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The temperature of regular stuff is basically just a measurement of jiggliness of the atoms
普通物體的溫度 從本質上說
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and molecules that make that stuff up. More jiggling, higher temperature. Less jiggling,
指的僅僅是組成該物質的原子 分子振動的劇烈程度
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lower temperature.
振動越劇烈 溫度越高 越不劇烈 溫度越低
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Of course, when something's at a high temperature, it feels hot, and when something's at a low
當然 當某個物體溫度較高時 它摸起來很燙
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temperature, it feels cold. Right?
當某物體的溫度較低時 它摸起來很冷 不是嗎
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mmmjhyyaaanot exactly
嗯啊額哦唔 不完全是哎
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If you touch a piece of metal and a book that have been sitting in your fridge, the metal
如果你用手摸剛從冰箱中拿出來的一塊金屬和一本書
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will feel much colder than the book - Derek of Veritasium did a great video on this, but
金屬塊摸起來比書冷得多
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you really have to try it for yourself to believe it! The metal and the book are honestly
Veritasium的Derek為此做過一個不錯的視頻
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at the same temperature as measured by a thermometer, but the metal FEELS colder.
但是你真的應該親身體驗一下
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This isn't just a trick of the mind, though - we experience the metal as "colder" than
事實上 用溫度計測量金屬塊和書時
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the book for a very physical reason: metal is a conductor, and paper is an insulator,
二者的溫度相同 但是金屬塊感覺更冷
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so the ENERGY, or jiggliness of the molecules in our hands, is absorbed more quickly by
這不只是大腦的一个錯覺
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the metal than by the book. Even though the book and the metal are at the same temperature,
書給我們的感覺比金屬塊「冷」有它的物理解釋
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the metal causes the temperature of our hands to go down faster, and thus, we experience
金屬是導熱體 而紙是絕熱體
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the metal as being colder - because the temperature of our hands is what we really feel.
因此能量 或者說物体體子振動的劇烈程度
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It's like how, technically, a mercury thermometer really only measures its own temperature and
被金屬吸收的速度比書更快
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you can only indirectly measure temperatures of other things by putting them in thermal
儘管書和金屬塊的溫度是相同的
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contact with it.
金屬使得我們手掌表面溫度下降得更快
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Similarly, the thermoreceptive nerves in our skin can only directly measure the temperature
因此 我們感覺金屬更冷
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of the skin itself and not of anything else. So when we touch something, we don't feel
因為我們手掌表面的溫度才是我們真正感覺到的
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its temperature, but rather, we feel its effect on our skin: that is, how much and how quickly
這就像 嚴格地說 水銀溫度計僅僅反映水銀表面溫度而已
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it transfers thermal energy - that's the jiggling of molecules - to or from us.
你只能通過使溫度計和物體發生熱交換
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The capacity to transfer thermal energy is also why a blast of steam from your stovetop
來間接地測量物體的溫度
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can feel so much hotter than a blast of hot dry air from your oven, even though the oven
類似地 我們皮膚下的熱感受細胞
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has a higher temperature: water vapor transfers more molecular jiggling to your skin than
僅僅能接受測量皮膚表面溫度 其他的一概不行
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air by itself.
因此 我們摸其他東西時感受到的不是它的溫度
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In fact, it's tempting to say that "hot" and "cold" are fundamentally different concepts
而是我們感受到的 他對我們皮膚的影響
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from "high temperature" and "low temperature", even though we usually use the words interchangeably.
也就是它向我們吸收或傳遞熱能
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"Hot" really means "it gives off a lot of energy" while high temperature means "it has
（實際上是份子的震盪）的多少和速度
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a lot of energy" - and as anyone who's tried fundraising knows, just because somebody has
物體傳播熱能的能力也解釋了
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a lot of something, doesn't necessarily mean they give a lot of it away.
為什麼灶台上的水蒸氣
