Name: 垂直農業的甜蜜未來｜Hiroki Koga｜TED (The Sweet Future of Vertical Farming | Hiroki Koga | TED)
Uploaded: 2026-03-25T15:51:50.000Z
Duration: 10 min 21 s

程度副詞

So here's a strawberry, but not just any strawberry.

所以這是一顆草莓，但可不是一般的草莓喔。

This one can be up to three times sweeter than a regular one, just like the ones I grew up eating in Japan.

這顆草莓可以比一般的甜上三倍，就像我小時候在日本吃的一樣。

As a child, when I came home and I saw strawberries on the table, it meant we were celebrating something special: holidays, birthdays, anniversaries.

小時候，我回家看到桌上有草莓，就代表我們在慶祝特別的事：節日、生日、紀念日。

Strawberries are considered the king of fruits in my culture, and they're never sold just as strawberries.

在我的文化裡，草莓被視為水果之王，而且它們從來不只單純地被當成草莓販售。

They always have their varietal names: Amao, Benihoppe, Toshihotome—any Japanese person can name a few.

它們總是會有自己的品種名稱：Amao、Benihoppe、Toshihotome—任何日本人都能說出幾個。

Up until now, these strawberries could only be grown under very specific Japanese climate conditions.

到目前為止，這些草莓只能在非常特定的日本氣候條件下種植。

But today, you can grow them anywhere around the world using our vertical farming technology.

但今天，你可以用我們的垂直農業技術在世界任何地方種植它們。

By the way, does anyone want to try these strawberries?

對了，有人想嚐嚐這些草莓嗎？

So today I'm going to try to give it a shot and try to convince everyone here that this technology is no longer some futuristic idea, but

所以今天我要試著讓這裡的大家相信，這項技術已經不再是遙不可及的未來概念，

something that is going to mainstream very quickly, much, much sooner than you'd imagine, by sharing some of our secrets.

而是即將快速普及的趨勢，而且比你想像的還要快得多，我會分享一些我們的祕訣。

I came to the U.S. in 2015 to pursue my MBA.

On the second day of my arrival, I went to the local grocery store in California.

剛到美國的第二天，我就去了加州的當地雜貨店。

I was amazed by the beautiful produce aisle: green, red, yellow, paprikas side by side.

我對那裡琳瑯滿目的蔬果感到驚艷：綠色、紅色、黃色的甜椒擺在一起。

I was especially disappointed with strawberries.

I later learned that this is because the U.S.

agriculture system had optimized everything towards mass production as opposed to quality and flavor.

的農業系統為了大量生產而優化一切，而不是為了品質和風味。

But this was the moment that I immediately realized that there's a huge opportunity here if I could grow Japanese-quality fruits and vegetables on U.S.

但就在那一刻，我立刻意識到，如果我能在美國的土地上種植日本品質的水果和蔬菜，這裡就有巨大的機會，

But back then, experts told me that vertical farms were expensive and they could only grow leafy greens: so your lettuces, your kales, your spinaches, because anything beyond that requires bee pollination.

但當時專家告訴我，垂直農場很貴，而且只能種植葉菜類：像是生菜、羽衣甘藍、菠菜，因為其他種類都需要蜜蜂授粉。

But bees were known not to operate well in a sunless vertical farm environment.

但蜜蜂眾所周知，在沒有陽光的垂直農場環境中表現不佳。

I, we decided to tackle this problem and started building our first farm in 2017 with our own hands, as two non-engineer MBAs.

和我，我們決定著手解決這個問題，並在 2017 年親手開始建造我們的第一座農場，當時我們只是兩個 MBA。

We nearly lost a few fingers just trying to cut PVC pipes, almost electrocuted ourselves a few times.

我們光是試著切割 PVC 管就差點斷了幾根手指，還差點被電到好幾次。

But we were really determined to solve one of the world's largest problems that mankind is facing this century: the failing agriculture system.

但我們真的下定決心要解決人類在這世紀面臨的其中一個最大問題：崩潰的農業系統。

Extreme weather, lack of water, lack of arable land, heavy use of pesticides, and

極端天氣、缺水、缺乏可耕地、大量使用農藥，以及

just not enough workers to keep up with a growing population.

根本沒有足夠的勞動力來跟上不斷增長的人口。

All of these things have contributed to the global agriculture production cost.

所有這些因素都導致了全球農業生產成本的上升。

Vertical farms can actually solve all of these problems.

垂直農場實際上可以解決所有這些問題。

We can recycle most of the water that we use.

我們使用的水，大部分都可以回收再利用。

In fact, one of our farms used to be a Budweiser factory.

事實上，我們其中一個農場以前是 Budweiser 的啤酒廠。

Imagine if you could turn all beer factories around the world into strawberry farms, we'd be much healthier.

想像一下，如果我們能把全世界的啤酒廠都變成草莓園，我們的健康會好很多。

But despite all of these benefits, skeptics still say, "Well, vertical farms are too costly of a solution.

不過儘管有這些好處，還是有人會質疑說，「嗯，垂直農業的解決方案太貴了。

It's not a viable business model." I get it.

這根本不是一個可行的商業模式。」我懂。

But think about where computers or mobile phones started.

但想想看電腦或手機剛開始的時候是什麼樣子。

The real question is, can vertical farms get there, and can we get there quickly enough?

真正的問題是，垂直農業能不能達到那樣的程度，而且我們能不能夠快速達到？

What I can tell you is that a pack of our strawberries that you just ate, they used to go for $50 per pack five years ago.

我可以告訴你的是，你剛才吃的草莓，五年前一盒要賣 50 美元。

Now they're $10 available in more than 100 grocery stores on the East Coast.

現在一盒只要 10 美元，而且在東岸超過 100 家超市都有賣。

所以我們在五年內就來到了這裡。

So you can probably imagine at this pace where we could get to in another five years.

所以你大概可以想像，照這個速度，再過五年我們會到哪裡。

We might even be cheaper than conventional products.

我們甚至可能比傳統產品還便宜。

The short answer to that question is that we can innovate so much faster in a vertical farm,

這個問題的簡短答案是，我們在垂直農場裡可以創新得快得多，

and we can also do things traditional farms simply can't do structurally.

而且我們還能做傳統農場在結構上根本做不到的事。

For example, in a traditional farm, you can only experiment once a year during the season.

舉個例子，在傳統農場，你一年只能在季節裡實驗一次。

At Oishi, we have dozens of grow rooms where we can control every aspect of the environment, from things like temperature, humidity, CO2 levels, all the way down to even light spectrums and wind speed.

在 Oishi，我們有數十個種植室，我們可以控制環境的每一個面向，從溫度、濕度、二氧化碳濃度，到光譜和風速。

So we can conduct experiments so much more efficiently in a controlled manner.

所以我們可以更有效率、更有條理地進行實驗。

And on top of that, we can start these experiments anytime during the year because we're not impacted by the outdoor seasonality at all.

而且，我們一年中的任何時候都可以開始這些實驗，因為我們完全不受戶外季節的影響。

And using this approach, we were able to go from just a few berries on a plant to five times of that in just a matter of five years.

透過這種方法，我們在短短五年內，就讓一株植物上的漿果數量增加了五倍。

If you try to accomplish something like this in a traditional farm where you can only experiment once a year, it could have taken us nearly 500 years to get to the same outcome.

如果你想在傳統農場做到這一點，一年只能實驗一次，可能需要將近 500 年才能達到相同的結果。

And using this hyperspeed experiments, we were also able to accomplish three major breakthroughs: bee pollination, AI, and

透過這種超高速實驗，我們也完成了三大突破：蜜蜂授粉、AI，以及

I know this is everyone's favorite topic.

我知道這是大家最喜歡的話題。

You need bees to grow most produce: strawberries, tomatoes, melons, peppers, you name it, because the bees will pollinate the flowers that then become the product.

大部分的農產品都需要蜜蜂來授粉，像是草莓、番茄、哈密瓜、辣椒等等，因為蜜蜂會替花朵授粉，然後花朵就會變成產品。

But bees, they need the sun and the natural environment to navigate.

但是蜜蜂需要陽光和自然環境來導航。

So in a vertical farm, they wouldn't even come out of the hive.

所以在垂直農場裡，牠們根本不會飛出蜂巢。

Even if they did, they will drunk fly and can't find the flowers, just like how drunk humans are completely useless.

就算牠們飛出來，也會像喝醉的人一樣亂飛，找不到花朵，完全沒用。

On top of that, you need somewhere between six to 15 visits by a bee to fully pollinate a strawberry flower.

此外，一朵草莓花要完全授粉，大約需要蜜蜂來訪 6 到 15 次。

Anything less or more will result in mispollination, meaning you won't have product.

太少或太多次都會導致授粉不良，也就是說你不會有產品。

So for these reasons, an average Japanese farm, a traditional farm, is set to have a pollination success rate of somewhere between 60 to 70 percent, meaning three to four flowers don't even become products.

所以基於這些原因，一般的日本傳統農場，授粉成功率大約落在 60% 到 70% 之間，也就是有三到四成的花朵都無法變成產品。

In order to solve all of these bee problems, Brendan and I, we interviewed many, many apeologists, experts.

為了要解決這些蜜蜂的問題，我和 Brendan 採訪了非常非常多的猿類學家、專家。

We spent so much time in the farm observing the bees ourselves, getting stung at times.

我們花了很多時間在農場裡親自觀察蜜蜂，有時候還會被叮到。

Or ultimately, we mapped out every environmental parameter of outdoor farms versus our indoor farms and went one by one.

最後，我們把戶外農場和室內農場的每一個環境參數都詳細記錄下來，一一檢視。

And after two years, finally figured out the bee recipe.

經過兩年，終於找出蜜蜂的黃金配方。

So today we have bees, sober bees, in our farms doing all the pollination for us.

所以現在我們的農場裡有清醒的蜜蜂，幫我們完成所有的授粉工作。

And what's more, with the help of data science and AI, our pollination success rate is above 95 percent, meaning more than nine flowers out of ten become berries.

而且，在數據科學和 AI 的協助下，我們的授粉成功率高達 95% 以上，也就是說，十朵花裡面有九朵以上都能變成草莓。

So we're much more efficient than conventional methods.

所以我們比傳統方法有效率多了。

We have these self-driving camera carts that's taking real-time visual data of every single plant in the farm, which helps us not only to determine yield and plant health information,

我們有這些自動駕駛的攝影車，會拍攝農場裡每一株植物的即時視覺數據，這不僅能幫助我們判斷產量和植物的健康狀況，

but also how much bee activity is needed that day to help with the bee pollination.

還能知道當天需要多少蜜蜂的活動來協助授粉。

These AI-powered robots can automatically detect only the ripest berries, pick them automatically, and they can work 24/7.

這些由 AI 驅動的機器人可以自動偵測最熟的草莓，自動採摘，而且它們可以 24/7 工作。

字幕列表影片播放

垂直農業的甜蜜未來｜Hiroki Koga｜TED (The Sweet Future of Vertical Farming | Hiroki Koga | TED)

ultimately

massive

figure

grocery