架渠，

dry -- there's no mortar in those joints.

很棒的科技傑作， 用大量的石頭所組成，

而且是乾燥的， 在接合處沒有用黏合物，

people would build these suspension bridges,

and is woven into ropes to build these bridges.

And do you know they rebuild this every year?

Because of course grass is not a durable material.

你們知道嗎， 他們每年都要將它重建？

So this bridge is unchanged since Inca times.

當然，因為草並不是很耐用的材料。

And bridges can be symbols of their location.

所以，這座橋從印加時代 開始就沒有改變過。

Of course, Golden Gate and Sydney are well familiar.

橋樑也可能是其所在地的象徵。

In Mostar the bridge was synonymous with the name of the place,

當然，大家都很熟悉 金門大橋和雪梨港灣大橋。

and to such an extent that in the war in 1993

在莫斯塔爾，這座橋的 名稱和那個地方同名，

它們之間的關聯程度高到 在 1933 年的戰爭中

the town all but lost its identity until the bridge was reconstructed.

And bridges are enormous features in our landscape --

這個鎮完全失去了它的身份， 直到橋被重建為止。

not just enormous, sometimes there's small ones --

在我們的地景中， 橋樑是很巨大的特徵，

and they are really significant features,

不只巨大的橋，有時小的也是，

and I believe we have a duty to make our bridges beautiful.

我相信我們有責任 要讓我們的橋樑很美觀。

Think of the stunning Millau Viaduct in the South of France.

謝天謝地，許多人的確做到了。

French engineer Michel Virlogeux and British architect Lord Foster

想想在法國南部的米約高架橋。

collaborated together to produce something

法國工程師米歇爾維洛熱 與英國建築師福斯特男爵

which is a really spectacular synergy of architecture and engineering.

Or Robert Maillart's Salginatobel Bridge in the mountains in Switzerland --

將建築與工程做了非常壯觀的結合。

或是羅勃馬亞爾在瑞士山區 建造的塞金納特伯橋，

Laurent Ney's beautiful and rather delicate bridge

勞倫奈伊為英國的廷塔哲城堡建造了

These are spectacular and beautiful designs

Bridges can be considered in three convenient categories,

我們需要看到更多這樣的傑作。

depending on the nature of the structural system

that they adopt as their principal support.

So, bending, of course, is the way a beam will behave --

Or compression is the principal way of operating for an arch.

Or for the really long spans you need to go lightweight,

還有壓縮法， 它是拱門的主要運作方式。

當礅距非常長時，需要輕量級的，

And the opportunity for variety is enormous.

Engineers have a fantastic scope for innovation and ingenuity

and developing different forms around these types.

工程師有很棒的空間 可以做創新和獨創，

But technological change happens relatively slowly in my world,

以這些類型為基礎， 發展出不同的形式。

但在我的世界中， 科技的改變速度相對比較慢，

compared to the changes that happen in mobile phone technology

and computers and digital technologies and so on.

相對之下行動電話 科技的改變就快很多，

電腦和數位科技等等亦是如此。

And the reason for this can be summarized in one word:

改變似乎就像冰川形成一樣慢。

這背後的理由可以用一個詞總結：

Structural engineers like me manage risk.

We are responsible for structural safety.

像我這樣的結構工程師要管理風險。

I have to balance the probability that loads will be excessive on one side

or the strength will be too low on the other side.

我得要去平衡各種可能性， 一端的負重可能會過重，

字幕列表影片播放

【TED】伊安佛斯: 橋樑應該要很美觀 (Bridges should be beautiful | Ian Firth)

stuff

absolutely

material

enormous