and molecules that make that stuff up. More jiggling, higher temperature. Less jiggling,

指的僅僅是組成該物質的原子 分子振動的劇烈程度

lower temperature.

振動越劇烈 溫度越高 越不劇烈 溫度越低

Of course, when something's at a high temperature, it feels hot, and when something's at a low

當然 當某個物體溫度較高時 它摸起來很燙

temperature, it feels cold. Right?

當某物體的溫度較低時 它摸起來很冷 不是嗎

mmmjhyyaaanot exactly

嗯啊額哦唔 不完全是哎

If you touch a piece of metal and a book that have been sitting in your fridge, the metal

如果你用手摸剛從冰箱中拿出來的一塊金屬和一本書

will feel much colder than the book - Derek of Veritasium did a great video on this, but

金屬塊摸起來比書冷得多

you really have to try it for yourself to believe it! The metal and the book are honestly

Veritasium的Derek為此做過一個不錯的視頻

at the same temperature as measured by a thermometer, but the metal FEELS colder.

但是你真的應該親身體驗一下

This isn't just a trick of the mind, though - we experience the metal as "colder" than

事實上 用溫度計測量金屬塊和書時

the book for a very physical reason: metal is a conductor, and paper is an insulator,

二者的溫度相同 但是金屬塊感覺更冷

so the ENERGY, or jiggliness of the molecules in our hands, is absorbed more quickly by

這不只是大腦的一个錯覺

the metal than by the book. Even though the book and the metal are at the same temperature,

書給我們的感覺比金屬塊「冷」有它的物理解釋

the metal causes the temperature of our hands to go down faster, and thus, we experience

金屬是導熱體 而紙是絕熱體

the metal as being colder - because the temperature of our hands is what we really feel.

因此能量 或者說物体體子振動的劇烈程度

It's like how, technically, a mercury thermometer really only measures its own temperature and

被金屬吸收的速度比書更快

you can only indirectly measure temperatures of other things by putting them in thermal

儘管書和金屬塊的溫度是相同的

contact with it.

金屬使得我們手掌表面溫度下降得更快

Similarly, the thermoreceptive nerves in our skin can only directly measure the temperature

因此 我們感覺金屬更冷

of the skin itself and not of anything else. So when we touch something, we don't feel

因為我們手掌表面的溫度才是我們真正感覺到的

its temperature, but rather, we feel its effect on our skin: that is, how much and how quickly

這就像 嚴格地說 水銀溫度計僅僅反映水銀表面溫度而已

it transfers thermal energy - that's the jiggling of molecules - to or from us.

你只能通過使溫度計和物體發生熱交換

The capacity to transfer thermal energy is also why a blast of steam from your stovetop

來間接地測量物體的溫度

can feel so much hotter than a blast of hot dry air from your oven, even though the oven

類似地 我們皮膚下的熱感受細胞

has a higher temperature: water vapor transfers more molecular jiggling to your skin than

僅僅能接受測量皮膚表面溫度 其他的一概不行

air by itself.

因此 我們摸其他東西時感受到的不是它的溫度

In fact, it's tempting to say that "hot" and "cold" are fundamentally different concepts

而是我們感受到的 他對我們皮膚的影響

from "high temperature" and "low temperature", even though we usually use the words interchangeably.

也就是它向我們吸收或傳遞熱能

"Hot" really means "it gives off a lot of energy" while high temperature means "it has

（實際上是份子的震盪）的多少和速度

a lot of energy" - and as anyone who's tried fundraising knows, just because somebody has

物體傳播熱能的能力也解釋了

a lot of something, doesn't necessarily mean they give a lot of it away.

為什麼灶台上的水蒸氣