Name: 2024 尼泊爾 USMLE 作弊醜聞解析 (2024 Nepal USMLE Cheating Scandal Explained)
Uploaded: 2025-10-30T17:57:07.000Z
Duration: 9 min 30 s

Unprecedented medical school exam scandal left both U.S.

前所未有的醫學院考試醜聞，讓美國

and international students wondering about the future of their medical education.

和國際學生都對他們的醫學教育未來感到擔憂。

Here is everything you need to know about the Nepal USMLE score scandal.

關於尼泊爾 USMLE 考分醜聞，這裡有你需要知道的一切。

Jubbal MedSchoolInsiders.com the United States Medical Licensing Examination, USMLE for short, has incredibly strict practices that ensure every medical student taking their board exams is on an equal playing field.

Jubbal MedSchoolInsiders.com 網站指出，美國醫師執照考試（簡稱 USMLE）有著極其嚴格的措施，確保每位參加國家考試的醫學院學生都站在公平的起跑線上。

They go much further than checking if photo ID matches test registration and proctors to mon unusual behavior.

他們的檢查遠不止核對照片證件是否與報名資料相符，以及監考人員監測異常行為。

They go as far as to measure how long it takes to answer each question in addition to comparing your correct and incorrect answer choices with other test takers in your vicinity.

他們甚至會測量回答每個問題所需的時間，並將你的對錯答案與你附近的其他考生進行比較。

They are extreme with their anti cheating tactics because the USMLE is designed to determine who is qualified to be a physician and treat patients in the United States.

他們的反作弊策略非常極端，因為 USMLE 的設計宗旨是為了確定誰有資格成為一名醫師並在美國治療病人。

Not having strict anti cheating measures in place could result in patients being harmed if unqualified students become practicing doctors.

如果沒有嚴格的反作弊措施，不合格的學生可能會成為執業醫師，進而傷害到病人。

At the beginning of 2024, the USMLE announced that a large number of test takers from Nepal had unusually high step exam scores and many had selected the exact same answer choices for the vast majority of questions.

在 2024 年初，USMLE 宣佈來自尼泊爾的大量考生出現異常高的 step exam 分數，而且許多人在絕大多數問題上選擇了完全相同的答案。

Regardless of whether it was the correct answer or not.

The odds of this occurring without cheating are near impossible.

這種情況在沒有作弊的情況下發生的機率幾乎為零。

Everyone up to speed, we first need to look into how the Nepali test takers were cheating to get a sense of the scale of their operation.

讓大家先了解情況，我們需要先看看尼泊爾的考生是如何作弊以瞭解他們操作的規模。

The evidence the USMLE released to the public suggests the examinees were most likely using recalls.

美國醫師執照考試 (USMLE) 公開的證據顯示，考生最有可能使用了 recalls。

This is when examinees write down the questions they saw during their exam to later sell to others.

這指的是考生在考試時記下他們看到的題目，之後再賣給別人。

This has been occurring since the dawn of the USMLE and will likely always continue.

這現象從美國醫師執照考試 (USMLE) 開始就一直存在，而且很可能會持續下去。

However, these recalls are usually fairly low quality as they're based on the test taker's memory and memories are fallible.

不過，這些 recalls 的品質通常都不太好，因為它們是基於考生的記憶，而記憶是會出錯的。

The other important detail to note is that the USMLE likely has fewer test questions than we think they do.

另一個要注意的重要細節是，美國醫師執照考試 (USMLE) 的考題數量可能比我們想像的要少。

Writing and validating questions that tens of thousands of people will interpret in nearly the same way regardless of their individual biases is not a simple task.

撰寫和驗證題目，讓成千上萬的人在幾乎相同的解讀下，不受個人偏見影響，這並不是一件簡單的事。

There is a great chance questions will be recycled from one exam to another, which makes recalls an unethical but lucrative business.

考題很有可能會在不同考試間重複出現，這讓 recalls 雖然不道德，卻成了個有利可圖的生意。

Some defending the Nepali test takers have argued these recalls are no different from resources like First Aid and uworld.

有些為尼泊爾考生辯護的人認為，這些 recalls 和 First Aid、uworld 這類的資源沒什麼兩樣。

However, those resources are used to teach students medical concepts, whereas recalls are live USMLE test questions that are sold to classmates and future test takers.

不過，那些資源是用來教學生醫學概念的，而 recalls 則是賣給同學和未來考生的即時 USMLE 考題。

Since recalls are exact exam questions, they are often memorized rather than used as a tool to deeply understand the correct answer.

由於 recalls 是精確的考題，它們常被死記硬背，而不是用來深入理解正確答案的工具。

Naturally, creating, selling and buying these Recall questions is strictly against the rules of taking board exams, as is even speaking about questions you saw with friends.

當然，製作、販售和購買這些 Recall 考題，以及談論你看到的考題，都嚴重違反了參加資格考試的規定。

It's part of the terms every test taker agrees to before they step foot inside the testing center.

這是每位考生在踏進考場前都同意的條款之一。

And again, right before they take the test, Nepali Test takers joined WhatsApp groups designed to help others earn the highest possible test scores.

再說一次，就在考試前，尼泊爾考生加入了 WhatsApp 群組，目的是幫助其他人獲得最高的考試成績。

The scale of this cheating operation is unprecedented, and

這個作弊行動的規模是前所未有的，

at the release of this video, 832 test takers have had at least one of their board exams invalidated.

在本影片發布時，已有 832 名考生的至少一項資格考試被判無效。

The document, titled Savior, was over 1000 pages long and included over 90% of the live USMLE test questions.

這份名為「Savior」的文件長達 1000 多頁，包含了超過 90% 的即時 USMLE 考題。

The people who bought these perfect recalls, which were unauthorized materials, were able to memorize the questions and the correct answers before they ever entered the testing center.

這些購買了未經授權的完美 recalls 的人，在踏進考場前就能記住考題和正確答案。

Looking at this graph, you can see how Nepal's average score skyrocketed to well above any other country as a result of Savior.

看看這張圖，你可以看到尼泊爾的平均分數因為 Savior 而飆升，遠高於其他國家。

Fortunately, the NBME was tipped off in January 2023 due to the high number of suspicious scores from Nepali students.

幸運的是，由於尼泊爾學生可疑的分數過高，NBME 在 2023 年 1 月接獲了線報。

NBME focused its initial investigation on Nepal.

NBME 將初步調查的重點放在尼泊爾。

They were able to join these WhatsApp groups to discover firsthand how accurate and how widespread the cheating was.

他們得以加入這些 WhatsApp 群組，親自了解舞弊行為的準確性和普遍性。

In the year since those initial tip offs, the NBME notified individuals whose exams were invalidated.

自從最初接獲線報以來，NBME 已通知了考試被判無效的考生。

And this is where things get interesting.

One test taker chose to sue the NBME for discrimination after being identified as a potential cheater, claiming many Nepali students were being wrongfully targeted and that it violated their civil rights.

一名考生在被認定為潛在舞弊者後，選擇起訴 NBME 歧視，聲稱許多尼泊爾學生被錯誤地針對，侵犯了他們的公民權利。

This case went to court and the judge ruled in favor of the nbme, saying the choice to look at Nepali students was based on data, not discrimination.

此案進入法院審理，法官判決 NBME 勝訴，表示選擇調查尼泊爾學生是基於數據，而非歧視。

USMLE's calculations found there was less than one in a hundred million chance that these test takers from the same region would have answers that matched so similarly.

USMLE 的計算發現，來自同一地區的考生答案如此相似的機率，不到億分之一。

And why was the motion to restore scores denied?

為什麼恢復成績的動議會被駁回？

The emergency motion to restore score validity was denied by a Washington D.C.

華盛頓特區的一位法院法官，因為有明確的作弊證據，駁回了恢復成績有效性的緊急動議。

district Court judge due to clear evidence of cheating.

Each USMLE question is designed to take 90 seconds, as that's generally the amount of time it takes to fully comprehend the question and answer.

每一題 USMLE 題目都設計成需要 90 秒來完成，因為這通常是完全理解題目和答案所需的時間。

The data shows this particular test taker got every single question right that they spent fewer than 20 seconds on while performing much worse on questions they took longer on.

數據顯示，這位考生在答題時間少於 20 秒的題目上全對，但在答題時間較長的題目上表現卻差很多。

Additionally, the test taker claimed that the reason it only took them 20 seconds was because they were quickly guessing.

此外，該考生聲稱，答題時間只花了 20 秒是因為他們在快速猜測。

If this were true, they naturally would not have guessed correctly 100% of the time when choosing between four five different answer choices.

如果這是真的，他們在四五個不同選項中做選擇時，自然不可能百分之百猜對。

Due to the strict anti cheating measures USMLE exams have in place, the performance of test takers on stolen Questions shared in WhatsApp groups can be compared to their performance on the non compromised test questions.

由於 USMLE 考試有嚴格的防弊措施，考生在 WhatsApp 群組分享的被盜題目上的表現，可以和他們在未受影響的考題上的表現做比較。

If they perform approximately the same across all questions, it suggests the test taker was likely not cheating and raises the probability of a false positive in the USMLE system.

如果他們在所有考題上的表現差不多，這就表示考生可能沒有作弊，並提高了 USMLE 系統誤判的可能性。

However, if the test taker performs much worse on the non compromised test questions, it's a huge red flag that indicates access to past test questions.

然而，如果考生在未受影響的考題上的表現差很多，這就是一個很大的警訊，表示他們接觸過過去的考題。

With all of their data, it's extremely easy for the USMLE to find what they called a pattern of anomalous test performance suggesting prior unauthorized access to secure exam content.

憑藉所有這些數據，USMLE 要找出他們所謂的異常考試表現模式，進而顯示先前未經授權存取安全考試內容的模式，是極其容易的。

The students who were suspected of having unauthorized access to past test questions have had their exams invalidated.

那些被懷疑未經授權存取過去考題的學生，他們的考試成績已被判定無效。

Having their scores invalidated doesn't mean they cheated.

成績被判定無效並不代表他們作弊。

Instead, they now need to prove they didn't cheat.

相反地，他們現在需要證明自己沒有作弊。

They those who received a message about an invalidated score were given three options to choose from.

那些收到成績無效通知的人，有三個選項可以選擇。

One they could request that NBME reconsider its decision.

一是他們可以請求 NBME 重新考慮其決定。

This is a process that could take up to 10 weeks.

這個過程可能需要長達 10 週的時間。

2 they could choose to retake the test or 3 they could choose to do nothing.

他們可以選擇重考，或是 3. 他們可以選擇什麼都不做。

For both options 1 and 2, the right to sue NBME would be waived if the identified cheater was aiming to match this year.

對於選項 1 和 2，如果被判定作弊者是為了今年申請配對，他們將放棄起訴 NBME 的權利。

They now will no longer be eligible for this cycle as they no longer have a validated test score.

他們現在將不再符合本週期資格，因為他們沒有有效的考試成績。

If they retake their exams and if they legitimately pass, they will be allowed to apply to the match again next year.

如果他們重考，並且合法通過，他們將獲準明年再次申請配對。

Of course, when they apply, program directors will be able to look at their entire USMLE transcript and see the highly suspect invalidated score indicating they likely cheated on their prior exam attempt.

當然，當他們申請時，計畫主任可以查看他們完整的 USMLE 成績單，並看到高度可疑的無效分數，這表明他們很可能在之前的考試中作弊。

However, the USMLE was able to go several years back to identify current residents and even attempts attendings from Nepal who they think had access to secure exam content before they took their board exams.

然而，USMLE 能夠追溯好幾年前，找出他們認為在參加國家考試前接觸過安全考試內容的現任住院醫師，甚至是來自尼泊爾的主治醫師。

Because their ECFMG medical license, which is the licensing foreign medical graduates need to be able to practice in the US depends on having valid passing scores on USMLE step 1, step 2 and step 3.

因為他們的 ECFMG 執照（這是外國醫學畢業生能在美國執業所需的執照）取決於他們是否持有 USMLE step 1、step 2 和 step 3 的有效通過分數。

These individuals will immediately lose their ability to practice in the us.

這些人將立即失去在美國執業的能力。

So what does this all mean for future med students?

那麼這一切對未來的醫學生來說意味著什麼呢？

If you've already taken your step exams, you don't need to worry that you might have received a worse score due to the abnormally high number of cheaters in the past few years.

如果你已經考過你的 step exams，你不需要擔心你可能會因為過去幾年異常多的作弊者而得到較差的分數。

The curve the USMLE uses is only based on MD students in the US and Canada who are first time test takers, they set the curve for everyone else.

USMLE 的計分曲線只參考美國和加拿大首次應考的 MD 學生，他們為其他人設定了分數標準。

DOS, IMGs, FMGs and even repeat test takers have no influence on the curve.

DOS、IMG、FMG 甚至重考者都不會影響分數曲線。

If you already took the test honestly, you can be rest assured that the score you received is actually yours and will not be invalidated.

如果你已經誠實地考過試，你可以放心，你獲得的分數確實是你的，也不會被判定無效。

Due to USMLE's extremely high threshold and degree of certainty for catching cheating students, there will likely be some false negatives, which means some cheaters will slip through the cracks.

由於 USMLE 對抓到作弊學生的門檻非常高且確定性極強，可能會有一些偽陰性，也就是說有些作弊者會僥倖逃脫。

However, this degree of certainty all but ensures no false positives will occur, meaning no one will be falsely accused of cheating.

然而，這種確定性幾乎能確保不會有偽陽性，也就是說不會有人被錯誤地指控作弊。

Lastly, the unfortunate victims of this scandal are the patients who have been treated by unqualified residents and physicians, as well as the IMGs applying to match this year who were not involved in the cheating scandal.

最後，這次醜聞的不幸受害者是那些接受了不合格住院醫師和主治醫師治療的病患，以及今年申請配對但未涉及作弊醜聞的 IMGs。

The USMLE will continue to heavily scrutinize test takers to ensure there is no variation in score reports.

USMLE 將持續嚴格審查應考者，以確保分數報告沒有差異。

They have already collected large amounts of suspicious data in countries like Pakistan, India and Jordan.

他們已經在巴基斯坦、印度和約旦等國家收集了大量可疑數據。

The organization will be aggressive in assuring cheating is impossible on board exams, as this is one of the best ways to make sure the physicians practicing in the US are qualified to take care of patients here.

該組織將積極確保董事會考試不可能作弊，因為這是確保在美國執業的醫師有資格照顧這裡的病患的最佳方法之一。

In the wake of this scandal, it's expected that they will create a great deal of new test questions along with removing the compromised ones from circulation.

在這起醜聞之後，預計他們將創造大量新的考題，並移除受影響的考題。

At med school insiders, we always aim to bring you the unbiased facts, but

在 med school insiders，我們總是致力於為你帶來最公正的資訊，但

if you want my unfiltered take on this cheating scandal, check out my reaction video over on the ChemojubalMD channel.

如果你想聽我對這次作弊醜聞的真實看法，可以到 ChemojubalMD 頻道觀看我的反應影片。