Name: 醫生開出的最奇特療法！😵 (Most Bizarre Treatments Ever Prescribed by Doctors!😵)
Uploaded: 2025-10-16T18:24:14.000Z
Duration: 13 min 42 s

Are these the types of medications you want in your toolkit?

這些是你希望工具箱裡有的藥物類型嗎？

Jubbal medschoolinsiders.com Modern medicine as we know it today took a long time to get here, and

Jubbal medschoolinsiders.com 我們今天所知的現代醫學，花了很長的時間才發展到現在，

along the way there were some questionable practices and outright mistakes.

過程中出現了一些令人質疑的做法，甚至是徹底的錯誤。

were thought to be the latest, most progressive treatments at the time.

在當時卻被認為是最先進、最進步的治療方法。

These are the strangest medical treatments from the past, yet you'll never guess what dead mice were used for.

這些是過去最奇怪的醫療療程，但你絕對猜不到死老鼠是用來做什麼的。

沒錯，瘧疾就是一種治療方法。

It was once believed that infecting someone with malaria could cure psychosis caused by advanced syphilis.

當時人們認為，讓感染瘧疾可以治癒因晚期梅毒引起的神經病。

Malariotherapy, as it was called, was first hypothesized by Austrian psychiatrist Dr.

這種療法被稱為瘧疾療法，最早是由奧地利精神科醫生 Julius Wagner Jorag 提出假設的。

Julius Wagner Jorag, who once witnessed one of his patients return to sanity after a bacterial infection caused a high fever.

他曾親眼看到一名病患在感染細菌引起高燒後恢復了神智。

He he believed that he could infect a syphilis patient with malaria, induce a high fever to treat their psychosis, and

他認為可以讓梅毒患者感染瘧疾，引發高燒來治療他們的神經病，

He saw a 25% success rate and for that he was awarded the Nobel Prize in medicine in 1927.

他看到了 25% 的成功率，並是以在 1927 年獲得了諾貝爾醫學獎。

不幸的是，對於 Joreg 醫生來說，

但幸運的是，對於人類來說，亞歷山大·佛萊明爵士發現了一種名為點青黴菌的殺菌黴菌，這導致了抗生素的誕生，瘧疾療法也是以停止使用。

fortunately for humanity, Sir Arthur Fleming discovered a bacteria killing mold called penicillum notatum, leading to the creation of antibiotics and the discontinuation of malariotherapy.

顯然，病患們更喜歡抗生素，而不是瘧疾引起的高燒和死亡風險。

Evidently, patients preferred antibiotics to the boiling fevers and risk of death caused by malaria.

接下來，我們來談談用絛蟲減重。

A tapeworm is a parasite that can live and feed inside human intestines, causing stomach pain, a loss of appetite, diarrhea and vomiting.

絛蟲是一種寄生蟲，可以寄生在人體腸道內並吸取養分，引起胃痛、食慾不振、腹瀉和嘔吐。

Due to these symptoms, people with this parasitic infection tend to lose weight.

因為有這些症狀，感染這種寄生蟲的人體重容易減輕。

Therefore, tapeworms have been marketed as a weight loss product for over 100 years and in some cities continue to be today.

是以，絛蟲作為減重產品已經販售了超過一百年，在某些城市至今仍然如此。

Despite known health risks like meningitis, epilepsy and dementia, desperate dieters would ingest beef tapeworm cysts, also known as Cystocercus bovis, the taenia seginata metacitode, usually in the form of a pill.

儘管有腦膜炎、癲癇和失智症等已知的健康風險，但絕望的減肥者會吞下牛絛蟲囊腫，也就是牛帶絛蟲囊尾蚴，通常以藥丸的形式。

The idea is that when the tapeworms reach maturity in the intestine, the they will absorb food, causing weight loss along with accompanying symptoms like diarrhea and vomiting.

這個想法是，當絛蟲在腸道內成熟時，牠們會吸收食物，導致體重減輕，並伴隨腹瀉和嘔吐等症狀。

Once the dieter had lost the weight they wanted, they would take an antiparasitic pill to hopefully kill off the tapeworms, which they would then need to excrete out their backside.

一旦減肥者減掉了想要的體重，他們就會服用驅蟲藥丸，希望能殺死絛蟲，然後再將其從肛門排出。

But this is easier said than done as tapeworms can grow as large as 30ft or 9 meters.

但這說起來容易做起來難，因為絛蟲可以長到 30 英尺或 9 公尺長。

Understandably, this can cause some serious abdominal and rectal complications and as anyone who has ever tried to take a 9 meter poop can attest to.

可以理解的是，這可能會引起嚴重的腹部和直腸併發症，任何嘗試排出 9 公尺長糞便的人都能證明。

Not only was it once legal, it was also celebrated by doctors as a wonder drug derived from the coca plant.

它不只曾是合法的，還曾被醫生們譽為從古柯植物提煉出的奇蹟藥物。

One of the oldest cultivated plants in South America.

南美洲最古老的栽培植物之一。

Coca leaves were once chewed as a panacea and local anesthetic during the reign of the Incan empire of Peru, and

在祕魯印加帝國時期，古柯葉曾被當作萬靈藥和局部麻醉劑咀嚼，而且

the leaves were also used in some religious ceremonies.

這些葉子也被用於一些宗教儀式。

Hundreds of years later In Europe in 1860, German chemist Albert Niemann isolated cocaine from coca leaves and discovered the powdery substance made his tongue numb.

幾百年後，在歐洲，德國化學家阿爾伯特·尼曼於 1860 年從古柯葉中分離出古柯鹼，並發現這種粉狀物質讓他的舌頭麻木。

Twenty years later, Austrian ophthalmologist Karl Koller experimented with cocaine as a surgical anesthetic to be used while performing eye surgery.

二十年後，奧地利眼科醫生卡爾·科勒嘗試將古柯鹼作為手術麻醉劑用於眼科手術。

Ether and chloroform would have been used, but

they caused patients to vomit, something that obviously can't happen when operating on a patient's eye.

它們會讓病人嘔吐，這顯然在進行眼部手術時是無法發生的。

Therefore, cataract surgery had to be performed without anesthesia, causing patients unbearable pain.

是以，白內障手術必須在沒有麻醉的情況下進行，讓病人承受無法忍受的痛苦。

That is, until Koller started soaking his patients eyes in cocaine solution and discovered his patients no longer experienced any pain during surgery.

也就是說，直到科勒開始將病人的眼睛浸泡在古柯鹼溶液中，才發現病人在手術時不再感到任何疼痛。

Unfortunately, enthusiasm for this surgical anesthetic diminished after a number of patients dying of accidental overdoses during surgery skyrocketed.

不幸的是，這種手術麻醉劑的熱度在許多病人在手術中意外過量死亡的事件急遽增加後就減退了。

Around this same time, a certain famous psychiatrist discovered cocaine had other applications.

差不多在同一時期，一位著名的精神科醫生發現古柯鹼還有其他用途。

In 1884, Sigmund Freud, the father of psychoanalysis, wrote a paper called Uber Coca.

1884年，精神分析之父西格蒙德·佛洛伊德寫了一篇名為《論古柯》的文章。

In the paper, Freud said that one senses an increase of self control and feels more vigorous and more capable of work after ingesting cocaine.

在文章中，佛洛伊德說，服用古柯鹼後，人會感覺到自我控制力增強，精力更充沛，工作能力也更強。

Freud, along with other doctors and scientists, also postulated that cocaine could relieve symptoms of depression as well as cure someone's dependence on alcohol or morphine, not realizing at the time that cocaine itself was addictive as well, Freud would go on using cocaine for 12 years until almost killing a patient while under the Influence in 1895.

當時，佛洛伊德和其他醫生及科學家們也推測，古柯鹼可以緩解憂鬱症狀，並治癒一個人對酒精或嗎啡的依賴，但他們當時並未意識到古柯鹼本身也會上癮。佛洛伊德在1895年幾乎因為在藥物影響下治療病人而害死一位病人後，持續使用了12年的古柯鹼。

An Anatomy of Addiction is one of my favorite books and covers not only Freud's adventures with cocaine, but

《成癮解剖》是我最喜歡的書之一，它不僅涵蓋了佛洛伊德與古柯鹼的冒險經歷，

William Halstead and his influence shaping early modern surgery in the US as well as his medical uses for cocaine and cocaine addiction.

威廉·哈爾斯特德醫生，以及他如何影響美國早期現代外科的發展，還有他對古柯鹼的醫學用途和古柯鹼成癮。

Find the book linked below and my other medical favorites on our Med School Insiders reading list@medschoolinsiders.com finally, we've reached De Mice.

您可以在下方找到這本書，以及我在 Med School Insiders 閱讀清單上的其他醫學類書籍@medschoolinsiders.com，最後，我們終於到了 De Mice。

This one traces all the way back to the ancient Egyptians who believed in a number of questionable healthcare practices, including crocodile dung as a contraceptive, animal thatch for hair loss, and

這一切都追溯到古埃及人，他們相信許多有爭議的醫療方法，包括用鱷魚糞便避孕、用動物茅草治療掉髮，還有

They also believed that dead mice could cure toothaches.

他們也相信，死老鼠可以治療牙痛。

One simply had to Take a dead mouse, mash it up into a paste, and

The though it's possible that the taste and smell of rotting mice was simply distracting enough to make people forget about their aching teeth entirely.

不過，或許腐爛老鼠的氣味和味道，足以讓人們完全忘記牙痛。

At that time in Egypt, many people suffered from dental issues because of the sand present in so many of the foods.

當時埃及許多人因為食物中含有沙子而飽受牙齒問題的困擾。

Teeth were often worn down and exposed nerves could cause notable pain.

牙齒經常磨損，暴露的神經會引起明顯的疼痛。

Dead mice were also ground up and mixed with other ingredients to cure earaches and other health conditions.

牠們也會把死老鼠磨碎，混合其他材料來治療耳痛和其他健康問題。

But as I'm sure you can already guess, there are many additional problems that can arise from exposing an open wound to rotting animal flesh.

不過，我想你應該已經猜到了，把開放性傷口暴露在腐爛的動物肉上，還會引發許多額外的問題。

And if you're thinking, well, that was a really, really long time ago.

如果你心想，嗯，那已經是很、很久以前的事了。

In the 1920s in rural England, doctors were still treating patients with remedies made from dead mice, as promised.

在 1920 年代的英國鄉村，醫生們仍然像我們承諾的那樣，用死老鼠製成的藥方來治療病人。

You may have heard of leeches being applied to someone in order to suck out diseased blood.

你可能聽過用螞蟥吸出病人的血來治療。

Bloodletting, which is removing blood from a patient in order to treat, cure, or prevent disease, is a medical practice that's thousands of years old, dating back to ancient Egypt and ancient Greece.

放血療法，也就是從病人身上移除血液以治療、治癒或預防疾病，是一種有數千年歷史的醫療實踐，可追溯到古埃及和古希臘。

Hippocrates, an ancient Greek physician and philosopher who you may recognize from the Hippocratic oath, believed, like many at the time, that existence was represented by four basic earth, air, fire, and

你可能從希波克拉底誓詞認識的古希臘醫生兼哲學家希波克拉底，當時和許多人一樣，認為存在是由四種基本元素：土、空氣、火和

Humans were related to those four basic humors through blood, flesh, phlegm, black bile, and yellow bile.

人類與這四種基本體液之間的關聯，則透過血液、肉體、黏液、黑膽汁和黃膽汁來表現。

If someone was ill, it meant an imbalance of the four humors, so treatment involved restoring balance by removing some of the excessive humor.

如果有人生病了，就代表這四種體液失衡，所以治療方法就是移除過多的體液來恢復平衡。

Bloodletting became a main method of treatment for all manner of ailments.

放血療法因而成為治療各種疾病的主要方法。

When Galen of Pergamum said blood was the most dominant humor during the second century, Galen believed blood was consumed by the body as nourishment, like food, and

到了二世紀，來自帕加馬的蓋倫（Galen of Pergamum）表示血液是最主要的體液，蓋倫認為血液會像食物一樣被身體消耗吸收作為營養，

Therefore, the removal of blood was not considered harmful or dangerous.

是以，移除血液並不會被認為是有害或危險的。

Physicians regularly performed bloodletting themselves using lancets and fleams, which were small, sharp blades doctors could carry in their pockets.

醫師們會定期親自進行放血，使用他們能放入口袋的小型銳利刀片，像是柳葉刀和放血刀。

Many ounces of blood could be removed at a time by a physician or as a home remedy.

一次可以移除好幾盎司的血液，由醫師執行，或是作為居家療法。

The procedure was even used to treat mental illness.

這個程序甚至被用來治療精神病。

Benjamin Rush performed aggressive bloodletting on patients suffering from mental illness, as he believed it would calm down vascular overexcitement.

Benjamin Rush 對患有精神病的病人進行了積極的放血，因為他認為這能鎮靜血管過度興奮。

Galen and future physicians also advocated for the use of leeches to extract the diseased blood.

Galen 和後來的醫師們也主張使用水蛭來吸取病血。

Francois Brousset claimed that placing several leeches over the organ he thought was inflamed cured his patients.

Francois Brousset 聲稱將幾隻水蛭放在他認為發炎的器官上，就能治癒他的病人。

His brand of leech therapy was very popular in Europe, especially in France where 5 to 6 million leeches were used per year in Paris alone and about 35 million in France as a whole.

他的水蛭療法在歐洲非常流行，尤其是在法國，巴黎每年就使用 500 到 600 萬隻水蛭，法國總共約使用了 3500 萬隻。

Bloodletting eventually fell out of favor.

However, leech therapy is actually still used today, primarily in the area of microsurgery and reimplantation surgery.

然而，水蛭療法實際上至今仍在使用，主要用於顯微手術和再植手術。

Hirudo medicinalis, also known as medicinal leeches, secretes several biologically active substances including fibrinase protease inhibitors, hyaluronidase and hirudin, an anticoagulant reducing venous congestion and preventing tissue necrosis.

藥用水蛭，也稱為藥用水蛭，會分泌幾種生物活性物質，包括纖維蛋白酶抑制劑、透明質酸酶和水蛭素，一種抗凝劑，可減輕靜脈鬱血並預防組織壞死。

This means leeches can be beneficial in the postoperative care of skin grafts and and microsurgical procedures like re implanted fingers or certain types of breast reconstruction.

這意味著水蛭在皮膚移植和顯微手術（例如再植手指或某些類型的乳房重建）的術後護理中可能是有益的。

Leech therapy also reduces the symptoms of eczema and psoriasis due to the concern of secondary infections as a result of live leeches, the University of Wisconsin developed a mechanical leech in the early 2000s.

由於擔心活水蛭可能導致二次感染，是以水蛭療法也能減輕濕疹和牛皮癬的症狀，是以威斯康辛大學在 2000 年代初期開發了一種機械水蛭。

Next is lobotomies, which you may remember from the ending of the famous book and subsequent film One Flew over the Cuckoo's Nest.

接下來是腦葉切除術，大家可能還記得在經典小說《飛越杜鵑窩》的結局以及後來的電影中出現過。

A lobotomy is a surgical procedure in which the nerve pathways in one or more lobes of the brain are severed from lobes in other areas.

腦葉切除術是一種外科手術，將大腦一個或多個腦葉的神經通路與其他區域的腦葉切斷。

This archaic and radical surgical practice was used as a therapeutic measure to help alleviate symptoms of severe mental illness in self destructive, delusional or violent patients.

這種古老且激進的外科手術曾被用作一種治療方法，來幫助緩解自毀、妄想或暴力患者的嚴重精神疾病症狀。

Evidence that lobotomies could calm severely mentally ill patients surfaced in the 1880s when Swiss physician and insane asylum supervisor Gottlieb Buchardt began experiencing experimenting on patients suffering from auditory hallucinations and other symptoms of mental illness.

到了 1880 年代，瑞士醫師兼精神病院主管 Gottlieb Buchardt 在實驗患有幻聽及其他精神疾病症狀的病患時，發現了腦葉切除術能鎮靜嚴重精神病患的證據。

However, few physicians adopted this practice until 1935 when Portuguese neurophysician Antonio Egasmonis and surgeon Pedro Almeida Lima drilled two holes in a patient's head and then injected pure ethyl alcohol into their prefrontal cortex.

然而，直到 1935 年，葡萄牙神經生理學家 Antonio Egas Moniz 和外科醫生 Pedro Almeida Lima 在病患頭部鑽了兩個洞，然後將純乙醇注入其前額葉皮質後，才少數醫師採納了這種做法。

Alcohol was used to interrupt the neuronal tracts that at the time were thought to inspire and reinforce the deconstructive chronic patterns of thought witnessed in mentally ill patients.

當時人們認為酒精可以中斷神經元通路，進而抑制和強化精神病患身上觀察到的破壞性慢性思維模式。

By 1937, Moniz and Lima had operated on nearly 40 patients with mixed results.

到了 1937 年，Moniz 和 Lima 已為近 40 名病患進行手術，結果好壞參半。

However, this didn't stop American neurologists Walter J. Freeman and James W.

然而，這並沒有阻止美國神經學家 Walter J. Freeman 和 James W.

Watts from further refining the procedure in the late 1930s and promoting its success as a miracle procedure through the American media.

Watts 在 1930 年代後期進一步改良這項手術，並透過美國媒體大力宣傳其為奇蹟手術的成功。

In 1945, Freeman created the transorbital lobotomy.

1945 年，Freeman 發明瞭經眼窩腦葉切除術。