Name: 什麼是永久性化學物質？它們如何影響我們的健康？| BBC News (What are forever chemicals, and how do they impact our health? | BBC News)
Uploaded: 2025-12-01T17:01:18.000Z
Duration: 6 min 59 s

Now they've been found in homes, food and drinking water and have been linked to serious harms such as cancer and infertility.

現在它們被發現在家中、食物和飲用水中，並與癌症和生育能力下降等嚴重危害有關。

A group of chemicals known as pfas, also referred to as forever chemicals, are in many of our family household items.

一群被稱為 pfas 的化學物質，也被稱為永久化學物質，存在於我們許多家庭日常用品中。

And as part of a new BBC Panorama investigation, journalist Katherine Nye took a test for the chemicals with worrying results.

在 BBC 全景節目的一項新調查中，記者 Katherine Nye 進行了化學物質檢測，結果令人擔憂。

The tough non stick surface with a heart of stone.

堅韌的不沾表面，內裡卻是石頭。

Their discovery 60 years ago led to a revolutionary new product, Teflon, used to make nonstick pans.

他們在 60 年前發現的這項技術，催生了一項革命性的新產品——特富龍，用於製造不沾鍋。

But these days, pfas, or forever chemicals, are not just found in kitchenware.

但如今，pfas，也就是永久化學物質，不只存在於廚具中。

They're used to make things durable, waterproof and grease proof.

它們被用來讓物品更耐用、防水和防油。

And can be found in clothes and electronics, medical equipment and solar panels.

而且可以在衣服、電子產品、醫療設備和太陽能電池板中找到。

Despite most being legal, once they make it into the human body, they the chemicals can stay for a long time and have been linked to serious health consequences.

儘管大多數是合法的，但一旦進入人體，這些化學物質可能會停留很長時間，並與嚴重的健康後果有關。

For example, some PFAS have been linked to thyroid problems, which affects our hormonal system.

舉例來說，有些永久化學物質與甲狀腺問題有關，這會影響我們的荷爾蒙系統。

Some have been linked to kidney and liver cancer.

And some PFAS have also been shown to affect our fertility.

有些永久化學物質也被證實會影響我們的生育能力。

These chemicals can make their way into our food and drink.

這些化學物質會進入我們的食物和飲品中。

They've been found in fish, fruit and tap water.

它們在魚、水果和自來水中都有被發現。

I decided to take a test to find out if I've been affected by forever chemicals.

我決定做個檢測，看看我是否受到永久化學物質的影響。

Having recently had two children, I wanted to know if they may have been affected too.

我最近生了兩個小孩，我想知道他們會不會也受到影響。

We've checked your PFAS levels in your blood and in your urine.

我們已經檢測了妳血液和尿液中的永久化學物質水準。

所以我們有驗出永久化學物質嗎？

Your level is 9.8 nanograms per milliliter.

妳的水準是每毫升 9.8 奈米克。

Okay, so we definitely do find PFAS there.

好的，所以我們確實在這裡驗出了永久化學物質。

it also makes me worry that I have passed on a lot to my kids.

這也讓我很擔心，我會不會傳給了我的孩子們很多。

To try to lower my levels, I'm advised to limit my exposure to products that may contain forever chemicals like like hair coloring and makeup.

為了盡量降低我的水準，我被建議限制接觸可能含有永久化學物質的產品，像是染髮劑和化妝品。

I'm told eating more fiber can also help.

You will be able to to reduce that over the next two, three years with a strategy.

在接下來的兩三年裡，你可以透過策略來降低這個水準。

In Berkshire, Pam and Paul Kavanagh are preparing for the birth of their first baby.

在伯克郡，Pam 和 Paul Kavanagh 正在為他們第一個孩子的出生做準備。

They're keen to minimize its exposure to PFAS.

他們很希望盡量減少孩子接觸永久化學物質。

Who studied how babies and children can be affected by to their home to spot possible risks.

她研究了嬰兒和兒童如何受到家中環境的影響，找出潛在的風險。

These pans have magical Nonstick properties.

Unfortunately, there is evidence to suggest that the PFAS chemicals can leach to the food that's being cooked in them.

不幸的是，有證據顯示永久化學物質會滲入烹煮的食物中。

When the non stick layer is damaged, more of those PFAS chemicals leach into your food.

當不沾塗層損壞時，會有更多永久化學物質滲入食物。

She recommends throwing away scratched pans or using stainless steel.

她建議丟掉刮花的鍋子，或是改用不鏽鋼鍋。

When we drink tap water, we are depending on where you live at varying levels of exposure to pfas and one of the ways to reduce that is actually just to buy a water filter.

當我們喝自來水時，會因為居住地點不同，接觸到不同程度的永久化學物質，而其中一個減少接觸的方法就是買個濾水器。

The European Commission is currently consulting on a blanket ban of forever chemicals.

歐洲委員會目前正在就全面禁止永久化學物質進行諮詢。

The UK government says it's working with regulators to inform its approach to policy and regulation.

英國政府表示，他們正與監管機構合作，以制定其政策和監管方針。

The Chemical Industries association says regulators and industry need to work together in setting transition periods for bringing alternatives to market.

化學工業協會表示，監管機構和業界需要合作，設定過渡期來將替代品推向市場。

Katrin Nye, BBC News and Catherine is with us now.

Katrin Nye，BBC新聞，Catherine 現在和我們在一起。

Honestly, Catherine, your face when you got the results back was quite something.

說真的，Catherine，你看到結果時的表情真是太令人難忘了。

But take us through the process why you decided to be part of the experiment around this, as it were, and

不過，請告訴我們你為什麼決定參與這次實驗，

Yeah, it was to try and put a number and some more detail on.

是的，這是為了試著給出一個數字和更多細節。

What I had learned during the investigation was that studies show that most of us have PFAS in our blood.

在調查過程中我瞭解到，研究顯示我們大多數人的血液中都有永久化學物質。

And I wanted to know what that level for me was.

我想知道我自己的水準是多少。

I'd been told that 2 nanograms per milliliter was a safe, what's deemed a safe level.

我被告知 2 奈米克/毫升是一個安全的，被認為是安全的水準。

And so when I was told that my levels were 9.8, I was genuinely shocked.

所以當我被告知我的水準是 9.8 時，我真的非常震驚。

是的，我進去了，在我腦海裡，

I don't really know why now in my head I was like, oh, I live fairly cleanly, you know, I try and eat well, that my levels will be lower.

我其實不知道為什麼現在我腦子裡會想，哦，我生活得相當健康，你知道的，我努力吃得好，我的水準應該會比較低。

But of course the thing that's significant about PFAS chemicals is that it is hard to limit your exposure because they are all around us in so many products and in our environment.

但當然，永久化學物質最顯著的特點是，因為它們存在於我們周遭的許多產品和環境中，所以很難限制接觸。

And that is what is so different from saying to someone you need to change your diet or you know, know, change what you, what you eat.

這和跟一個人說你需要改變飲食，或是你知道，改變你吃什麼，有很大的不同。

Then there are, I mean the, the realistic answer is that you cannot avoid PFAS chemicals completely.

那麼，我的意思是，實際的答案是，你無法完全避免永久化學物質。

You can do things like changing your non stick scratch non stick pans to stainless steel or ceramic versions, looking at products, looking in detail at products, so cosmetics and cleaning products and trying to buy ones that are PFAS free.

你可以做些事情，像是把你的不沾鍋換成不鏽鋼或陶瓷的，仔細查看產品，像是化妝品和清潔產品，並試著購買不含永久化學物質的產品。

But of course what a lot of scientists we spoke to during this investigation said is that what is actually needed is better regulation so that it's not just down to us because of these things, necessarily labeled in that way so that it's easy for us to identify.

但當然，我們在這次調查中採訪的許多科學家都說，實際上需要的是更好的規範，這樣就不只是我們的事了，因為這些東西不一定會這樣標示，讓我們容易辨識。

Well, they're more likely to be labeled the other way around.

嗯，它們更有可能以另一種方式標示。

So if you do your research, if you go online, if you research companies, you can find companies that advertise themselves as PFAS free, but

所以，如果你做研究，如果你上網，如果你研究公司，你可以找到那些宣傳自己不含永久化學物質的公司，但是

you are a lot less likely to find a product that says very clearly on it that it does contain pfas.

你不太可能在產品上看到清楚標示含有永久化學物質。

What sort of reaction have you had so far, not only to the story, but

到目前為止，大家有什麼樣的反應？不只是對這個報導，

to your sort of involvement in it and the fact that if your levels are high, people.

還有你參與其中，以及如果你的水準很高，人們。

I mean, I'm sitting here thinking, mine probably are too.

我是說，我坐在這裡想，我的可能也很高。

That, to be honest, kind of everyone is desperate to know what their levels are and probably potentially in the same situation as me, kind of looking at my numbers and thinking or hoping, oh, mine are probably lower than that.

說實話，大家都非常想知道自己的水準如何，而且可能跟我處於同樣的情況，看著我的數字，想著或希望，哦，我的可能比那低。

And, yeah, I think there might be more people interested in knowing what their levels are.

而且，嗯，我認為會有更多人想知道自己的水準。

It's not something that's really easy to get.

這不是一件真正容易取得的事情。

People can, of course, pay for it if they wish to, but it's not something that's really easy.

當然，如果大家願意，是可以付費檢測的，但這真的不是一件容易的事。

These chemicals are something that we are learning more about all the time.

這些化學物質是我們不斷在學習的。

And even in the health world, it's a fairly new thing to be going and having yourself tested for.

即使在健康領域，這也是一件相當新的事情，要去進行檢測。

目前這是一個相當小眾的市場。