Name: 為什麼火災 "季節 "不會結束 (Why fire "season" doesn't end)
Uploaded: 2025-08-28T03:55:23.000Z
Duration: 6 min 36 s

How many Americans do you think live in a wildfire risk zone?

您認為有多少美國人生活在野火風險區？

The answer, a third of the U.S. population.

答案是，三分之一的美國人口。

情態副詞

This number used to be one in six, and fire season is only growing.

這個數字過去是六分之一，而火災季節只會越來越多。

Now to the dry and hot conditions feeling dozens of wildfires in the West.

現在，乾燥和炎熱的天氣讓西部地區發生了數十起野火。

This fire burning so hot, it's creating its own erratic weather system.

這場大火燃燒得如此猛烈，已經形成了自己的不穩定天氣系統。

This fire, just one of hundreds burning across North America right now.

這場大火，只是目前在北美地區燃燒的數百起大火中的一場。

On average, a whole month has been added to fire season in parts of the Western U.S.

美國西部部分地區的火災季節平均延長了整整一個月。

我們一年中的任何時候都可以生火。

Right now, across the American West, as we're entering some of the worst fire conditions we've ever faced this season, we also have some of the lowest staffing that we've ever had for wildland firefighters.

目前，在整個美國西部，我們正面臨著本季節有史以來最惡劣的火災條件，同時，我們也面臨著有史以來野外消防員人手最少的情況。

And while the government does share some wildfire data, it doesn't always tell the story on the ground, specifically around the health and well-being of those protecting the most rural parts of America.

雖然政府確實分享了一些野火數據，但這些數據並不總能反映當地的情況，特別是那些保護美國最偏遠農村地區的人們的健康和福祉。

Working 16-hour days in extreme heat, sleeping in smoke, breathing smoke.

在酷熱中工作 16 小時，在煙霧中睡覺，呼吸著煙霧。

So what does it take for wildland firefighters to battle these increasingly intense fires?

那麼，野地消防員要怎樣才能與這些日益猛烈的火災作鬥爭呢？

And how can communities across rural America protect themselves?

We're seeing the greatest relative increase in acres burned above elevations of about 8,000 feet.

我們看到，海拔 8000 英尺以上的燒燬面積相對增加最多。

If you're a firefighter in the 90s, you might say, oh, you know, that area can't burn.

如果你是 90 年代的消防員，你可能會說，哦，你知道，那片區域燒不起來。

And now we're seeing those areas burn really vigorously.

現在，我們看到這些地區燃燒得非常猛烈。

Climate change, which is driving higher temperatures and drier conditions, is one component.

氣候變化是其中的一個因素，它導致氣溫升高，氣候更加乾燥。

Eighty-five percent of wildfires are started by humans.

So where humans live and recreate, like hiking, camping and traveling, matter.

是以，人類在哪裡生活和娛樂，比如遠足、露營和旅行，都很重要。

People are moving outside of urban centers more into the hazardous, wildfire-prone areas.

人們越來越多地從城市中心向危險的野火多發區遷移。

When I started fighting fires in the 70s, there weren't that many rural subdivisions in the woods.

上世紀 70 年代我開始救火時，樹林裡還沒有那麼多農村小區。

Bobbie is referring to the expansion of what is known as the Wildland Urban Interface, or WUI.

Bobbie 指的是所謂荒地城市界面（WUI）的擴大。

The WUI is the zone of transition where houses and buildings are built close to unoccupied wildland areas, creating zones of high wildfire risk.

WUI 是房屋和建築物靠近無人居住的荒地的過渡區域，形成了野火高風險區。

You've really exacerbated the problem because you put all this flammable material in and all these points of ignitions with these homes.

你把所有這些易燃物都放進了這些房子裡，所有這些著火點都在這些房子裡，這確實加劇了問題的嚴重性。

But do people know the actual risks of living in the WUI?

但是，人們知道生活在 WUI 中的實際風險嗎？

People aren't very concerned because they think the fire department is going to come save them.

人們並不十分擔心，因為他們認為消防隊會來救他們。

But when the weather and the climate and the fuel and everything goes against them, there's not much anybody's going to do against a large fire.

但是，當天氣、氣候和燃料等一切因素都與他們背道而馳時，面對一場大火，任何人都無能為力。

So the biggest thing is getting people to understand.

是以，最大的問題是讓人們理解。

The stresses on a traditional seasonal fire service has grown immensely.

傳統的季節性消防服務所承受的壓力已大大增加。

The time away from home, the amount of work that you have to do, the duration, the smoke accumulation that firefighters go through.

離開家的時間、必須完成的工作量、持續的時間以及消防員所經歷的煙霧積累。

We're having a lot more wildland fires that become wildland urban interface fires.

越來越多的野外火災變成了野外城市交界火災。

People are realizing that, hey, I'm breathing this smoke of, you know, 100 homes on fire, you know, with their plastics and their thousands of different chemical compounds.

人們意識到，嘿，我呼吸著這些煙霧，你知道，有 100 戶人家著火了，你知道，還有塑膠和成千上萬種不同的化學物質。

Wildland firefighters are exposed to 31 carcinogens in the line of duty.

野地消防員在執行任務時會接觸到 31 種致癌物質。

It's extremely difficult to staff crews of wildland firefighters now because the difficulty of the conditions they're facing has outpaced their compensation.

現在要為野地消防員配備人員非常困難，因為他們所面臨的條件的難度已經超過了他們的報酬。

It takes health care so that people with the expertise to manage these fires will keep working and stay healthy doing so.

這就需要提供醫療保健服務，以便擁有管理火災專業知識的人員能夠繼續工作並保持健康。

Protecting and properly compensating wildland firefighters is a critical piece of the equation.

保護和適當補償野地消防員是其中至關重要的一環。

But there's also education and awareness, which we'll get back to right after this message.

不過，還有教育和宣傳，我們會在這則消息之後再談。

This is another episode in a series of videos we're doing on how emergency help gets to remote places.

這是我們正在製作的關於如何向偏遠地區提供緊急救援的系列視頻中的另一集。

Rural parts of the U.S. often struggle to get the same services as more populated regions.

美國農村地區往往難以獲得與人口較多地區相同的服務。

We wanted to explore what those challenges look like and what might be done to make things better.

我們希望探討這些挑戰是什麼樣子的，以及如何才能讓事情變得更好。

And thanks to our sponsor T-Mobile for supporting this video.

感謝我們的贊助商 T-Mobile 對本視頻的支持。

T-Mobile is now the best mobile network in the U.S. according to Ookla's speed test and continues to be committed to supporting first responders and their families with exclusive deals.

根據 Ookla 的速度測試，T-Mobile 現在是美國最好的移動網絡，並將繼續致力於以獨家優惠支持急救人員及其家屬。

您可以通過下面的鏈接瞭解更多資訊。

T-Mobile didn't dictate the content of this video, but their support did make our reporting possible.

T-Mobile 沒有決定本視頻的內容，但他們的支持使我們的報道成為可能。

We're trying to help everyone understand you can do things around your own property.

我們正在努力幫助大家瞭解，您可以在自己的物業周圍做一些事情。

Lois is referring to fire adapted communities, a framework for educating communities to be fire resilient.

Lois 指的是 "適應火災的社區"，這是一個教育社區抵禦火災的框架。

Make sure that that's as safe as it can be.

These zones refer to defensive buffers between houses and wildfires.

這些區域指的是房屋與野火之間的防禦緩衝區。

In the first zone of defense, homeowners should clear their gutters and remove firewood, debris and other flammable materials.

在第一道防線上，房主應清理排水溝，清除木柴、碎石和其他易燃物。

In the second zone, they should design landscaping to create breaks with smaller clusters of trees and shrubs.

在第二個區域，他們應該設計景觀，用較小的樹木和灌木叢來營造休息區。

Bob Roper and his colleagues have also developed a program called Ready, Set, Go to help fire departments and vulnerable residents learn what to do before, during and after a fire.

鮑勃-羅珀和他的同事們還開發了一項名為 "準備、就緒、開始 "的計劃，幫助消防部門和弱勢居民瞭解火災發生前、發生時和發生後應該做些什麼。

And I think the public should really think about the future, think about how they want to be protected by the fire service by contextualizing the fact that we haven't seen the worst fire.

我認為，公眾應該真正考慮一下未來，考慮一下他們希望消防部門如何保護他們，因為我們還沒有看到最嚴重的火災。

We're going to continue to see ever increasing, larger fires, more destructive.

我們將繼續看到越來越多、越來越大、更具破壞性的火災。

I think it's more important than ever for people to think about fire, not as a singular thing, but fire plural.

我認為，現在比以往任何時候都更有必要讓人們思考火災問題，而不是把火災看成是一種單一的事物，而是一種多元的事物。

The most resilient tool we have to fight fires in the U.S. utilizes indigenous fire practices of controlled burns.

在美國，我們所擁有的最具復原力的滅火工具是利用控制燃燒的本土滅火方法。

There are also kinds of fire that a lot of our ecosystems in California, but all across North America, evolved to thrive with.

加利福尼亞州乃至整個北美洲的許多生態系統都是在火的作用下發展壯大的。

And if we can bring back the good kinds of fire, the kinds of fires that these ecosystems need, then we can really make our landscapes more resilient.

如果我們能恢復這些生態系統所需的良好火種和火災種類，那麼我們就能真正使我們的景觀更具復原力。

But the research shows that prescribed fire is really has to happen.

但研究表明，明火確實是必須的。

While the state of California has partnered with the Karuk and Klamath tribes to practice controlled burns, it's only one small step to fighting these growing fires.

雖然加利福尼亞州已經與卡魯克和克拉馬斯部落合作，實行控制性燃燒，但這只是撲滅這些日益嚴重的火災的一小步。

Addressing climate change, encouraging fire safe rural planning and increasing support for wildland firefighters will be just as critical.

應對氣候變化、鼓勵防火安全的農村規劃以及增加對野地消防員的支持同樣至關重要。