Name: 老大哥也懂畫？佈列哲爾如何開創全新繪畫流派！ (How Bruegel Invented A New Genre Of Painting)
Uploaded: 2026-01-16T16:54:47.000Z
Duration: 4 min 59 s

What you're looking at now is arguably the first significant work of art depicting regular people.

你現在看到的，可以說是第一件描繪尋常百姓的藝術品。

This is a print of Peter Brueghel, the elders ice skating before the gate of St. George.

這是 Peter Brueghel 的一幅版畫，描繪聖喬治門前荷蘭人溜冰的景象。

It's an urban scene of citizens in Antwerp enjoying a winter afternoon.

這是安特衛普市民在冬日午後享受生活的城市景觀。

Skating, walking, playing, observing, laughing.

溜冰、散步、玩耍、觀察、歡笑。

There's no judgment here, just a depiction of what it was really like one day, 465 years ago.

這幅畫沒有任何評判，只是真實呈現了 465 年前某一天人們的生活樣貌。

那麼，這為什麼是革命性的呢？

Well, for much of the history of art, painting was dominated by religious and mythological themes, as well as portraiture of monarchs and the ruling elite.

嗯，在藝術史的大部分時期，繪畫主要以宗教和神話主題，以及君主和統治階級的肖像畫為主。

This is due to the fact that the Church and the aristocracy commissioned the vast majority of the art being made.

這是因為教會和貴族委託創作了絕大多數的藝術品。

But in the 16th century, that started to change, and particularly in the Low Countries.

但在 16 世紀，情況開始改變，尤其是在低地國家。

What constitutes modern day Belgium and the Netherlands?

今天的比利時和荷蘭是哪些地方？

The Low Countries saw the rapid emergence of a merchant middle class in this period.

在這段時期，低地國家出現了快速成長的商人階級。

With enough money to patronize local artists, it makes sense that they wanted to see art that reflected their own lives.

他們有足夠的財力支持在地藝術家，所以當然希望能看到反映自己生活的藝術品。

And with the rise of reproducible prints like this one, art became more affordable, broadening the audience even further.

隨著像這幅畫一樣可大量複製的印刷品興起，藝術變得更平價，讓更多人能接觸。

Chief among these, the Protestant Reformation, which was gaining a foothold throughout the Low Countries, and

其中最主要的，就是新教改革，它在低地國家逐漸紮根，

inflaming tensions with their Spanish and Catholic overlords.

並加劇了與西班牙和天主教統治者的緊張關係。

Advocated for a simplification of worship, shared a dislike for religious images, believing that they could lead to idolatry.

主張簡化崇拜儀式，他們不喜歡宗教圖像，認為這可能導致偶像崇拜。

And things came to a head in August 1566 with the Bildenstorm, or the Iconoclastic Fury, in which groups of Calvinists ransacked churches and monasteries throughout the Low Countries, destroying religious images, statues and altars.

而到了1566年8月，事情終於爆發，也就是Bildenstorm，或稱聖像破壞，加爾文教徒們洗劫了低地國家的教堂和修道院，破壞了宗教圖像、雕像和祭壇。

This was the precipitating event of the 80 Years War, when the Dutch revolted against their Spanish rulers and eventually won independence.

這場事件引發了八十年戰爭，荷蘭人反抗西班牙統治者，最終贏得了獨立。

Bruegel made this drawing just eight years before the war began.

Bruegel 在戰爭爆發前八年畫了這幅畫。

In a period ripe for new genres of art, it was also a period of rising humanism, thanks to the influence of Northern Renaissance thinkers like Erasmus of Rotterdam.

在一個適合新藝術類型的時期，這也是人文主義興起的時期，這要歸功於像伊拉斯謨這樣北方文藝復興思想家的影響。

Erasmus famously used satire to critique the social, religious and political failings of his time in an entertaining way.

伊拉斯謨以善用諷刺來以有趣的方式批評他那個時代的社會、宗教和政治弊端而聞名。

And satire also found its way into the visual arts, bringing with it depictions of of ordinary people.

諷刺也融入了視覺藝術，並帶來了對普通人的描繪。

In 1514, Quentin Macys made the Money Changer and His Wife, showing an ordinary man and woman counting money.

1514年，Quentin Macys 創作了《Money Changer and His Wife》，描繪了一對普通男女在數錢。

You can tell by their outfits that they aren't nobles.

從他們的穿著就可以看出，他們不是貴族。

The painting is a satirical criticism on the pursuit of material wealth at the expense of spiritual wealth.

這幅畫諷刺性地批評了人們為了追求物質財富而犧牲精神財富。

The wife is thoughtlessly flipping through a book of devotion while her eyes are fixed on the cash in Van Hemessen's Loose Company from 1540 and Aertsen's the Egg Dance from 1552.

據信，妻子心不在焉地翻閱著一本虔誠的書，而她的目光卻盯著 Van Hemessen 1540 年的《Loose Company》和 Aertsen 1552 年的《Egg Dance》中的現金。

Peasants Dr. And dance in messy brothels.

These paintings are moral warnings against debauchery and lust.

這些畫作是針對淫亂和情慾的道德警示。

Bruegel made several satires of his own, depicting ordinary people only to ridicule their vices.

Bruegel 也創作了幾幅諷刺畫，描繪普通人只是為了嘲笑他們的惡習。

In all these paintings, the subject isn't so much the people, but

在所有這些畫作中，主題並非人物本身，而是

the vice itself, which is what makes this skating scene so radical.

惡習本身，這也是為什麼這個溜冰場景如此激進。

There is no satire here, no moralizing judgment, just a naturalistic presentation of everyday life.

這裡沒有諷刺，沒有道德判斷，只有對日常生活自然的呈現。

In the following years, Bruegel painted a number of masterpieces of a similar content winter landscapes, peasants, dancing, eating, getting married.

在接下來的幾年裡，Bruegel 創作了許多內容相似的傑作：冬日風景、農民、跳舞、吃飯、結婚。

Some do see a little satire in these paintings, but I don't.

有些人確實從這些畫作中看到了一點諷刺，但我沒有。

I see curiosity, observation, warmth even.

我看到的是好奇心、觀察力，甚至溫暖。

I see a new genre of painting being born.

我看到一種新的繪畫類型正在誕生。

我看到藝術正在開拓新的視野。

At long last, the paperback for my book of essays has just been released.

我的散文集平裝本終於上市了！

If you like this video, I think that you'll like my book too, so I'll put the link in the description below.

如果你喜歡這支影片，我相信你也會喜歡我的書，所以連結我會放在下面的說明欄。

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Squarespace 是一個全方位的網站平臺，讓創業者能夠脫穎而出並在線上取得成功。

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無論你是剛起步，還是管理著一個不斷成長的品牌，Squarespace 都能讓你輕鬆打造出精美的網站，與你的觀眾互動，並且

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從產品、內容到時間，都能在同一個地方，完全按照你的想法販售。

Their templates are flexible, their blogging tools are super easy to use, and

他們的範本很靈活，部落格工具也超級好用，而且

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Squarespace 還提供你所有需要的分析工具，幫助你不斷優化並發展你的事業。

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當你準備好推出網站時，請前往 squarespace.com/nerdwriter，首購可享九折優惠。