Name: 美國如何搞定馬杜羅？「絕對決心」行動內幕 | BBC 安全透視 (How did the US get Maduro? Inside Operation Absolute Resolve | BBC Security Brief)
Uploaded: 2026-01-10T17:02:48.000Z
Duration: 17 min 8 s

It was one of the most complex, audacious military operations in decades.

這是數十年來最複雜、最大膽的軍事行動之一。

But how did U.S. special Forces take the Venezuelan president Nicolas Maduro in the dead of night?

但美國特種部隊是如何在深夜裡逮捕委內瑞拉總統尼古拉斯·馬杜羅的呢？

I spent many years flying in support of UK Special Forces on similar helicopter assault operations.

我花了許多年的時間，在類似的直升機突擊行動中支援英國特種部隊。

We will lift the lid on how Operation Absolute Resolve went down.

我們將揭開 Operation Absolute Resolve 的內幕。

he's been doing an awful lot of work breaking down this operation and there's an awful lot to it.

他做了很多關於這次行動的分析，而且內容相當豐富。

So where do you want to begin, Christian?

那Christian，你想從哪裡開始呢？

Yeah, well, for me there are three key elements.

對，對我來說有三個關鍵要素。

I'm going to call them phases, if you like.

如果你喜歡的話，我會稱它們為階段。

Phase one was the massive collation of intelligence.

Phase two was all about suppression of enemy air defense called sead.

第二階段是關於壓制敵方防空系統，也就是SEAD。

And then phase three was the helicopter force assault on Maduro's compound.

然後第三階段是直升機部隊突擊馬杜羅的營地。

Okay, well, let's start with the intelligence.

好的，那我們就從情報開始吧。

Intelligence is absolutely critical to any, any kind of these type of operations called the Night Stalkers.

情報對於像夜行者這樣的行動來說，絕對是至關重要的。

The Night stalkers are the 160th saw Special Operations Aviation Regiment.

夜行者就是第160特種作戰航空團。

And it all starts with the collation of intelligence.

And intelligence comes for me in three key forms.

Let's take the first, which is human intelligence or human.

我們先來看第一種，也就是人力情報，或稱人力。

And that's basically informants or assets.

And we do know from the open source reporting that there was a CIA plant within the Venezuelan government.

我們從公開報導中得知，委內瑞拉政府內部有一個CIA的安插人員。

Yeah, the CIA started collating this human intelligence, this human, back in August 2025, using a source inside the Venezuelan government that they managed to persuade or turn.

沒錯，CIA從2025年8月開始彙整這些人力情報，利用一位他們成功說服或策反的委內瑞拉政府內部線人。

And that source basically would have been given.

而這個情報來源基本上會被提供。

This is going to come up a lot, Christian, when we're talking about intelligence.

這在我們談論情報時，Christian，會經常出現。

So understanding what Maduro's behaviors were, what his movements were, what the trends were and what his locations were, and

所以瞭解馬杜羅的行為、他的行蹤、趨勢以及他的所在地，

even according to some reporting, what he ate and presumably what his communications were, who he was talking to.

甚至根據一些報導，他吃了什麼，以及他可能與誰通訊、和誰說話。

That part is called signals intelligence.

It forms part of what's called the elite spectrum, electronic intelligence.

它構成了所謂的電子情報精英光譜的一部分。

Signals intelligence is basically listening into communications, triangulating through telephone calls where Maduro was, but

訊號情報基本上就是監聽通訊，透過電話定位馬杜羅在哪裡，但

Who within his inner team is he talking to?

他的核心團隊裡，他正在跟誰講話？

Who are the important people that form that, what we call a spider network of intelligence.

哪些重要人物構成了我們所說的情報蜘蛛網？

And as important, what they were talking about, how do you go about that?

還有更重要的，他們在談論什麼，你們要怎麼做？

I mean, what sort of equipment would they be using?

我的意思是，他們會使用什麼樣的裝備？

I mean, the critical capabilities is a term that we use in the military would be the RQ170 Sentinel stealth drone.

我的意思是，我們在軍事上會用到的關鍵能力一詞，就是RQ170哨兵匿蹤無人機。

I think we've got some video footage Here it's important to say that you don't see these aircraft very often.

我想我們這裡有一些影片片段，要說的是，你們不太常看到這些飛機。

This is very rare and unique footage and I've looked at it quite a few times and it basically appears to be an RQ170 Sentinel drone returning back to Roosevelt Roads Air Base in Puerto Rico in the morning, likely sitting up over Caracas all night sucking up that signals intelligence.

這是非常罕見且獨特的畫面，我看過好幾次了，基本上它似乎是一架RQ170哨兵無人機在早上返回波多黎各羅斯福島空軍基地，可能整晚都待在加拉加斯上空蒐集訊號情報。

And it's not just about signals intelligence.

This aircraft or this drone is likely what's called dual censored.

這架飛機或這個無人機很可能是所謂的雙感測器。

So it's got the eel inside the sensor that can listen into signals intelligence, but

所以它裡面有感測器，可以監聽訊號情報，但

it's also highly likely got something called imagery intelligence capability, which is effectively electro optical cameras that can look in daylight and also thermal imagery.

它很有可能也配備了所謂的影像情報能力，也就是說，它有電子光學攝影機，白天和熱成像都能看。

Let's just take a look at an artist's impression of the RQ170 because there isn't a lot of footage out there.

我們來看看 RQ170 的藝術家想像圖，因為這方面的影片不多。

I think what's really key about this is it's called a dual sensor platform.

我認為這架無人機的關鍵在於它被稱為雙感測器平臺。

I don't know it's a dual sensor platform, but

我不知道它是不是雙感測器平臺，但是

when I was operating inside Iraq, the predators had dual sensors on it.

我以前在伊拉克執行任務時，掠食者無人機就配備了雙感測器。

So it would surprise me if the RQ170 didn't have dual sensors.

所以，如果 RQ170 沒有雙感測器，我會感到驚訝。

So it's got, it's got the ability to have the signals intelligence piece of listening to those communications that we spoke about, but

所以它具備了我們剛才提到的，監聽通訊的訊號情報功能，但

it'll also have other sensors on it that allow the ability to look.

它也會配備其他感測器，讓它能夠進行觀察。

So you're talking about electro optical cameras that can zoom in by day and then thermal cameras that can track activity at night.

所以你說的是，白天可以放大影像的電子光學攝影機，以及晚上能追蹤活動的熱成像攝影機。

Okay, so that's the intelligence picture.

You've got his movements that have been tracked over several months, which will be passed on to the special ops team that have to carry out this operation.

你掌握了他幾個月來的動態，這些將會交給負責執行這次行動的特種部隊。

But that brings us to the next part of this and that is getting in phase two.

但這就帶我們來到下一部分，也就是進入第二階段。

The main obstacle faced by US forces in terms of what is going to, what is the biggest threat to their air assets, whether that's drones or aircraft.

美軍面臨的主要障礙，就他們空中資產，無論是無人機或飛機，最大的威脅是什麼。

Coming off the carrier, is called the S300 missile system.

從航空母艦上起飛的，就是所謂的S300飛彈系統。

Let's just take a look at a mock up, a graphic, 3D graphic of that.

我們就來看看它的模擬圖，一個3D圖像。

The US went about taking these out so they could get or reduce the risk of putting elite forces in.

美軍著手清除這些，以便減少派遣精銳部隊的風險。

Now this S300 missile system, it's made by Russia and it's got an incredibly powerful radar to identify a flying target at considerable range.

現在這個S300飛彈系統，是俄羅斯製造的，它擁有非常強大的雷達，能在相當遠的距離識別飛行目標。

So it's a critical capability that the US would be going after.

所以這是美軍會去攻擊的關鍵能力。

And what do you know, Mikey, about how they were hitting or targeting these missiles?

麥奇，你對他們如何攻擊或鎖定這些飛彈有什麼瞭解嗎？

So you know, we spoke about, about a month Ago, we spoke about the buildup of military capability.

所以你知道，我們之前有聊過，大概一個月前，我們聊過軍事能力的建置。

The USS Gerald Ford aircraft carrier, the largest aircraft carrier in the world that carries an aircraft called the F18 Hornet.

尼米茲級的福特號航空母艦，是世界上最大的航空母艦，上面搭載了一架叫做F18大黃蜂的戰機。

And the specific version that would be tracking these missiles is called the Growler.

而會追蹤這些飛彈的特定版本，叫做咆哮者。

We can see here on the screen, it's got a jamming capability on it which allows it to interfere with the S300 radar system, giving the radar erroneous sort of target tracks.

我們在這裡畫面上可以看到，它有幹擾能力，可以幹擾S300雷達系統，讓雷達出現錯誤的目標追蹤。

But the other key bit is it carries on its pylons a missile called the AGM88HARM missile.

但另一個關鍵點是，它搭載了一枚叫做AGM88HARM飛彈。

And what that does is we spoke about this really powerful radar in the S300 and you think that's advantage because it allows the range of its targets that is tracking, identifying to be quite long.

而它的作用是，我們剛才聊到S300那非常強大的雷達，你會覺得這是一個優勢，因為它能讓它追蹤、識別的目標範圍相當長。

But the disadvantage of that, Christian, is the fact that that radar is super powerful.

不過，Christian，它的缺點就是那個雷達非常強大。

So as soon as that radar is turned on, all of the displays and the sensors in that F18 growler will light up and it will allow the weapon system operator in the back of that jet, that US jet, to be able to quickly target identify the S300 and then get one of those HARM missiles off the rail and down the throat of an S300 operator.

所以一旦那個雷達打開，F18咆哮者上的所有顯示器和感測器都會亮起來，讓那架美國戰機後座的武器系統操作員能夠快速鎖定S300，然後發射一枚HARM飛彈，直接命中S300的操作員。

So in a sense that it turns into a game of cat and mouse.

所以某種程度上，這就變成了一場貓捉老鼠的遊戲。

So now you've got a situation where, you know, if the S300 operators turn its radar on for too long, they're going to get a lot from that F18 growler and they're going to have a Harm missile looking at them.

所以現在的情況是，你知道，如果S300的操作員開著雷達太久，他們就會被那架F18咆哮者盯上，而且會有導彈瞄準他們。

So there's, there's obviously been some form of cat and mouse game where eventually the operators have deemed it too risky to turn the radar on and then eventually started to try and evade.

所以，顯然已經有某種貓捉老鼠的遊戲，最終操作員認為開著雷達太危險，然後開始試圖規避。

And you know about this personally because you have flown with these HARM missiles.

而你對這個很瞭解，因為你曾和這些HARM飛彈一起執行任務。

It was, it was a very unique operation that I was a part of in the mid-90s in Bosnia, based in Aviano Air Force Base.

那是我在90年代中期，在波士尼亞參與的一次非常獨特的行動，基地設在阿維亞諾空軍基地。

And I got it, I got invited to fly with the U.S. marine Corps Moondog Squadron.

然後我接到了邀請，要和美國海軍陸戰隊的Moondog中隊一起飛行。

Now they were flying what's called an EA6B Prowler at the time, which was four crew.

當時他們駕駛的是EA6B Prowler，有四名機組人員。

The F18 Growler has taken over from that.

But effectively we went over on a mission in Bosnia and we were looking for those surface to air missile systems using exactly that process of looking out for the radar to be turned on to launch the Harm missile on them.

但實際上，我們當時去波士尼亞執行任務，就是在尋找那些地對空飛彈系統，用完全一樣的方法，就是等雷達開機，然後發射HARM飛彈攻擊。

As it happens, during that mission, no radars did Turn on but.

碰巧的是，在那次任務中，沒有雷達開機，

So again, Christian, about a month ago, one of the, one of the really interesting things we spoke about was that special U.S.

所以Christian，大約一個月前，我們聊到一個非常有趣的事情，就是美國的特殊

special forces capability buildup off the coast of Venezuela.

特種部隊在委內瑞拉海岸進行的能力建構。

I think we can take a look, just a couple of pictures here, just to give the viewers an idea of what we're talking about.

我想我們可以看一下，就幾張圖片，讓觀眾有個概念。

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美國如何搞定馬杜羅？「絕對決心」行動內幕 | BBC 安全透視 (How did the US get Maduro? Inside Operation Absolute Resolve | BBC Security Brief)

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